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In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that Coronavirus (2019) (Covid-19) was recognized as a global epidemic. In late 2019, a new type of the coronavirus family, known as Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in Wuhan, China, called Covid-19. The Covid-19 epidemic has plunged the world into an unprecedented crisis, causing massive human and economic losses. As of July 6, 2020, this global outbreak has caused more than 167 million confirmed cases and more than 3.4 million deaths worldwide. The high rate of lung infection, long latency period, mild to moderate symptoms, cases that many people experience, or even cases of asymptomatic patients, has made Covid-19 a worrying disease. Challenges in addressing the illness involve the creation of vaccines, efficient large-scale manufacturing, and equitable global distribution. Nanotechnology can be regarded as a potential approach for both diagnosing and treating this hazardous virus. Nanoparticles, with their physicochemical properties, can be a promising treatment method to win the battle against coronaviruses. This review article aims to explore the disease of Covid-19 and the potential of nanotechnology as a bright and promising pathway for the diagnosis, drug delivery, and treatment of Covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of December 2019, a novel acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV2) appeared as the third unheard of outbreak of human coronavirus infection in the 21st century. First, in Wuhan, China, the novel SARS‐CoV2 was named by the World Health Organization (WHO), as 2019‐nCOV (COVID‐19), and spread extremely all over the world. SARS‐CoV2 is transmitted to individuals by human‐to‐human transmission leading to severe viral pneumonia and respiratory system injury. SARS‐CoV2 elicits infections from the common cold to severe conditions accompanied by lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and other organ destruction. There is a possibility of virus transmission from asymptomatic cases as active carriers, in addition to symptomatic ones, which is a crucial crisis of COVID‐19 that should be considered. Hence, paying more attention to the accurate and immediate diagnosis of suspected and infected cases can be a great help in preventing the rapid spread of the virus, improving the disease prognosis, and controlling the pandemic. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and up‐to‐date overview of the different types of Clinical and Para‐clinical diagnostic methods and their practical features, which can help understand better the applications and capacities of various diagnostic approaches for COVID‐19 infected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a pandemic of the new millennium. It was first reported in the Wuhan city, a huge metropolis of 11 million people in central China. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. The virus became named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), which was nomenclature by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Coronavirus is polymorphic spherical particles with spike like surface projections. The envelope of coronavirus consists of a lipid bilayer, where the four membrane protein is anchored i.e. S - spike, E - envelope, M - membrane, N - nucleocapsid. Inside envelop the N protein bound to the positive sense single stranded RNA (+ssRNA) genome. The size of the ssRNA genome is ?30000 nucleotide long. The coronavirus probably originated in bats, although it was not clear that how it was transmitted from bats to humans. In keeping with current evidence, coronavirus is transmitted between people through respiratory droplets and close contacts. RT-PCR is the most unique and sensitive for the detection of coronavirus and it is more beneficial for detecting the virus in the primary phase of the infection. It has been observed that there is no vaccine available for the treatment of coronavirus till now, but the S protein is presently considered to be one of the maximum promising targets for coronavirus vaccine development. Here, we review that the biology of the coronavirus in the term of an epidemiology, multiplication, diagnosis, transmission, prevention, treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]