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Titanium has been widely used as a bone implant material due to its high mechanical strength and good biocompatibility. However, implant-related infections and insufficient osteogenic activity can lead to implant failure or delay patient recovery. With this in mind, we fabricated one multifunctional implant coating material, PDA-NOate@CuS. In the as-developed material, CuS, deposited in the outermost layer, not only significantly improved the photothermal properties of polydopamine (PDA), but also released Cu ions to effectively prevent bacterial adhesion. The NO-donor (NOate) under near-infrared irradiation generated NO which strengthened the antibacterial effect of materials. The in vitro antibacterial experiments proved that PDA-NOate@CuS displayed an excellent S. aureus and E. coli inhibitory effect. MC3T3-E1 cell experiment results showed that PDA-NOate@CuS promoted cell adhesion, growth and mineralization. Moreover, the in vivo study demonstrated that a titanium implant coated with Ti@PDA-NOate/CuS markedly enhanced osseointegration and inhibited infection, with good biocompatibility. The present study paves the way for developing novel materials for implant modification, which would benefit the treatment of orthopedic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • CO 2 reduction to CO on Cu(1 1 1), CuO(1 1 1) and Cu 2 O(1 1 1) surfaces is studied by DFT. • The favored pathway for CO 2 reduction to CO in three Cu-based catalysts is determined. • Cu 2 O(1 1 1) exhibits the best catalytic activity among the three catalysts. The rational design of copper (Cu)-based catalysts with different oxidation states is essential to achieve highly selective and efficient CO 2 electroreduction. However, the effect of different oxide states of Cu-based catalysts has rarely been studied. Herein, the reaction mechanism of CO 2 hydrogenation into CO on Cu-based catalysts with different oxidation states, such as Cu(1 1 1), Cu 2 O(1 1 1) and CuO(1 1 1), was studied using the density functional theory. The most favored pathway for CO production and the rate-controlling step on the three catalyst models were determined. The results show that, Cu 2 O (1 1 1) shows the best catalytic activity among the three catalysts due to the lowest activation barrier. The electronic structure analysis shows that Cu 2 O has the proper electronic structure to activate CO 2 which is further reduced to CO. This work provides an important insight on the effect of oxidation state of Cu-based catalysts on the reduction of CO 2 to CO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Alternative methods for the resource utilization of municipal sludge and red mud. • Ammonium oxalate was applied to the activation of sludge and red mud for the first time, which provided amino functional groups and reduction. • Fe 2 O 3 in the red mud is reduced to Fe 3 O 4 and Fe0 during co-pyrolysis, biochar obtained in situ magnetization. • The actual adsorption capacity of adsorbent SRMBC-750 was 242.62 mg/g, which exhibited excellent adsorption capacity for Cu2+. In this study, municipal sludge and red mud were used as raw materials to prepare spontaneous magnetic biochar (SRMC-750) for the adsorption of Cu2+ from wastewater. The experimental findings demonstrated that the maximum actual adsorption capacity was 242.62 mg/g at 25 °C and pH 5. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model. The potential adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic attraction, complexation, cation-exchange, and "cation-π". After five adsorption cycles, SRMBC-750 still had 75% removal efficiency for Cu2+. Overall, SRMBC-750 provides a potential pathway for the removal of Cu2+ from wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]