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Piezoelectric dynamic therapy (PzDT) is an effective method of tumor treatment by using piezoelectric polarization to generate reactive oxygen species. In this paper, two-dimensional Cu-doped BiOCl nanosheets with surface vacancies are produced by the photoetching strategy. Under ultrasound, a built-in electric field is generated to promote the electron and hole separation. The separated carriers achieve O 2 reduction and GSH oxidation, inducing oxidative stress. The bandgap of BiOCl is narrowed by introducing surface oxygen vacancies, which act as charge traps and facilitate the electron and hole separation. Meanwhile, Cu doping induces chemodynamic therapy and depletes GSH via the transformation from Cu(II) to Cu(I). Both in vivo and in vitro results confirmed that oxidative stress can be enhanced by exogenous ultrasound stimulation, which can cause severe damage to tumor cells. This work emphasizes the efficient strategy of doping engineering and defect engineering for US-activated PzDT under exogenous stimulation.

Widespread use of tetracycline (TC) results in its persistent residue and bioaccumulation in aquatic environments, posing a high toxicity to non-target organisms. In this study, a bimetal-doped composite material Ag 3 PO 4 /MIL-101(Fe,Cu) has been designed for the treatment of TC in aqueous solutions. As the molar ratio of Fe/Cu in composite is 1:1, the obtained material AP/MFe 1 Cu 1 is placed in an aqueous environment under visible light irradiation in the presence of 3 mM peroxydisulfate (PDS), which forms a photo-Fenton-like catalytic system that can completely degrade TC (10 mg/L) within 60 min. Further, the degradation rate constant (0.0668 min -1 ) is 5.66 and 7.34 times higher than that of AP/MFe and AP/MCu, respectively, demonstrating a significant advantage over single metal-doped catalysts. DFT calculations confirm the strong adsorption capacity and activation advantage of PDS on the composite surface. Therefore, the continuous photogenerated electrons (e - ) accelerate the activation of PDS and the production of SO 4 •- , resulting in the stripping of abundant photogenerated h  +  for TC oxidation. Meanwhile, the internal circulation of Fe Ⅲ /Fe Ⅱ and Cu Ⅱ /Cu Ⅲ in composite also greatly enhances the photo-Fenton-like catalytic stability. According to the competitive dynamic experiments, SO 4 •- have the greatest contribution to TC degradation (58.93%), followed by 1 O 2 (23.80%). The degradation intermediates (products) identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) technique indicate the involvement of various processes in TC degradation, such as dehydroxylation, deamination, N-demethylation, and ring opening. Furthermore, as the reaction proceeds, the toxicity of the intermediates produced during TC degradation gradually decreases, which can ensure the safety of the aquatic ecosystem. Overall, this work reveals the synergy mechanism of PDS catalysis and photocatalysis, as well as provides technical support for removal of TC-contaminated wastewater., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The insufficient exposure sites and active site competition of multienzyme are the two main factors to hinder its therapeutic effect. Here, a phase-junction nanomaterial (amorphous-crystalline Cu x S-Ag 2 S) is designed and prepared through a simple room temperature ion-exchange process. A small amount of Ag + is added into Cu 7 S 4 nanocrystals, which transforms Cu 7 S 4 into amorphous phased Cu x S and produces crystalline Ag 2 S simultaneously. In this structure, the overhanging bonds on the amorphous Cu x S surface provide abundant active sites for optimizing the therapeutic activity. Meanwhile, the amorphous state enhances the photothermal effect through non-radiative relaxation, and due to its low thermal resistance, phase-junction Cu x S-Ag 2 S forms a significant temperature gradient to unlock the optimized thermo-electrodynamic therapy. Furthermore, benefiting from the high asymmetry of the amorphous state, the material forms a spin-polarized state that can effectively inhibit electron-hole recombination. In this way, the thermoelectric effect can facilitate the enzyme-catalyzed cycle by providing electrons and holes, enabling an enhanced coupling of thermoelectric therapy with multienzyme activity, which induces excellent anti-tumor performance. More importantly, the catalytic process simulated by density-functional theory proves that Ag + alleviates the burden on the Cu sites through favorable adsorption of O 2 and prevents active site competition., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) has sparked increasing interest for catalytic antitumor treatment due to their more tunable and diverse active sites than natural metalloenzymes in complex physiological conditions. However, it is usually a hard task to precisely conduct catalysis at tumor sites after intravenous injection of those SAzyme with high reactivity. Moreover, the explorations of SAzymes in the anticancer application are still in its infancy and need to be developed. Herein, an in situ synthesis strategy for Cu SAzyme was constructed to convert adsorbed copper ions into isolated atoms anchored by oxygen atoms (Cu-O 2 /Cu-O 4 ) via GSH-responsive deformability of supports. Our results suggest that the in situ activation process could further facilitate the dissociation of copper ions and the consumption of glutathione, thereby leading to copper deposition in cytoplasm and triggering cuproptosis. Moreover, the in situ synthesis of Cu SAzyme with peroxidase-like activity enabled the intracellular reactive oxygen species production, resulting in specifically disturbance of copper metabolism pathway. Meanwhile, the in situ exposed glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitor phloretin (Ph) can block the glycose uptake to boost cuproptosis efficacy. Overall, this in situ activation strategy effectively diminished the off-target effects of SACs-induced catalytic therapies and introduced a promising treatment paradigm for advancing cuproptosis-associated therapies., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The copper efflux regulator (CueR) is a classical member of the MerR family of metalloregulators and is common in gram-negative bacteria. Through its C-terminal effector-binding domain, CueR senses cytoplasmic copper ions to regulate the transcription of genes contributing to copper homeostasis, an essential process for survival of all cells. In this chapter, we review the regulatory roles of CueR in the model organism Escherichia coli and the mechanisms for CueR in copper binding, DNA recognition, and interplay with RNA polymerase in regulating transcription. In light of biochemical and structural analyses, we provide molecular details for how CueR represses transcription in the absence of copper ions, how copper ions mediate CueR conformational change to form holo CueR, and how CueR bends and twists promoter DNA to activate transcription. We also characterize the functional domains and key residues involved in these processes. Since CueR is a representative member of the MerR family, elucidating its regulatory mechanisms could help to understand the CueR-like regulators in other organisms and facilitate the understanding of other metalloregulators in the same family., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

Elesclomol is an anticancer drug that targets mitochondrial metabolism. In the past, elesclomol was recognized as an inducer of oxidative stress, but now it has also been found to suppress cancer by inducing cuproptosis. Elesclomol's anticancer activity is determined by the dependence of cancer on mitochondrial metabolism. The mitochondrial metabolism of cancer stem cells, cancer cells resistant to platinum drugs, proteasome inhibitors, molecularly targeted drugs, and cancer cells with inhibited glycolysis was significantly enhanced. Elesclomol exhibited tremendous toxicity to all three kinds of cells. Elesclomol's toxicity to cells is highly dependent on its transport of extracellular copper ions, a process involved in cuproptosis. The discovery of cuproptosis has perfected the specific cancer suppressor mechanism of elesclomol. For some time, elesclomol failed to yield favorable results in oncology clinical trials, but its safety in clinical application was confirmed. Research progress on the relationship between elesclomol, mitochondrial metabolism and cuproptosis provides a possibility to explore the reapplication of elesclomol in the clinic. New clinical trials should selectively target cancer types with high mitochondrial metabolism and attempt to combine elesclomol with platinum, proteasome inhibitors, molecularly targeted drugs, or glycolysis inhibitors. Herein, the particular anticancer mechanism of elesclomol and its relationship with mitochondrial metabolism and cuproptosis will be presented, which may shed light on the better application of elesclomol in clinical tumor treatment., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Copper aspartate nanofibers were facilely prepared based on aspartic acid and copper (CuAsp nanofibers). It is found that the prepared CuAsp nanofibers have catalytic activities of five enzymes, including peroxidase, laccase, catalase, ascorbate oxidase, and superoxide dismutase mimetic activities. The kinetic and catalytic properties of CuAsp nanofibers were systematically investigated, showing their high catalytic activity, excellent stability, and reusability. The laccase mimetic activity of nanofibers could be used to detect catechin in the range 20-1200 µM with a detection limit of 5.88 µM. In addition, a sensing platform for glutathione with a detection limit of 0.25 µM and a detection range of 1-50 µM was established based on CuAsp nanofibers which have the peroxidase-mimicking activity. The sensor had good selectivity and could detect glutathione in actual samples of human serum. Therefore, CuAsp nanofibers with multi-enzyme activity have broad application prospects such as biosensing, environmental management, and disease diagnosis., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.)

Maximization of phototoxic damage on tumor with minimized side effect on normal tissue is essential for effective anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). This requires highly cancer-cell-specific or even cancer-cell-organelle-specific synthesis or delivery of efficient photosensitizers (PSs) in vitro and in vivo, which is difficult to achieve. Herein, we report a strategy of cancer-cell-activated PS synthesis, by which an efficient mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer with aggregation-induced-emission (AIE) feature can be selectively synthesized as an efficient image-guided PDT agent inside cancer cells. MOF-199, a Cu II -based metal-organic framework, was selected as an inert carrier to load the PS precursors for efficient delivery and served as a Cu I catalyst source for in situ click reaction to form PSs exclusively in cancer cells. The in situ synthesized PS showed mitochondria-targeting capability, allowing potent cancer-cell-specific ablation under light irradiation. The high specificity of PSs produced in cancer cells also makes it safer post-treatment., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

In practical application, the adsorption capacity, adsorption kinetics, recycling and production cost of adsorbent affect the application of adsorbent. In this study, porous lignosulfonate/chitosan adsorbent was prepared by simple radical polymerization of acrylic acid in the mixed solution of lignosulfonate and chitosan. The porous and large surface area of adsorbent provides more adsorption sites for heavy metal ions. A variety of characterization methods were used to characterize the appearance and structure of the adsorbent. Adsorbent can effectively adsorb heavy metal ions in aqueous solution, and has the best removal effect for Cu 2+ and Co 2+ . The adsorption capacity of adsorbent for Co 2+ is 386 mg g -1 , and for Cu 2+ is 283 mg g -1 . 0.01 g adsorbent was used to adsorb 100 mg L -1 Cu 2+ , and the adsorption equilibrium was reached within 60 min. When the amount of adsorbent reaches 0.03 g, the removal rate of heavy metal ions of 100 mg L -1 can reach 99%. In this study, an adsorbent based on acrylic resin was developed., (Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

The therapeutic effect of traditional chemodynamic therapy (CDT) agents is severely restricted by their weakly acidic pH and glutathione (GSH) overexpression in the tumor microenvironment. Here, fusiform-like copper(II)-based tetrakis(4-carboxy phenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (nMOFs) were designed and constructed for the first time (named PCN-224(Cu)-GOD@MnO 2 ). The coated MnO 2 layer can not only avoid conjugation of glucose oxidase (GOD) to damage normal cells but also catalyzes the generation of O 2 from H 2 O 2 to enhance the oxidation of glucose (Glu) by GOD, which also provides abundant H 2 O 2 for the subsequent Cu + -based Fenton-like reaction. Meanwhile, the Cu 2+ chelated to the TCPP ligand is converted to Cu + by the excess GSH in the tumor, which reduces the tumor antioxidant activity to improve the CDT effect. Next, the Cu + reacts with the plentiful H 2 O 2 by enzyme catalysis to produce a toxic hydroxyl radical ( • OH), and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) is synchronously generated from combination with Cu + , O 2 , and H 2 O via the Russell mechanism. Furthermore, the nanoplatform can be used for both TCPP-based in vivo fluorescence imaging and Mn 2+ -induced T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging. In conclusion, fusiform-like PCN-224(Cu)-GOD@MnO 2 nMOFs facilitate the therapeutic efficiency of chemodynamic and starvation therapy via combination with relief hypoxia and GSH depletion after acting as an accurate imaging guide.

Although jarosite and visible light are important factors for the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), the effects of combined jarosite and visible light on chalcopyrite biodissolution have not been explored until now. In order to fill this knowledge gap, the combined effects of jarosite and visible light on chalcopyrite dissolution mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans were investigated. The results indicated that jarosite and visible light could significantly accelerate chalcopyrite biodissolution, thus releasing more copper ions, iron ions and producing more acid. This in turn suggests enhanced generation of AMD under these conditions. Biodissolution results, mineral surface morphology, mineralogical phase and elemental composition analyses revealed that the promotion of chalcopyrite dissolution by additional jarosite and visible light was mainly attributed to the acceleration of ferric iron/ferrous iron cycling and the inhibition of the formation of a passivation layer (jarosite and S n 2- /S 0 ) on the surface of chalcopyrite. This study provides a better understanding of the effects of jarosite and visible light on chalcopyrite biodissolution. In the future, the influences of jarosite and visible light on chalcopyrite dissolution should be considered in AMD evaluation to ensure reliability., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

In this work, the binding characteristics of methylene blue (MB) to human serum albumin (HSA) and the influence of Cu(2+) and Fe(3+) on the binding affinity of MB to HSA were investigated using fluorescence, absorption, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The results of competitive binding experiments using the site probes ketoprofen and ibuprofen as specific markers suggested that MB was located in site I within sub-domain IIA of HSA. The molecular modelling results agreed with the results of competitive site marker experiments and the results of CD spectra indicated that the interaction between MB and HSA caused the conformational changes in HSA. The binding affinity of MB to HSA was enhanced but to a different extent in the presence of Cu(2+) and Fe(3+), respectively, which indicated that the influence of different metal ions varied. Enhancement of the binding affinity of MB to HSA in the presence of Cu(2+) is due to the formation of Cu(2+)-HSA complex leading to the conformational changes in HSA, whereas in the presence of Fe(3+), enhancement of the binding affinity is due to the greater stability of the Fe(3+)-HSA-MB complex compared with the MB-HSA complex., (Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

A novel dual-photoluminescence probe for Cu(2+) has been developed, in which the graphene quantum dots with blue emission and CdTe QDs with yellow emission act as internal standard and probe, respectively. The photoluminescence probe exhibited selective sensing for Cu(2+) with a limit of detection (3SD/k) of 5.3 × 10(-8) M and showed its potential application in visual imaging. The results indicated that the constructed probe can be employed for sensing Cu(2+) by the naked eye, and also for monitoring intracellular Cu(2+).

Copper-catalyzed ortho-halogenation of C(sp(2))-H bonds directed by a PIP directing group with NXS (X = Cl, Br, I) has been developed. The reaction is scalable and tolerates a broad range of functional groups and heteroarenes, providing an efficient access to halogenated arenes and heteroarenes.

A copper-promoted C3-cyanation of both the free N-H and N-protected indoles by N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-ethane-1,2-diamine (TMEDA) and ammonium is achieved. The iminium ion acts as the intermediate in this transformation, which is sequentially electrophilically attacked by indole and H2O followed by hydrolyzation to form the aldehyde. Then the reaction between the aldehyde and ammonium afforded nitriles. The reaction employs O2 as a clean oxidant with good efficiency and functional group tolerance. Thus, it represents a facile and safe procedure leading to 3-cyano indoles.

A new colorimetric and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent chemosensor (1) for Cu(2+) based on BODIPY has been synthesized and investigated in this work. 1 Displays a high selectivity for Cu(2+) with about 250-fold enhancement in fluorescence emission intensity and micromolar sensitivity (K(d)=2.8±0.3 μM) in comparison with alkali and alkaline earth metal ions (Na(+), K(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+)) and other metal ions (Ba(2+), Zn(2+), Cd(2+), Fe(2+), Pb(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), Ag(+)) upon excitation at 635 nm in CH(3)CN. Meanwhile, the distinct color changes and rapid switch-on fluorescence also provide 1 as colorimetric senor for Cu(2+)., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

A six-coordinate copper(II) complex with the ligand 1,3-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-oxopropane (Meobb), with composition [Cu(Meobb)(2)](NO(3))(2)·2CH(3)OH, has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electrical conductivities, IR, UV-Vis spectral measurements. A study of the electro-chemistry of the copper(II) complex was carried out by using cyclic voltammetry. The molecular structures of the ligand Meobb and the Cu(II) complex were determined by X-ray crystal diffraction. The DNA-binding modes of the ligand and the complex were investigated by electronic absorption titration, ethidium bromide-DNA displacement experiments and viscosity measurements. The experimental evidence indicated the compounds interact with calf thymus DNA through intercalation. Additionally, the Cu(II) complex exhibited potential antioxidant properties in in vitro studies., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Four new Cu(II) complexes {[Cu(4)(bpy)(4)(OH)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]}(NO(3))(2)(C(7)H(5)O(2))(2)·6H(2)O 1, {[Cu(4)(bpy)(4)(OH)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]}(NO(3))(2)(C(5)H(6)O(4))·8H(2)O 2, {[Cu(4)(bpy)(4)(OH)(4)(H(2)O)(2)]}(C(5)H(6)O(4))(2)·16H(2)O 3 and {[Cu(6)(bpy)(6)(OH)(6)(H(2)O)(2)]}(C(8)H(7)O(2))(6)·12H(2)O 4 were synthesized (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, H(2)(C(5)H(6)O(4)) = glutaric acid, H(C(7)H(5)O(2)) = benzoic acid, H(C(8)H(7)O(2)) = phenyl acetic acid). The building units in 1-3 are the tetranuclear [Cu(4)(bpy)(4)(H(2)O)(2)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(2)](4+) complex cations, and in 4 the hexanuclear [Cu(6)(bpy)(6)(H(2)O)(2)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(4)](6+) complex cations, respectively. The tetra- and hexanuclear cluster cores [Cu(4)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(2)] and [Cu(6)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(4)] in the complex cations could be viewed as from step-like di- and trimerization of the well-known hydroxo-bridged dinuclear [Cu(2)(μ(2)-OH)(2)] entities via the out-of-plane Cu-O(H) bonds. The complex cations are supramolecularly assembled into (4,4) topological networks via intercationic ππ stacking interactions. The counteranions and lattice H(2)O molecules are sandwiched between the 2D cationic networks to form hydrogen-bonded networks in 1-3, while the phenyl acetate anions and the lattice H(2)O molecules generate 3D hydrogen-bonded anionic framework to interpenetrate with the (4,4) topological cationic networks with the hexanuclear complex cations in the channels. The ferromagnetic coupling between Cu(II) ions in the [Cu(4)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(2)] cores of 1-3 is significantly stronger via equatorial-equatorial OH(-) bridges than via equatorial-apical ones. The outer and the central [Cu(2)(OH)(2)] unit within the [Cu(6)(μ(2)-OH)(2)(μ(3)-OH)(4)] cluster cores in 4 exhibit weak ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions, respectively. Results about i.r. spectra, thermal and elemental analyses are presented.

An experiment was conducted using a total of 840, 1-day-old, Arbor Acres commercial male broilers to compare copper (Cu) sulfate and tribasic Cu chloride (TBCC, Cu(2)(OH)(3)Cl) as sources of supplemental Cu for broilers fed in floor pens. Chicks were randomly allotted to one of seven treatments for six replicate pens of 20 birds each, and were fed a basal corn-soybean meal diet (10.20 mg/kg Cu) supplemented with 0, 100, 150, or 200 mg/kg Cu from either Cu sulfate or TBCC for 21 days. Chicks fed 200 mg/kg Cu as TBCC had a higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) than those consuming other diets. Liver Cu contents of broilers fed diets supplemented with TBCC were numerically lower (P > 0.05) than those of broilers fed diets supplemented with Cu sulfate. The vitamin E contents and the phytase activities in the feed fortified with TBCC were higher (P < 0.01) and numerically higher (P > 0.05) compared with those in the feeds fortified with Cu sulfate stored at room temperature, respectively. The vitamin E contents in liver and plasma of broilers fed diets supplemented with TBCC were higher (P < 0.05) than those of birds fed diets supplemented with Cu sulfate. This result indicates that TBCC is more effective than Cu sulfate in improving the growth of broilers fed in floor pens, and it is chemically less active than Cu sulfate in promoting the undesirable oxidation of vitamin E in feeds.

Hydrothermal reactions of mixed ligands 5-methoxyisophthalate (CH(3)O-H(2)ip) and dipyridyl with Cu(OAc)(2).2H(2)O afford five new coordination polymers, including {[Cu(CH(3)O-ip)(bpa)].H(2)O}(n) (1), [Cu(2)(CH(3)O-ip)(2)(bpa)(0.5)(H(2)O)](n) (2), [Cu(2)(CH(3)O-ip)(2)(bpp)(H(2)O)](n) (3), {[Cu(3)(CH(3)O-ip)(3)(bpp)(2)(H(2)O)].3H(2)O}(n) (4) and [Cu(4)(CH(3)O-ip)(3)(bpe)(OH)(2)](n) (5) (bpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane, bpa = 1,2-bi(4-pyridyl)ethane, and bpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene). Compound 1 consists of CH(3)O-ip anion-bridged 1D Cu(II) chains that are linked by trans-bpa into a 2D layer. Compound 2 is a 2D (4,4) layer that is connected by CH(3)O-ip anions. The gauche bpa in 2 lies in the cavity and meets the coordination requirement of the paddle-wheel dimeric copper unit. Compound 3 is an extended 3D polythreading network consisting of 2D (4,4) motifs with dangling bpp lateral arms. Compound 4 exhibits a 3D (4,6)-connected self-penetrating (6(5).8)(6(14).8) network that is composed of binuclear and mononuclear metal nodes. Compound 5 exhibits a 3D network with the tetranuclear [Cu(4)(mu(3)-OH)(2)](6+) cluster acting as nodes, which is constructed by the interconnection of 2D helical layers via bpe pillars. The results of magnetic determination show that the syn-anti carboxylato bridges in our cases induce a weak antiferromagnetic interaction in 1, and the syn-syn carboxylato bridge in 3 and 4 mediates a strong antiferromagnetic interaction.

The introduction of defects in graphene will affect the mechanical and electrical properties of the composite interface. We investigate the effect of Stone–Wales (S-W), single-vacancy (S-V), and double-vacancy (D-V) defects on interface properties of copper/graphene/copper (Cu/Gr/Cu) sandwich models using the first-principles study. The results indicate that most defects forming in the Cu/Gr/Cu interface have lower formation energy than that in the free graphene slab. The introduction of defects is beneficial to enhance interface bonding while decreasing electrical properties due to electron scattering. By analyzing the differential charge density of all the Cu/Gr/Cu models with defects, we show that the defects cause changes in electron distribution and facilitate charge transfer between graphene and adjacent copper layers by altering the atomic layer distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single‐atom nanozyme (SAzyme) has sparked increasing interest for catalytic antitumor treatment due to their more tunable and diverse active sites than natural metalloenzymes in complex physiological conditions. However, it is usually a hard task to precisely conduct catalysis at tumor sites after intravenous injection of those SAzyme with high reactivity. Moreover, the explorations of SAzymes in the anticancer application are still in its infancy and need to be developed. Herein, an in situ synthesis strategy for Cu SAzyme was constructed to convert adsorbed copper ions into isolated atoms anchored by oxygen atoms (Cu−O2/Cu−O4) via GSH‐responsive deformability of supports. Our results suggest that the in situ activation process could further facilitate the dissociation of copper ions and the consumption of glutathione, thereby leading to copper deposition in cytoplasm and triggering cuproptosis. Moreover, the in situ synthesis of Cu SAzyme with peroxidase‐like activity enabled the intracellular reactive oxygen species production, resulting in specifically disturbance of copper metabolism pathway. Meanwhile, the in situ exposed glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitor phloretin (Ph) can block the glycose uptake to boost cuproptosis efficacy. Overall, this in situ activation strategy effectively diminished the off‐target effects of SACs‐induced catalytic therapies and introduced a promising treatment paradigm for advancing cuproptosis‐associated therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and its adjacent areas contain abundant mineral resources, especially porphyry–skarn–stratabound Cu–Au–Mo–Fe deposits, and still have great potential for mineral prospecting. In this paper, geochemical blocks and local singularity mapping methods were used to delineate the spatial distribution pattern of Cu and identify the geochemical anomalies related to Cu deposits. Six copper geochemical blocks, each with an area of more than 1000 km2, were all spatially consistent with the locations of the five Cu ore districts (Edongnan, Jiurui, Anqing-Guichi, Tongling, and Ningzhen) and one ore field (Dexing) in the study area. Thus, geochemical blocks delineated with low-density geochemical data can effectively track the locations of ore districts or large ore deposits. Most of the known Cu deposits in the study area were located in anomalous areas with singularity indices less than 1.741 in the Cu singularity map. The singularity analysis could reduce the anomalous areas and identify the geochemical anomalies related to Cu deposits effectively. Geochemical blocks combining a local singularity mapping method is an effective tool for identifying prospecting targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrochemical CO2 reduction to value‐added chemicals or fuels offers a promising approach to reduce carbon emissions and alleviate energy shortage. Cu‐based electrocatalysts have been widely reported as capable of reducing CO2 to produce a variety of multicarbon products (e.g. ethylene and ethanol). In this work, we develop sulfur‐doped Cu2O electrocatalysts, which instead can electrochemically reduce CO2 to almost exclusively formate. We show that a dynamic equilibrium of S exists at the Cu2O‐electrolyte interface, and S‐doped Cu2O undergoes in situ surface reconstruction to generate active S‐adsorbed metallic Cu sites during the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations together with in situ infrared absorption spectroscopy measurements show that the S‐adsorbed metallic Cu surface can not only promote the formation of the *OCHO intermediate but also greatly suppress *H and *COOH adsorption, thus facilitating CO2‐to‐formate conversion during the electrochemical CO2RR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have received increasing attention because of their excellent properties. To improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of pure Cu, a Cu35Ni25Co25Cr15 HEA coating was, for the first time, deposited on a pure Cu substrate by plasma transfer arc (PTA) welding. The welding current varied from 130 to 160 A. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the coating were investigated. The Cu35Ni25Co25Cr15 HEA coating comprised face-cubic-centered A1 (Cu-rich) and γ′ (NiCoCr-rich) phases. The coating had an apparent structural gradient with coarse grains at the interface with the Cu substrate. The bottom, middle, and top zones of the coating exhibited a fine smooth cellular structure, fine-needle structure, and long dendrites, respectively. As the welding current was increased, the dilution ratio of the coating and interfacial bonding strength gradually increased, whereas the hardness of the coating increased and then decreased. Under a welding current of 150 A, no gaps or pores appeared in the interface, and the coating exhibited good metallurgical bonding with the Cu substrate. The wear mechanisms of the Cu35Ni25Co25Cr15 HEA coating at different temperatures were also determined. Compared with pure Cu, the Cu35Ni25Co25Cr15 HEA coating exhibited excellent wear resistance, especially at high temperatures. This study paves a new way for coating on pure Cu and enhances the wear resistance of Cu components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Widespread use of tetracycline (TC) results in its persistent residue and bioaccumulation in aquatic environments, posing a high toxicity to non-target organisms. In this study, a bimetal-doped composite material Ag 3 PO 4 /MIL-101(Fe,Cu) has been designed for the treatment of TC in aqueous solutions. As the molar ratio of Fe/Cu in composite is 1:1, the obtained material AP/MFe 1 Cu 1 is placed in an aqueous environment under visible light irradiation in the presence of 3 mM peroxydisulfate (PDS), which forms a photo-Fenton-like catalytic system that can completely degrade TC (10 mg/L) within 60 min. Further, the degradation rate constant (0.0668 min−1) is 5.66 and 7.34 times higher than that of AP/MFe and AP/MCu, respectively, demonstrating a significant advantage over single metal-doped catalysts. DFT calculations confirm the strong adsorption capacity and activation advantage of PDS on the composite surface. Therefore, the continuous photogenerated electrons (e −) accelerate the activation of PDS and the production of SO 4 •−, resulting in the stripping of abundant photogenerated h + for TC oxidation. Meanwhile, the internal circulation of FeⅢ/FeⅡ and CuⅡ/CuⅢ in composite also greatly enhances the photo-Fenton-like catalytic stability. According to the competitive dynamic experiments, SO 4 •− have the greatest contribution to TC degradation (58.93%), followed by 1O 2 (23.80%). The degradation intermediates (products) identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) technique indicate the involvement of various processes in TC degradation, such as dehydroxylation, deamination, N-demethylation, and ring opening. Furthermore, as the reaction proceeds, the toxicity of the intermediates produced during TC degradation gradually decreases, which can ensure the safety of the aquatic ecosystem. Overall, this work reveals the synergy mechanism of PDS catalysis and photocatalysis, as well as provides technical support for removal of TC-contaminated wastewater. [Display omitted] • Ag 3 PO 4 /MIL-101(Fe,Cu) shows excellent photo-Fenton-like catalysis under sunlight irradiation. • SO 4.•− behaves greatest contribution to TC degradation (58.93%), followed by 1O 2 (23.80%). • Circulation of FeⅢ/FeⅡ and CuⅡ/CuⅢ within composite enables its recyclable stability. • TC degradation solution shows reduced toxicity to typical aquatic organisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper can efficiently electro‐catalyze carbon dioxide reduction to C2+ products (C2H4, C2H5OH, n‐propanol). However, the correlation between the activity and active sites remains ambiguous, impeding further improvements in their performance. The facet effect of copper crystals to promote CO adsorption and C−C coupling and consequently yield a superior selectivity for C2+ products is described. We achieve a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 87 % and a large partial current density of 217 mA cm−2 toward C2+ products on Cu(OH)2‐D at only −0.54 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode in a flow‐cell electrolyzer. With further coupled to a Si solar cell, record‐high solar conversion efficiencies of 4.47 % and 6.4 % are achieved for C2H4 and C2+ products, respectively. This study provides an in‐depth understanding of the selective formation of C2+ products on Cu and paves the way for the practical application of electrocatalytic or solar‐driven CO2 reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five coordination compounds [Cu2(impc)2(µ2‐OH)Cl]n (1), [Cu2(impc)2(µ2‐OH)Br]n (2), [Co(impc)2(H2O)2]n (3), [Co4(impc)4(SO4)2(H2O)]n (4) and {[Co(impc)(H2O)2]·H2O} (5) based on asymmetric 5‐(1H‐imidazole‐1‐yl)‐3‐pyridinecarboxylic acid (Himpc) have been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. 1 and 2 are isostructural and consist of binuclear CuII units and display two‐dimensional (2D) framework, where 1 and 2 present a new {(4.62)(42.65.82.10)(4)} topology. 3 features a 1D chain structure. Polymer 4, which also displays a new Schläfli symbol {(413.620.88.104)(43)2(4)}, contains tetranuclear CoII cluster and is a 2D structure. The planar‐type tetranuclear CoII cluster with SO42– bridge in 4 has not been reported. Compound 5 possesses a mononuclear structure. Magnetic susceptibility studies for 1 and 2 with Cu2 units reveal the antiferromagnetic coupling with J = –3.42 cm–1 for 1 and J = –3.83 cm–1 for 2. Contrary to the only example of class F2 ferromagnetic VII, 1 and 2 (class F2) exhibit different antiferromagnetic behavior. Compounds 3 and 5 exhibit ferromagnetic behavior, and their M(H) curve is consistent with the ferromagnetic nature. No peaks are observed in the out‐of‐phase (χ'') plots of 3, suggesting no long‐range order and no spin canting. For 4 with the Co4 units, it also exhibits ferromagnetic behavior, and the M(H) curve is consistent with the ferromagnetic nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) show good mechanical properties like high strength, hardness and wear resistance, and this makes them attractive for application in diamond tools. However, there are severe obstacles to improving the mechanical properties of normal diamond tools with metal-matrix alloys. Here, we report the formation of FeCoCrNiMo HEAs by powder metallurgy processing, starting from a gas-atomised powder followed by mechanical milling and consolidation by spark plasma sintering. Our results show that FeCoCrNiMo HEAs with pure FCC phase can be obtained by this method. Specimens with higher hardness can be obtained at higher temperatures and low pressures, while specimens with higher bending strength are formed at lower temperatures and pressures. FeCoCrNiMo HEAs have remarkably higher hardness and better wear behaviour than metal-matrices commonly in used diamond tools, which indicates that a new type of diamond tool with superior properties can be realised from HEAs. Special theme block on high entropy alloys, guest edited by Paula Alvaredo Olmos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain, and Sheng Guo, Chalmers University, Gothenburg, Sweden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate uniaxial tension and compression of nanocrystalline copper with mean grain sizes of 3.8–11.9 nm. The simulation results show an apparent asymmetry in the flow stress, with nanocrystalline copper stronger in compression than in tension. The asymmetry exhibits a maximum at the mean grain size of about 10 nm. The dominant mechanism of the asymmetry depends on the mean grain size. At small grain sizes, grain-boundary based plasticity dominates the asymmetry, while for large grain sizes the asymmetry mainly arises from the pressure dependent dislocation emission from grain boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the strengthening mechanism of silicon carbide (SiC) particle acted as barrier for the motion of edge dislocation in copper (Cu) matrix nanocomposites under shear loading is investigated. The dislocation glide behavior and the dislocation-particle interaction accounting for the effect of the temperature and the particle size are discussed in terms of the stress-strain relationship, the crystal energy change, the stress distribution and the dislocation evaluation. The results show that the critical depinning stress and the critical depinning strain are found to vary significantly depending upon the temperature and the particle size, consistent with previous studies. Higher temperature or smaller particle results in lower critical depinning stress to allow dislocation to bypass particle. Moreover, the critical depinning stress from the current atomic study is lower than the theoretical value due to the presence of cross-slip and thermal activation. At low temperature the mechanical activation controls the depinning stress of the dislocation bypassing particle, while at high temperature the thermal activation dominates that. In addition, the trapping sites of dislocations for the dislocation multiplication are observed at high temperature or large particle, due to the lattice mismatch of particle taken as the dislocation source. Compared to the dislocation interacting with void or metal-particle, the interaction of dislocation and SiC-particle in Cu + SiC nanocomposite reveals much complex factors, such as the multiple glide planes, the nanosize effect, as well as the coupling effect of mechanical and thermal activation, on the strengthening mechanism. It maybe apply these results to a high throughput experimental design which provides the dense and targeted material data, to accelerate material discovery with the large-scale and low-cost fabrication strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two series of copper-lanthanide heterometallic coordination polymers (CPs), [LnCu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)0.5(H2O)3]·H2O [Ln = La (I), Pr (II), Nd (III), Sm (IV), Gd (V), and Eu (VI), 2,3-H2pydc = pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, H2suc = succinic acid], [Ln2Cu3(2,3-pydc)6(H2O)10]·8H2O [Ln = Eu (VII), Tb (VIII), Dy (IX), and Er (X)], [Ln2Cu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)(μ2-OH)2(H2O)2]·2H2O [Ln = Er (XI), Yb (XII), and Lu (XIII)], [Ln2Cu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)2(H2O)6]·2H2O [Ln = Sm (1), Eu (2), Gd (3), Tb (4), Dy (5), and Er (6)], and Ln2Cu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)2(H2O)2 [Ln = Er (7), Yb (8), and Lu (9)], were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal reactions of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, LnCl3·nH2O, 2,3-H2pydc, and H2suc. CPs 1–9 show two types of similar two-dimensional (2D) structures. In 1–9, the 2,3-pydc anions bridge the CuII ions into a one-dimensional (1D) loop chain, and the suc anions link the LnIII ions into a 1D double chain. The 1D loop chains and the 1D double chains connect each other to generate a 2D layer. The adjacent 2D layers are further packed into a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular architecture by hydrogen-bonding interactions. CPs 4 and 6 display ferromagnetic interactions between the paramagnetic centers, and CP 5 shows a field-induced slow magnetic relaxation behavior. The structures and magnetic properties of I–XIII have been reported in previous work (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2016, 1060). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copper is a trace metal nutrient essential for most forms of life. The dysregulation of copper homeostasis is associated with various diseases, such as Menkes disease, Alzheimer's disease, Wilson disease, gastrointestinal disorders, and kidney damage. Therefore, detection of copper ions in biological system is of great significance for fundamental study in biology and medicine field. To address this critical need, we herein developed a novel flavonoid-based bioprobe 6-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-2-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-3-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one ( DPA-FL ) for copper detection. The DPA-FL showed highly fluorescent response towards copper ions with a high tolerance of other competitive metal ions. The fluorescence intensity at 510 nm are linearly proportional to the amount of Cu 2+ from 0 to 10 μM with a detection limit lower than 100 nM (S/N rule). The intracellular recognition of copper ions was successfully achieved in HUVECs. Furthermore, the DPA-FL-Cu 2+ complex could also be used for secondary sensing of pyrophosphate in living cells, thus providing a powerful imaging tool for tracking of copper ions and pyrophosphate in biological system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical behavior of Yb(III) in LiCl–KCl–YbCl 3 melt was studied on inert W and reactive Cu electrodes by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and open circuit chronopotentiometry. The results indicated that the reduction of Yb(III) on W electrode takes place in only one step of Yb(III) to Yb(II). The system of Yb(II)/Yb(0) was not observed within the electrochemical windows, which inhibits the extraction of Yb from the melt on an inert electrode. In contrast, the electroreduction of Yb(II) occured at a more positive potential on Cu electrode than that on W electrode, due to the formation of various Yb–Cu intermetallic compounds. The extraction of ytterbium on Cu electrode was performed by galvanostatic and potentiostatic electrolysis to prepare Yb–Cu alloys, respectively. These samples were characterized by X–ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). XRD results showed that the Yb-Cu compounds, YbCu, YbCu 2 , YbCu 5 , YbCu 6.5 and Yb 0.1 Cu 0.99, were obtained. The working electrode was replaced and characterized by SEM and XRD during electroextraction every 3 h. It was found that thermodynamic metastable phase was easily formed even if the concentration of Yb(III) decreases to 3.95 × 10 −8 mol cm −3 in LiCl–KCl melt. The extraction efficiency was about 99.9% for Yb(III) after potentiostatic electrolysis at −2.3 V for 18 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of copper-lanthanide heterometallic coordination polymers (CPs), [LnCu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)0.5(H2O)3] ·H2O [Ln = La ( 1), Pr ( 2), Nd ( 3), Sm ( 4), Gd ( 5), and Eu ( 6), 2,3-H2pydc = pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, H2suc = succinic acid], [Ln2Cu3(2,3-pydc)6(H2O)10] ·8H2O [Ln = Eu ( 7), Tb ( 8), Dy ( 9), and Er ( 10)], and [Ln2Cu(2,3-pydc)2(suc)(µ2-OH)2(H2O)2] ·2H2O [Ln = Er ( 11), Yb ( 12), and Lu ( 13)], were synthesized by the hydrothermal reactions of LnCl3 · nH2O, Cu(NO3)2 ·3H2O, pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (2,3-H2pydc), and N, N′-di(4 H-1,2,4-triazole)butanamide (dtb). CPs 1- 13 possess three types of three-dimensional (3D) frameworks. In 1- 6, the dinuclear Cu2(2,3-pydc)4 and Ln2(COO)2 units link to each other to form two-dimensional (2D) layers, which are extended by the suc anions into a 3D framework. In 7- 10, the lanthanide ions connect the trinuclear Cu3(2,3-pydc)6 units into a 3D framework. In 11- 13, the mononuclear Cu(2,3-pydc)2 units bridge the one-dimensional (1D) lanthanide chains into 2D layers, which are linked by the suc anions into a 3D framework. CP 9 shows a field-induced slow magnetic relaxation behavior with a Ueff value of 83.7 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel oriented linear porous metal (OLPM) with high porosity was fabricated through solid-sintering method with cutting copper fibers. In this study, tensile experiments were conducted to investigate the fracture process of the OLPM and the effects of porosity and sintering parameters on the tensile properties. The typical tensile stress-strain plot of this material was obtained based on a large number of tensile test results. The plot can be divided into three stages, namely, initial linear elastic stage, plastic deformation stage, and tensile fracture stage. Based on the results, the fracture mechanism of the OLPM was further studied. Moreover, the porosity and sintering parameters were also varied to investigate their influence on the tensile properties. Tensile strength and plastic deformation were found to decrease with increasing porosity ranging from 70% to 90%. A higher sintering temperature produced a higher tensile strength for the OLPM sintered in the temperature range of 700°C–900°C, but the strength decreased at 1000°C. In addition, the extension of holding time could also slightly affect the tensile strength. Finally, the tensile properties of the OLPM are significantly higher than those of commercial porous metal and porous metal fiber sintered sheet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three series of copper-lanthanide/lanthanide coordination polymers (CPs) LnIIICuIICuI(bct)3(H2O)2 [Ln=La ( 1), Ce ( 2), Pr ( 3), Nd ( 4), Sm ( 5), Eu ( 6), Gd ( 7), Tb ( 8), Dy ( 9), Er ( 10), Yb ( 11), and Lu ( 12), H2bct=2,5-bis(carboxymethylmercapto)-1,3,4-thiadiazole acid], LnIIICuI(bct)2 [Ln=Ce ( 2 a), Pr ( 3 a), Nd ( 4 a), Sm ( 5 a), Eu ( 6 a), Gd ( 7 a), Tb ( 8 a), Dy ( 9 a), Er ( 10 a), Yb ( 11 a), and Lu ( 12 a)], and LnIII2(bct)3(H2O)5 [Ln=La ( 1 b), Ce ( 2 b), Pr ( 3 b), Nd ( 4 b), Sm ( 5 b), Eu ( 6 b), Gd ( 7 b), Tb ( 8 b), and Dy ( 9 b)] have been successfully constructed under hydrothermal conditions by modulating the reaction time. Structural characterization has revealed that CPs 1- 12 possess a unique one-dimensional (1D) strip-shaped structure containing two types of double-helical chains and a double-helical channel. CPs 2 a- 12 a show a three-dimensional (3D) framework formed by CuI linking two types of homochiral layers with double-helical channels. CPs 1 b- 9 b exhibit a 3D framework with single-helical channels. CPs 6 b and 8 b display visible red and green luminescence of the EuIII and TbIII ions, respectively, sensitized by the bct ligand, and microsecond-level lifetimes. CP 8 b shows a rare magnetic transition between short-range ferromagnetic ordering at 110 K and long-range ferromagnetic ordering below 10 K. CPs 9 a and 9 b display field-induced single-chain magnet (SCM) and/or single-molecule magnet (SMM) behaviors, with Ueff values of 51.7 and 36.5 K, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six salts, ([(H2L1)(ZnCl4)] (1) (L1 = 1,1′-bis(benzimidazolyl)methane), [(H2L1)(CuCl4)]·H2O (2), [(H2L2)(ZnCl4)] (3) (L2 = 1-(3-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)propyl)-1H-benzimidazole), [( H2L2)(CuCl4)] (4), [(H2L3)(CuCl4)]·H2O (5) (L3 = 1- (4-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)butyl)-1H-benzimidazole), and [(H2L4)(ZnCl4)]·H2O (6) (L4 = 3,6-bis(imidazol-1-yl)pyridazine)), derived from bis(benzimidazole)/bis(imidazole) and metal(II) chloride dihydrate (zinc(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride dihydrate) were prepared and characterized by IR, X-ray structure analysis, elemental analysis, and TG analysis. The aromatic rings of the cations in all of the compounds are planar. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that all the complexes have 3-D layer network structures built from hydrogen bonds between the cations and chlorometallate anions. Water molecules also play an important role in structure extension in2,5,and6. The arrangements of the anions and cations in their solid state are dominated not only by size and symmetry of the cations, but also by the non-covalent interactions existing in the crystal structures. Due to the weak interactions, the compound displays 3-D layer structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel extended architecture based on unprecedented decamolybdate unit and Cu 3 cluster, (NH 4 ) 2 n [Cu 3 (atrz) 6 Mo 10 O 34 ] n (1) (atrz = 4H-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole), has been synthesized under the hydrothermal conditions. The decamolybdate unit in 1 represents an unprecedented type {Mo 10 O 34 } skeleton and is composed of γ-octamolybdate subunit capped two {MoO 6 } octahedra at corners by sharing three oxygen atoms. The capped {MoO 6 } octahedra of decamolybdates and the external copper ions of the linear trinuclear cation [Cu 3 (atrz) 6 ] 6 + further connect alternately to form a 1D chain. Magnetic measurement reveals the antiferromagnetic interactions among the Cu 3 cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been used to study tensile deformation of nanocrystalline copper with mean grain sizes from 2.1 to 11.5nm. The flow stress, yield stress and Young's modulus are proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of grain size. They decrease as the grain size is reduced. Grain rotation and grain boundary migration are observed, which are two major causes of grain coarsening during the deformation. Notable grain coarsening is only observed at mean grain sizes below a critical grain size which is dependent on the strain rate. This coarsening is due to the extensive ordering of atoms in grain boundaries induced by grain boundary migration. Deformation twin forms much easily in very small grains. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on Cu nanowires (CuNWs) modified graphene transparent electrode (GTE) was developed as a substitute for indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode or glassy carbon electrode (GCE). GTE was prepared by four steps on the polyethylene terephthalate sheet, and then Cu nanowires were deposited onto GTE to achieve the hybrid electrode of CuNWs/GTE by spin-coating. The morphology and phase structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray power diffraction, respectively. The resistance and electrochemical properties of CuNWs/GTE were investigated by four point probe and cyclic voltammetry, respectively. Results indicated that the as-prepared sensor showed higher electrocatalytic activity toward glucose than pristine CuNWs and GTE; The sensor also showed wider linear response for glucose over concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 6.0mM with a sensitivity of 1100μA/(mMcm2), low detection limit of 1.6μM (S/N=3), and excellent anti-interference ability. More importantly, the as-prepared sensor had the similar or even better performances compared to those reported on ITO and GCE. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A copper-catalyzed formylation reaction has been developed by employing oxygen (O2) as the clean oxidant. The CH bonds of indoles were C-3-formylated by tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and water (H2O; in situ formed and external added water) as the carbonyl source in moderate to good yields with good functional group tolerance. Thus, it represents a facile procedure leading to 3-formylindoles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A copper(II) complex based on a V-shaped ligand, 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine (bbp), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molecular conductivity, 1H NMR, IR, UV-Vis spectra, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of [Cu(bbp)2](pic)2 · 2DMF (pic = picrate) shows copper is six-coordinate forming a distorted octahedron. The interaction between Cu(II) complex and DNA was investigated by spectrophotometric methods and viscosity measurement. The experimental results suggest that the Cu(II) complex binds to DNA via intercalation. Antioxidant assay in vitro also shows that the Cu(II) complex possesses significant antioxidant activities. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: Poly(ether ether ketone)/carbon fiber composites (PEEK/Cf) were chemical etched by Cr2O3/H2SO4 solution, electroless plated with copper and then electroplated with nickel. The effects of chemical etching time and temperature on the adhesive strength between PEEK/Cf and Cu/Ni layers were studied by thermal shock method. The electrical resistance of some samples was measured. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the surface composition and functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe the surface morphology of the composite, the chemical etched sample, the plated sample and the peeled metal layer. The results indicated that Ccreased after chemical etching. With the increasing of etching temperature and time, more and more cracks and partially exposed carbon fibers appeared at the surface of PEEK/Cf composites, and the adhesive strength increased consequently. When the composites were etched at 60°C for 25min and at 70–80°C for more than 15min, the Cu/Ni metallization layer could withstand four thermal shock cycles without bubbling, and the electrical resistivity of the metal layer of these samples increased with the increasing of etching temperature and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]