14 results on '"He, Xuan"'
Search Results
2. Ad26.COV2.S and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ferritin nanoparticle vaccine protect against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 challenge in macaques.
- Author
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Yu J, Thomas PV, Sciacca M, Wu C, Liu J, He X, Miller J, Hachmann NP, Surve N, McMahan K, Jacob-Dolan C, Powers O, Hall K, Barrett J, Hope D, Mazurek CR, Murdza T, Chang WC, Golub E, Rees PA, Peterson CE, Hajduczki A, Chen WH, Martinez EJ, Hussin E, Lange C, Gong H, Matyas GR, Rao M, Suthar M, Boursiquot M, Cook A, Pessaint L, Lewis MG, Andersen H, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Joyce MG, Modjarrad K, and Barouch DH
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Macaca, Ad26COVS1, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Ferritins, COVID-19 prevention & control, Nanoparticles, Vaccines
- Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines demonstrate reduced protection against acquisition of BA.5 subvariant but are still effective against severe disease. However, immune correlates of protection against BA.5 remain unknown. We report the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of vaccine regimens consisting of the vector-based Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and the adjuvanted spike ferritin nanoparticle (SpFN) vaccine against a high-dose, mismatched Omicron BA.5 challenge in macaques. The SpFNx3 and Ad26 + SpFNx2 regimens elicit higher antibody responses than Ad26x3, whereas the Ad26 + SpFNx2 and Ad26x3 regimens induce higher CD8 T cell responses than SpFNx3. The Ad26 + SpFNx2 regimen elicits the highest CD4 T cell responses. All three regimens suppress peak and day 4 viral loads in the respiratory tract, which correlate with both humoral and cellular immune responses. This study demonstrates that both homologous and heterologous regimens involving Ad26.COV2.S and SpFN vaccines provide robust protection against a mismatched BA.5 challenge in macaques., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests D.H.B. is a co-inventor on provisional vaccine patents licensed to Janssen (63/121,482; 63/133,969; 63/135,182) and serves as a consultant to Pfizer. M.G.J. and K.M. are co-inventors on international patent application WO/2021/178971 A1 entitled “Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.” M.G.J. is a co-inventor on international patent application WO/2018/081318 and a US patent 10,960,070 entitled “Pre-fusion coronavirus spike proteins and their use.” K.M.’s current affiliation is Pfizer., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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3. Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques.
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Solforosi L, Costes LMM, Tolboom JTBM, McMahan K, Anioke T, Hope D, Murdza T, Sciacca M, Bouffard E, Barrett J, Wu C, Hachmann N, Miller J, Yu J, He X, Jacob-Dolan C, Huber SKR, Dekking L, Chamanza R, Choi Y, Boer KF, Barouch DH, Schuitemaker H, Zahn RC, and Wegmann F
- Subjects
- Female, Animals, Humans, Male, Ad26COVS1, COVID-19 Vaccines, Macaca, SARS-CoV-2, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19 prevention & control, Vaccines
- Abstract
Omicron spike (S) encoding vaccines as boosters, are a potential strategy to improve COVID-19 vaccine efficacy against Omicron. Here, macaques (mostly females) previously immunized with Ad26.COV2.S, are boosted with Ad26.COV2.S, Ad26.COV2.S.529 (encoding Omicron BA.1 S) or a 1:1 combination of both vaccines. All booster vaccinations elicit a rapid antibody titers increase against WA1/2020 and Omicron S. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 antibody responses are most effectively boosted by vaccines including Ad26.COV2.S.529. Independent of vaccine used, mostly WA1/2020-reactive or WA1/2020-Omicron BA.1 cross-reactive B cells are detected. Ad26.COV2.S.529 containing boosters provide only slightly higher protection of the lower respiratory tract against Omicron BA.1 challenge compared with Ad26.COV2.S-only booster. Antibodies and cellular immune responses are identified as complementary correlates of protection. Overall, a booster with an Omicron-spike based vaccine provide only moderately improved immune responses and protection compared with the original Wuhan-Hu-1-spike based vaccine, which still provide robust immune responses and protection against Omicron., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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4. CD8 T cells contribute to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in macaques.
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Liu J, Yu J, McMahan K, Jacob-Dolan C, He X, Giffin V, Wu C, Sciacca M, Powers O, Nampanya F, Miller J, Lifton M, Hope D, Hall K, Hachmann NP, Chung B, Anioke T, Li W, Muench J, Gamblin A, Boursiquot M, Cook A, Lewis MG, Andersen H, and Barouch DH
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- Animals, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Macaca mulatta, Ad26COVS1, Viral Vaccines, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Spike-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are generally considered key correlates of vaccine protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recently, robust vaccine prevention of severe disease with SARS-CoV-2 variants that largely escape NAb responses has been reported, suggesting a role for other immune parameters for virologic control. However, direct data demonstrating a role of CD8
+ T cells in vaccine protection have not yet been reported. In this study, we show that vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells contribute substantially to virologic control after SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. We vaccinated 30 macaques with a single immunization of the adenovirus vector-based vaccine Ad26.COV2.S or sham and then challenged them with 5 × 105 median tissue culture infectious dose SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) by the intranasal and intratracheal routes. All vaccinated animals were infected by this high-dose challenge but showed rapid virologic control in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage by day 4 after challenge. However, administration of an anti-CD8α- or anti-CD8β-depleting monoclonal antibody in vaccinated animals before SARS-CoV-2 challenge resulted in higher levels of peak and day 4 virus in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. These data demonstrate that CD8+ T cells contribute substantially to vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques.- Published
- 2022
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5. Durability of Heterologous and Homologous COVID-19 Vaccine Boosts.
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Tan CS, Collier AY, Yu J, Liu J, Chandrashekar A, McMahan K, Jacob-Dolan C, He X, Roy V, Hauser BM, Munt JE, Mallory ML, Mattocks M, Powers JM, Meganck RM, Rowe M, Hemond R, Bondzie EA, Jaegle KH, Baric RS, Schmidt AG, Alter G, Le Gars M, Sadoff J, and Barouch DH
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- Ad26COVS1, Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing, BNT162 Vaccine, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Male, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccines, Synthetic, mRNA Vaccines, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 Vaccines
- Abstract
Importance: Antibody responses elicited by current messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines decline rapidly and require repeated boosting., Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity and durability of heterologous and homologous prime-boost regimens involving the adenovirus vector vaccine Ad26.COV2.S and the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2., Design, Setting, and Participants: In this cohort study at a single clinical site in Boston, Massachusetts, 68 individuals who were vaccinated at least 6 months previously with 2 immunizations of BNT162b2 were boosted with either Ad26.COV2.S or BNT162b2. Enrollment of participants occurred from August 12, 2021, to October 25, 2021, and this study involved 4 months of follow-up. Data analysis was performed from November 2021 to February 2022., Exposures: Participants who were previously vaccinated with BNT162b2 received a boost with either Ad26.COV2.S or BNT162b2., Main Outcomes and Measures: Humoral immune responses were assessed by neutralizing, binding, and functional antibody responses for 16 weeks following the boost. CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses were evaluated by intracellular cytokine staining assays., Results: Among 68 participants who were originally vaccinated with BNT162b2 and boosted with Ad26.COV2.S (41 participants; median [range] age, 36 [23-84] years) or BNT162b2 (27 participants; median [range] age, 35 [23-76] years), 56 participants (82%) were female, 7 (10%) were Asian, 4 (6%) were Black, 4 (6%) were Hispanic or Latino, 3 (4%) were more than 1 race, and 53 (78%) were White. Both vaccines were found to be associated with increased humoral and cellular immune responses, including against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. BNT162b2 boosting was associated with a rapid increase of Omicron neutralizing antibodies that peaked at a median (IQR) titer of 1018 (699-1646) at week 2 and declined by 6.9-fold to a median (IQR) titer of 148 (95-266) by week 16. Ad26.COV2.S boosting was associated with increased Omicron neutralizing antibodies titers that peaked at a median (IQR) of 859 (467-1838) week 4 and declined by 2.1-fold to a median (IQR) of 403 (208-1130) by week 16., Conclusions and Relevance: Heterologous Ad26.COV2.S boosting was associated with durable humoral and cellular immune responses in individuals who originally received the BNT162b2 vaccine. These data suggest potential benefits of heterologous prime-boost vaccine regimens for SARS-CoV-2.
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- 2022
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6. Application of genetic algorithm combined with improved SEIR model in predicting the epidemic trend of COVID-19, China.
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Qiu Z, Sun Y, He X, Wei J, Zhou R, Bai J, and Du S
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- Algorithms, China epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Humans, COVID-19 epidemiology, Epidemics prevention & control
- Abstract
Since the outbreak of the 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at the end of 2019, it has caused great adverse effects on the whole world, and it has been hindering the global economy. It is ergent to establish an infectious disease model for the current COVID-19 epidemic to predict the trend of the epidemic. Based on the SEIR model, the improved SEIR models were established with considering the incubation period, the isolated population, and genetic algorithm (GA) parameter optimization method. The improved SEIR models can predict the trend of the epidemic situation better and obtain the more accurate epidemic-related parameters. Comparing some key parameters, it is capable to evaluate the impact of different epidemic prevention measures and the implementation of different epidemic prevention levels on the COVID-19, which has significant guidance for further epidemic prevention measures., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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7. Vaccine protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in macaques.
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Chandrashekar A, Yu J, McMahan K, Jacob-Dolan C, Liu J, He X, Hope D, Anioke T, Barrett J, Chung B, Hachmann NP, Lifton M, Miller J, Powers O, Sciacca M, Sellers D, Siamatu M, Surve N, VanWyk H, Wan H, Wu C, Pessaint L, Valentin D, Van Ry A, Muench J, Boursiquot M, Cook A, Velasco J, Teow E, Boon ACM, Suthar MS, Jain N, Martinot AJ, Lewis MG, Andersen H, and Barouch DH
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- Ad26COVS1 administration & dosage, Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, BNT162 Vaccine administration & dosage, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Ad26COVS1 immunology, BNT162 Vaccine immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Macaca, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, including in highly vaccinated populations, has raised important questions about the efficacy of current vaccines. In this study, we show that the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine and the adenovirus-vector-based Ad26.COV2.S vaccine provide robust protection against high-dose challenge with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in cynomolgus macaques. We vaccinated 30 macaques with homologous and heterologous prime-boost regimens with BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S. Following Omicron challenge, vaccinated macaques demonstrated rapid control of virus in bronchoalveolar lavage, and most vaccinated animals also controlled virus in nasal swabs. However, 4 vaccinated animals that had moderate Omicron-neutralizing antibody titers and undetectable Omicron CD8+ T cell responses failed to control virus in the upper respiratory tract. Moreover, virologic control correlated with both antibody and T cell responses. These data suggest that both humoral and cellular immune responses contribute to vaccine protection against a highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests D.H.B. is a co-inventor on provisional vaccine patents licensed to Janssen (63/121,482; 63/133,969; 63/135,182) and serves as a consultant to Pfizer. The authors report no other conflict of interest. A.C.M.B. has received funding from Abbvie for the commercial development of SARS-CoV-2 mAbs., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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8. A homologous or variant booster vaccine after Ad26.COV2.S immunization enhances SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques.
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He X, Aid M, Chandrashekar A, Yu J, McMahan K, Wegmann F, Jacob-Dolan C, Maron JS, Atyeo C, Wan H, Sellers D, Liu J, Lifton M, Gardner S, Bondzie EA, Barrett J, Ahmad K, Anioke T, Yalley-Ogunro J, Muench J, Goode A, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Alter G, Schuitemaker H, Zahn R, and Barouch DH
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, Macaca mulatta, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Ad26COVS1 immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, Immunity, Humoral, Immunization, Secondary, SARS-CoV-2
- Abstract
Ad26.COV2.S has demonstrated durability and clinical efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 in humans. In this study, we report the correlates of durability of humoral and cellular immune responses in 20 rhesus macaques immunized with single-shot Ad26.COV2.S and the immunogenicity of a booster shot at 8 to 10 months after the initial immunization. Ad26.COV2.S elicited durable binding and neutralizing antibodies as well as memory B cells and long-lived bone marrow plasma cells. Innate immune responses and bone marrow plasma cell responses correlated with durable antibody responses. After Ad26.COV2.S boost immunization, binding and neutralizing antibody responses against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants increased 31- to 69-fold and 23- to 43-fold, respectively, compared with preboost concentrations. Antigen-specific B cell and T cell responses also increased substantially after the boost immunization. Boosting with a modified Ad26.COV2.S.351 vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from the beta variant led to largely comparable responses with slightly higher beta- and omicron-specific humoral immune responses. These data demonstrate that a late boost with Ad26.COV2.S or Ad26.COV2.S.351 resulted in a marked increase in humoral and cellular immune responses that were highly cross-reactive across multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants in rhesus macaques.
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- 2022
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9. Scalable biomimetic SARS-CoV‑2 nanovaccines with robust protective immune responses.
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Chen X, Shi T, Yang C, Chen F, He X, Zhang K, Hu H, Cai L, Leong KW, and Shao D
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- Biomimetics, Humans, Immunity, Viral Envelope Proteins, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
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- 2022
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10. Optimization of non-coding regions for a non-modified mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.
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Gebre MS, Rauch S, Roth N, Yu J, Chandrashekar A, Mercado NB, He X, Liu J, McMahan K, Martinot A, Martinez DR, Giffin V, Hope D, Patel S, Sellers D, Sanborn O, Barrett J, Liu X, Cole AC, Pessaint L, Valentin D, Flinchbaugh Z, Yalley-Ogunro J, Muench J, Brown R, Cook A, Teow E, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Boon ACM, Baric RS, Mueller SO, Petsch B, and Barouch DH
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- Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, BNT162 Vaccine immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 virology, COVID-19 Vaccines standards, Female, Macaca fascicularis immunology, Male, Memory B Cells immunology, Nucleosides genetics, Respiratory System immunology, Respiratory System virology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, Vaccines, Synthetic standards, Viral Load, mRNA Vaccines standards, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 Vaccines genetics, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Nucleosides chemistry, Vaccines, Synthetic genetics, Vaccines, Synthetic immunology, mRNA Vaccines genetics, mRNA Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
The CVnCoV (CureVac) mRNA vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was recently evaluated in a phase 2b/3 efficacy trial in humans
1 . CV2CoV is a second-generation mRNA vaccine containing non-modified nucleosides but with optimized non-coding regions and enhanced antigen expression. Here we report the results of a head-to-head comparison of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of CVnCoV and CV2CoV in non-human primates. We immunized 18 cynomolgus macaques with two doses of 12 μg lipid nanoparticle-formulated CVnCoV or CV2CoV or with sham (n = 6 per group). Compared with CVnCoV, CV2CoV induced substantially higher titres of binding and neutralizing antibodies, memory B cell responses and T cell responses as well as more potent neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the Delta variant. Moreover, CV2CoV was found to be comparably immunogenic to the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) vaccine in macaques. Although CVnCoV provided partial protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, CV2CoV afforded more robust protection with markedly lower viral loads in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Binding and neutralizing antibody titres were correlated with protective efficacy. These data demonstrate that optimization of non-coding regions can greatly improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a non-modified mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in non-human primates., (© 2021. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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11. Low-dose Ad26.COV2.S protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques.
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He X, Chandrashekar A, Zahn R, Wegmann F, Yu J, Mercado NB, McMahan K, Martinot AJ, Piedra-Mora C, Beecy S, Ducat S, Chamanza R, Huber SR, van Heerden M, van der Fits L, Borducchi EN, Lifton M, Liu J, Nampanya F, Patel S, Peter L, Tostanoski LH, Pessaint L, Van Ry A, Finneyfrock B, Velasco J, Teow E, Brown R, Cook A, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Schuitemaker H, and Barouch DH
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- Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology, Antibodies, Viral immunology, B-Lymphocytes immunology, Female, Immunogenicity, Vaccine immunology, Immunologic Memory immunology, Macaca mulatta, Male, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, Vaccination methods, Adenoviridae immunology, COVID-19 immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Viral Vaccines immunology
- Abstract
We previously reported that a single immunization with an adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26)-vector-based vaccine expressing an optimized SARS-CoV-2 spike (Ad26.COV2.S) protected rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. To evaluate reduced doses of Ad26.COV2.S, 30 rhesus macaques were immunized once with 1 × 10
11 , 5 × 1010 , 1.125 × 1010 , or 2 × 109 viral particles (vp) Ad26.COV2.S or sham and were challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine doses as low as 2 × 109 vp provided robust protection in bronchoalveolar lavage, whereas doses of 1.125 × 1010 vp were required for protection in nasal swabs. Activated memory B cells and binding or neutralizing antibody titers following vaccination correlated with protective efficacy. At suboptimal vaccine doses, viral breakthrough was observed but did not show enhancement of disease. These data demonstrate that a single immunization with relatively low dose of Ad26.COV2.S effectively protected against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques, although a higher vaccine dose may be required for protection in the upper respiratory tract., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests D.H.B., R.Z., F.W., and H.S are co-inventors on provisional vaccine patents (63/121,482; 63/133,969; 63/135,182). R.Z., F.W., S.R.H., M.v.H., L.v.d.F., and H.S. are employees of Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV and may hold stock in Johnson & Johnson., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
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12. Immune Imprinting and Implications for COVID-19.
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Zhou, Zhiqian, Barrett, Julia, and He, Xuan
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IMMUNOLOGIC memory ,COVID-19 ,VIRAL antigens ,B cells ,IMMUNE response ,PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY - Abstract
Immunological memory is the key source of protective immunity against pathogens. At the current stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, heterologous combinations of exposure to viral antigens during infection and/or vaccination shape a distinctive immunological memory. Immune imprinting, the downside of memory, might limit the generation of de novo immune response against variant infection or the response to the next-generation vaccines. Here, we review mechanistic basis of immune imprinting by focusing on B cell immunobiology and discuss the extent to which immune imprinting is harmful, as well as its effect on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Mental health and psychological impact of COVID-19: Potential high-risk factors among different groups
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Lijie Mi, Yufeng Jiang, He Xuan, and Yafeng Zhou
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China ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Preventive Psychiatry ,Risk Assessment ,Vulnerable Populations ,Sex Factors ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Environmental health ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Letter to the Editor ,Psychological impact ,General Psychology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Mental Disorders ,Age Factors ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,High risk factors ,Mental health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Mental Health ,business - Published
- 2020
14. Therapeutic Agents Rounding Up the Immunopathology of COVID-19.
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Li, Hong Peng, He, Xuan, Zhang, Liu, Li, Chuan Xiang, Li, Shi Qi, and Li, Qing Yun
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COVID-19 , *COVID-19 pandemic , *IMMUNOPATHOLOGY , *ADULT respiratory distress syndrome , *COVID-19 treatment - Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 3 million deaths globally during the past year. The direct attack from SARS-CoV-2 and hyperactivated immune response contribute to the progress and deterioration of COVID-19. After the virus invades, the activation and release of cytokines/chemokines cause "cytokine storm", leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organs dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Eliminating virus and blocking cytokines are important checkpoints of COVID-19 therapy, and several agents targeting immunopathology, including interferons, thymosin, glucocorticoids and immunoglobulin, have shown therapeutic effects in severe patients with COVID-19. Herein, we reviewed the practice evidences and concluded that several agents rounding up the immunopathology of COVID-19 may be the alternative approaches under the scenario of the lacking of effective antiviral drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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