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A polymaleic acid dye based on poly(maleic anhydride) was synthesised and evaluated in the dyeing of cotton. A series of dyeing auxiliaries were examined, and results showed that a composite auxiliary agent consisting of 20 g/l of zinc nitrate and 30 g/l of dicyandiamide was the most effective when a conventional pad-dry-cure dyeing process was used. The fixation could reach 99% and the wash and dry rub fastness could reach grade 4 and grade 4-5 respectively. The decrease in tearing strength of the dyed cotton was between 17.8 and 32.1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the dyeing method of a sulphur black dye containing carboxylic acid groups on cotton was investigated. A dip–pad–bake dyeing process was applied and dyeing conditions were examined in detail. Thermal gravimetric analysis was used to determine both the baking temperature and the dehydrant selection. Fastness properties of the sulphur black dye containing carboxylic acid groups were tested. It is concluded that the sulphur black dye not only has good dyeing performance, but also possesses good fastness properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Polycarboxylic acid Black was applied to dyeing of cotton and acted as wrinkle resistant finishing agent through the bonding between the cotton and the dye. Thermal gravimetry and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to investigate the dyeing mechanism and methods of color stripping, fiber dissolving in cuprammonia and fiber oxidation were employed to indirectly testify the ester linkage of the fiber and the dye. Dyeing properties were examined to show that Polycarboxylic acid Black could realize high fixation, good fastness properties and improved wrinkle resistance on cotton. Also, Polycarboxylic acid Black can be completely utilized by cycle dyeing due to the stability of the dye. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]