Search

Understanding genotype-environment interactions and trait relationships is pivotal for guiding breeding efforts aimed at stabilizing cotton varieties across diverse environments while boosting yield and fiber quality. The study aimed to assess genotypic variability and stability in 10 agronomic and fiber quality traits across four environments (Anyang in 2020 and 2021 and Weixian in 2020 and 2021) for three parental lines (ZR014121, CCRI60, and EZ60) and their corresponding 498 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations. The results indicated that the analysis of variance showed significant genotype and genotype-by-environment effects for all measured traits. Analysis of correlation revealed highly significant positive correlations between seed cotton yield and each of boll weight (r = 0.95), lint yield (r = 0.90), and between boll weight and lint yield (r = 0.90), while highly significant negative correlations were noticed between fiber maturity and fiber elongation (r = −0.52) and between fiber length and lint percentage (r = −0.38). Furthermore, the weighted average of absolute scores (WAASB) was calculated for each trait, revealing moderate to high stability for some yield traits and fiber quality parameters. Also, the multi-trait stability index (MTSI) applied to these RILs populations identified G13 as the most stable line (MTSI = 5.5) and S23 as the least stable (MTSI = 12.1). Selecting 25 RILs with the lowest MTSI values (5.5–6.47) revealed elite stable lines with favorable trait values, providing a valuable genetic resource for developing high-performance cotton cultivars in diverse environments. • The stability of cotton varieties was revealed across diverse environments. • Seed cotton yield correlated positively with boll weight and lint yield. • WAASB and MTSI demonstrate robust analyses of genotypic variability and stability. • The study provides insights into stable line identification and trait interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recombinant inbred lines of inter-specific cross, Gossypium hirsutum cv. DS-28 × G. barbadense cv. SBYF-425 was evaluated in three consecutive rainy seasons of 2017–18 (F13), 2018–19 (F14) and 2019–20 (F15) in an augmented design. The preponderance of huge continuous variability for both productivity and fiber quality traits was recorded. The principal component analysis revealed that the mapping population was well suited for mapping of productivity and fiber quality traits. On the basis the Z-scores for skewness and kurtosis, 178 RILs with normal distribution were selected for genetic linkage mapping. A high-density saturated linkage map was constructed using SNP arrays of CottonSNP63K, an Illumina's infinium array and CottonSNP50K, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute's Axiom array with a total spanned length of 2402.65 cM, an average marker density of 1.54 and with map coverage of 96.99% of the reference genome. The developed genetic map of inter specific cross of Indian cotton varieties is a highly saturated in terms of coverage and highly comparable to the published maps. In QTL analysis, altogether 99 QTLs were identified for productivity and fiber quality traits. Among those, eight were stable and 38 were major QTLs. Cluster 1, 4 and 6 respectively on chromosome AD_chr.03, AD_chr.14 and AD_chr.18 were the biggest QTL clusters each with four QTLs and cluster 4 and 6 were QTL hotspots for fiber quality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tillage system is a critical factor that limits plant growth and production all over the globe. The current study was to evaluate the performance of cotton cultivars and appropriate planting system for higher crop production in Punjab, Pakistan. Two factors; cultivars and planting system were examined under RCBD along four repeats. “CIM-602 cultivar” had the highest yield traits i.e. plant height, number of bolls/ plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield, lint yield, biological yield and seed cotton harvest. The excellent increase was shown in yield and phenological attributes of cotton cultivars under bed sowing compared to all other studied planting systems. Regarding the cultivars, the higher fiber related attributes such as fiber fineness, fiber uniformity, fiber elongation, fiber strength and micronaire were measured in “CIM-602 cultivar” as compared to “CIM-678cultivar”. The bed sowing provides the best fiber quality as compared to other planting systems. Economic analysis confirmed that bed sowing is best planting system which provides higher output to farmers with little input. It has been concluded that from present study, “CIM-602” is good cultivar and provides higher production, while bed sowing is suitable planting system for cotton production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gene introgression from wild species has been shown to be a feasible approach for fiber quality improvement in Upland cotton. Previously, we developed an interspecific G. mustelinum · G. hirsutumadvancedbackcross population and mapped over one hundredQTL for fiber quality traits. In the current study, a trait-based selective genotyping approach was utilized to prioritize a small subset of introgression lines with high phenotypic values for different fiber quality traits, to simultaneously validate multiple fiber quality QTL in a single experiment. A total of 75 QTL were detected by CIM and/or single-marker analysis, including 11 significant marker-trait associations (P, 0.001) and three putative associations (P, 0.005) also reported in earlier studies. The QTL that have been validated include three each for fiber length, micronaire, and elongation, and one each for fiber strength and uniformity. Collectively, about 10% of the QTL previously reported have been validated here, indicating that selective genotyping has the potential to validate multiple marker-trait associations for different traits, especially those with a moderate to large-effect detected simultaneously in one experimental population. TheG. mustelinumalleles contributed to improved fiber quality for all validated loci. The results fromthis study will lay the foundation for further fine mapping, marker-assisted selection and map-based gene cloning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of association between genotypic markers and phenotypic traits allows identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which can be applied through marker-assisted selection in breeding programs to improve the quality of crops. However, success in these applications depends primarily on the stability and dominance of the QTL. We previously identified a significant fiber length (FL) QTL on chromosome (Chr.) D11 based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population in upland cotton. In this report, we conducted mapping studies with two bi-parental populations to confirm the stability of the FL QTL on Chr. D11 and determine the magnitude of its effect on the fiber length phenotype. One of the F2 populations was developed from a cross between the longest fiber and the shortest fiber recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of the MAGIC population originally used for GWAS, whereas the second F2 population was created from a cross between two cotton lines Acala 1517–80 and JJ1145ne, which were not among the eleven MAGIC parental lines. The populations were grown in different environmental conditions. Genetic mapping of these populations confirmed the stability of the FL QTL on Chr. D11. The highest LOD scores of association with fiber length in both populations showed three SNP markers that resided within 360 kb of the QTL region on Chr. D11. Ten genes possessing non synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in their protein coding regions were identified in this region. RNAseq analysis detected activity in developing fiber tissue for seven of these candidate genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton fiber quality traits are controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL), and the improvement of these traits requires extensive germplasm. Herein, an Upland cotton cultivar from America, Acala Maxxa, was crossed with a local high fiber quality cultivar, Yumian 1, and 180 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were obtained. In order to dissect the genetic basis of fiber quality differences between these parents, a geneticmap containing 12116 SNP markers was constructed using the CottonSNP80K assay, which covered 3741.81 cM with an average distance of 0.31 cM between markers. Based on the genetic map and growouts in three environments, we detected a total of 104 QTL controlling fiber quality traits. Among these QTL, 25 were detected in all three environments and 35 in two environments. Meanwhile, 19 QTL clusters were also identified, and nine contained at least one stable QTL (detected in three environments for a given trait). These stable QTL or QTL clusters are priorities for fine mapping, identifying candidate genes, elaborating molecular mechanisms of fiber development, and application in cotton breeding programs by marker-assisted selection (MAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six short season cotton cultivars ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) were crossed in a dillalel crossing system to evaluate inheritance and interrelationship of phenotype and genotype of fiber quality traits (fiber length, uniformity index, fiber strength, micronaire and fiber elongation) and their correlation with earliness and yield traits. The study was carried out from year 2005 to 2008. The experiment design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Additive, dominance and epistasis effects were analyzed with ADAA model. The results showed that fiber quality traits were mainly controlled by dominant genetic effects and also had a definitely proportion additive genetic effects. Micronaire, fiber length, fiber strength and fiber elongation had the highest broad sense heritability (H) and by environment interaction (H) estimates, 0.618 (H) and 0.267 (H) for micronaire, 0.510 (H) and 0.287 (H) for fiber length, 0.452 (H) and 0.316 (H) for fiber strength, 0.294 (H) and 0.494(H) for fiber elongation, respectively. Narrow sense heritability (H) was 0.258 for fiber elongation, 0.136 for fiber length, 0.127 for fiber strength and 0.110 for micronaire. Some F hybrids (A×B), (A×A) and (B×A) for fiber length, F (A×B) and (B×B) for fiber strength, F (B×A), (A×B), (A×B), (B×A), (B×A) and (B×B) for micronaire and F (A×A), (A×A), (A×B), (A×B) and (B×A) for fiber elongation had significant positive heterozygous dominance effects and affected by environment. Some F hybrids (A×A), (A×B), (A×B), (B×A) and (B×A) for fiber length, (A×A), (A×B) and (A×B) for fiber strength, (A×A), (A×B), (A×B) and (B×B) for micronaire and (A×A), (A×B), (A×B) and (B×B) for fiber elongation had significant positive epistatic effects. Among fiber quality traits, fiber length with fiber strength, uniformity index with fiber strength and micronaire, fiber strength with micronaire showed a positive and significant correlation. Only elongation had a significant negative correlation with fiber quality traits. Fiber quality traits had a negative correlation with earliness traits except micronaire. Fiber length and strength showed a significant negative correlation with lint yield, lint yield before frost, lint percentage and boll number. Uniformity index, micronaire and fiber elongation had a significant positive correlation with yield traits except boll weight and lint percentage. The results showed that the higher the yield and the earlier the maturing and the worse the fiber quality. Therefore, selections of fiber properties and integration of high yield, good fiber quality and early maturing traits should be performed in higher generations in short season cotton variety breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification parents with yield as well as good fiber quality traits are essential for development hybrids in cotton. Combining ability is a powerful tool to discriminate between good and poor general combiners and for choosing appropriate parental lines to produce superior hybrids. Combining ability studies were carried out in cotton seed yield and fibre quality traits by utilizing 7 lines, 8 testers and their 56 hybrids obtained by line x tester analysis. The gca variance was greater than to sca variance for ginning percentage, 2.5% span length, micronaire value and seed cotton yield indicating the predominance of additive gene action whereas, uniformity ratio and bundle strength were predominantly under control of non-additive gene action. Parents Galama, CPD 420, BC 68-2, HAG 1055, LRA 5166 and LK 861 were found to be good general combiners for yield and at least one of the fiber quality traits. The crosses NA 1325 x L 604 and NA 1325 x 4084 were identified as good specific combiners for seed cotton yield and whereas the crosses IC 357063 x L 761, IC 357063 x LRA 5166, CPD 420 x L 761 and IC 357063 x JK 344 exhibited significant sca effects for fiber quality traits in desirable direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development in spinning technology, the improvement of cotton fiber quality is becoming more and more important. The main objective of this research was to construct a high-density genetic linkage map to facilitate marker assisted selection for fiber quality traits in upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). A genetic linkage map comprising 421 loci and covering 3814.3 cM, accounting for approximately 73.35% of the cotton genome, was constructed using an F population derived from cross GX1135 (P)×GX100-2 (P). Forty-four of 49 linkage groups were assigned to the 26 chromosomes. Fiber quality traits were investigated in F population sampled from individuals, and in F, and F generations sampled by lines from two sites and one respectively, and each followed a randomized complete block design with two replications. Thirty-nine quantitative trait loci were detected for five fiber quality traits with data from single environments (separate analysis each): 12 for fiber length, five for fiber uniformity, nine for fiber strength, seven for fiber elongation, and six for fiber micronaire, whereas 15 QTLs were found in combined analysis (data from means of different environments in F generation). Among these QTLs, qFL-chr5-2 and qFL-chr14-2 for fiber length were detected simultaneously in three generations (four environments) and verified further by combined analysis, and these QTLs should be useful for marker assisted selection to improve fiber quality in upland cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improvement of fiber quality is one of the priority themes in cotton breeding programs. Therefore, aspect of genetic progress, their rate and determination of correlation among fiber quality traits have an important role for planning future cotton breeding strategies. In this study, forty four cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, released between 1980 and 2009 in Turkey, were evaluated. High genetic variation was determined among cultivars for the investigated fiber quality traits. During the thirty years of cotton breeding studies, favorable genetic improvements were determined for 32,69 % spinning consistency index, 7,99 % fiber length, 2,96 % fiber uniformity, -39,66 % short fiber content, 21,07 % fiber strength and -12,59 % fiber fineness waits. Among the investigated traits, spinning consistency index, fiber length, fiber strength and fiber uniformity were positively correlated with each other. However, short fiber content and fiber fineness were negatively correlated with the above mentioned 4 fiber quality traits. This result indicated that aforesaid 6 fiber quality traits can be improved simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]