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Tibet is an important base of mineral resources in China, but its ecological environment is fragile. It is meaningful to study the countermeasures for the coordinated development of mineral resources development and environmental protection in Tibet. From two dimensions of the current situation of mineral resources and ecological environment, this paper discusses the endowment of mineral resources in Tibet, the current situation of mining development, the status of mining development, and the general situation of Tibet s ecological environment, environmental protection policies, and the concept of green mines. There is blind pursuit of economic benefits and unscientific ecological restoration during the process of mining resources development in Tibet. The development plan is vague, and the supervision is not well implemented. The technology lags and does not match the particular environment. An incomplete industrial chain of mining development weakens the problem of resource advantage. Strengthen scientific theoretical research and promote work practice. Insist on giving priority to ecological protection and practice "green mines". Clarify the mining development plan and improve the supervision mechanism. Innovate ideas and deeply study the utilization mode of mineral resources combining resource development with environmental protection. Provide a reference for the coordinated development of mining resources development and environmental protection in the Tibet Autonomous Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an urgent need to link grazing exclusion policy and the resulting benefits for fence layout management. However, policy implementation intensity and benefits are rarely considered together. Here, combining the changes in the rate of the livestock and fenced area, we constructed a grazing prohibition intensity (GPI) index that reflected the intensity of policy implementation. We also quantified ecosystem service benefits (ESBs), including net primary productivity (NPP) and soil conservation by the different models. Then, a new perspective in combination with ESBs and GPI was used to assess whether a fence layout is appropriate using the four–quadrant model and how to optimize a potentially unreasonable fence layout based on seven drivers. We found that the NPP and soil conservation service notably increased by 59% and 87%, respectively, in the total fenced area, after the implementation of the grazing exclusion program. The high values of ESBs and GPI were concentrated in the eastern and central‐eastern regions of the northern Tibet, respectively. Moreover, the potentially unreasonable fence layout accounted for 10% of the total fenced area, and was focused on meadow areas with a high human footprint. The area proportion of reasonable fence layout coupling ESBs and GPI increased by 20% compared with ESBs individually. Finally, an optimal potential unreasonable fence layout might reduce the mismatch between the ESB and GPI by considering countermeasures such as attention to the potential unreasonable fence layout, setting a target for supplying carbon sinks and soil and water conservation quantities and reducing the human footprint. Our study indicates the necessity of linking ESBs and GPI for fence layout management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tibet Autonomous Region is located in the southwest of China. As a special area with high altitude, low temperature, abundant and diverse resources, the development of agricultural modernization has itself development attribute and feature. Agricultural development area of Tibet mainly concentrates in the "one river and two streams" basin. In this paper, combining the development of modern agriculture on the plateau, the connotation and characteristics of the development of plateau modern agriculture are illustrated from the angle of environment economics. Based on the observation method, linking theory with practice and combining literature research method, descriptive study is conducted, and the specific problems in the development of plateau modern agriculture in the agricultural basin are found. For example, the development of agriculture in Tibet has low utilization rate of resources and unbalanced distribution, agricultural mechanization shows gradient development, productivity and agricultural extension are backward, efforts to promote innovation and science knowledge are not enough, agricultural pollution expands, and the awareness of environmental protection is low. In view of the above problems, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions: developing local advantage characteristic agriculture, developing cooperative economic organization, establishing the training promotion mode of theory combining with practice, establishing agricultural industry system of sightseeing tourism ecology. The research could provide theoretical suggestions for the future development of plateau modern agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]