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Purpose. The Spine Functional Index (SFI) was developed to assess spinal function based on the idea of a single kinetic chain concept for the entire spine. The SFI has been translated into Spanish, Turkish, Simplified Chinese, Korean, Persian and Polish with accepted psychometric properties. The aim of this study is to translate and culturally adapt the SFI into Italian language and to verify the construct validity and reliability of this version. Methods. The English version of the SFI has been translated according to international guidelines. The measurement properties (construct validity and reliability) have been tested according to COSMIN checklists. A total of 230 patients were included in this study. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to analyze structural validity. Cronbach's α was calculated to assess the internal consistency and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was calculated to estimate the reliability. The Functional Rating Index (FRI), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Neck Disability Index (NDI), the EuroQol Health Questionnaire 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess the validity of the construct. Results. All the items were similar in meaning to the originals. EFA showed a mono-factorial structure. Cronbach's α was 0.743 and the ICC was 0.914 (95%CI 0.864-0.945). The Pearson's Correlation Coefficient showed significant correlations (p < 0.01) between SFI and FRI, ODI, NDI, EQ-5D and VAS items. Conclusions. The study provided an Italian version of the SFI with good reliability and construct validity. The results of current study suggest that the Italian version of the SFI can be applied by physicians and researchers to measure the spine functional status in Italian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The Back Pain Functional Scale is a scale to assess disability in Low Back Pain patients. The purpose of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the BPFS from the original English language into Italian. Materials and methods. Translation and cultural adaptation have been performed following international guidelines. 170 italian-speaking subjects with low back pain were recruited; 58 of them also performed the re-test. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's Alpha and test-retest reliability was assessed by calculating the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Exploratory factor analysis and was performed to assess the construct validity and the correlation with other clinical scales was observed through Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results. High internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.912) and very good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.956) were found. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed statistically significant correlations (p < 0.01) with the BPFS, FRI and ODI. Conclusions. The Italian version of the BPFS showed with good reliability and construct validity. This scale can be considered for the assessment of functional disability in subjects with LBP: short, intuitive and easy to understand. It can certainly be used for both clinical practice and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The Back Pain Functional Scale is a scale to assess disability in Low Back Pain patients. The purpose of this study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the BPFS from the original English language into Italian. Materials and methods. Translation and cultural adaptation have been performed following international guidelines. 170 italian-speaking subjects with low back pain were recruited; 58 of them also performed the re-test. Internal consistency was assessed by calculating Cronbach's Alpha and test-retest reliability was assessed by calculating the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Exploratory factor analysis and was performed to assess the construct validity and the correlation with other clinical scales was observed through Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results. High internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.912) and very good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.956) were found. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed statistically significant correlations (p < 0.01) with the BPFS, FRI and ODI. Conclusions. The Italian version of the BPFS showed with good reliability and construct validity. This scale can be considered for the assessment of functional disability in subjects with LBP: short, intuitive and easy to understand. It can certainly be used for both clinical practice and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Low back pain and neck pain are musculoskeletal disorders with the highest prevalence in the adult population. Spinal practices usually use formal questionnaires to asses and quantify pain and disability in people that suffer from back and neck pain, the aim of this study was to describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the English Total Disability Index (TDI) - which is a more universal disability assessment - into Italian version. Methods. The English version of the TDI has been translated according to international guidelines. The measurement properties (construct validity and reliability) have been tested according to COSMIN checklists. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to analyze structural validity. Cronbach's α was calculated to assess the internal consistency and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was calculated to estimate the reliability. The Functional Rating Index (FRI), the EuroQol Health Questionnaire 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess the validity of the construct. Results. All the items were similar in meaning to the originals. EFA showed a mono-factorial structure. Cronbach's α was 0.857 and the ICC was 0.821. The Pearson's Correlation Coefficient showed significant correlations (p < 0.01) between SFI and FRI, EQ-5D and VAS items. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, we suggest the use of TDI in daily clinical practice, also promoting its continuation in the field of scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]