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Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), utilizing ultrasound (US) as the trigger, has gained popularity recently as a therapeutic approach with significant potential for treating various diseases. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by structural flexibility, are prominently emerging in the SDT realm as an innovative type of sonosensitizer, offering functional tunability and biocompatibility. However, due to the inherent limitations of MOFs, such as low reactivity to reactive oxygen species and challenges posed by the complex tumor microenvironment, MOF-based sonosensitizers with singular functions are unable to demonstrate the desired therapeutic efficacy and may pose risks of toxicity, limiting their biological applications to superficial tissues. MOFs generally possess distinctive crystalline structures and properties, and their controlled coordination environments provide a flexible platform for exploring structure-effect relationships and guiding the design and development of MOF-based nanomaterials to unlock their broader potential in biological fields. The primary focus of this paper is to summarize cases involving the modification of different MOF materials and the innovative strategies developed for various complex conditions. The paper outlines the diverse application areas of functionalized MOF-based sonosensitizers in tumor synergistic therapies, highlighting the extensive prospects of SDT. Additionally, challenges confronting SDT are briefly summarized to stimulate increased scientific interest in the practical application of MOFs and the successful clinical translation of SDT. Through these discussions, we strive to foster advancements that lead to early-stage clinical benefits for patients. 1. An overview for the progresses in SDT explored from a novel and fundamental perspective. 2. Different modification strategies to improve the MOFs-mediated SDT efficacy are provided. 3. Guidelines for the design of multifunctional MOFs-based sonosensitizers are offered. 4. Powerful tumor ablation potential is reflected in SDT-led synergistic therapies. 5. Future challenges in the field of MOFs-based SDT in clinical translation are suggested. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we report two new TPE‐based 3D MOFs, that is, Sr‐ETTB and Co‐ETTB (TPE=Tetraphenylethylene, H8ETTB=4′,4′′′,4′′′′′,4′′′′′′′‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis(([1,1′‐biphenyl]‐3,5‐dicarboxylic acid))). Through tailoring outer shell electron configurations of SrII and CoII cations, the fluorescence intensity of the MOFs is tuned from high emission to complete non‐emission. Sr‐ETTB with strong blue fluorescence shows reversible fluorescence variations in response to pressure and temperature, which is directly related to the reversible deformation of the crystal structure. In addition, non‐emissive Co‐ETTB counterpart exhibits a turn‐on fluorescent enhancement under the stimulation of analyte histidine. In the process, TPE‐cored linkers in the MOFs are released through competitive coordination substitution and subsequently reassembled to perform aggregation‐induced luminescence behavior originated from the organic linkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mineralizer is a key factor in the hydrothermal crystallization of most metal oxide materials. However, the effect of mineralizer on crystal facet growth is not well understood. Herein, YbFeO3 is taken as a model compound to determine the effect of mineralizer on its shape evolution during a mild hydrothermal crystallization process. By adjusting the concentration and ratio of NaOH and KOH, the shapes of YbFeO3 crystals showed two different facet formation routes: NaOH stabilizes {110} and {002} facets, while KOH stabilizes {101} facets. The percentage of each family of crystal facets could be tailored by changing the concentrations of mineralizer and NH4+. The shape formation mechanism of YbFeO3 was analyzed based on Bravais–Friedel–Donnay–Harker theory, in addition to their facet structures and interactions between crystal facets and Na+, K+ and NH4+. This study will not only improve understanding of the role of mineralizers in oxide crystallization, but also provide a crystal facet controllable method for the hydrothermal synthesis of oxide materials with potential anisotropy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the potential of ferroelectric (FE) photovoltaics. Topics discussed include technique to modify the physical and chemical properties in material science; relationship between crystal structure and its physical property; and the pressure effects on the photoelectric properties of FE materials along with the x-ray diffraction (XRD).

High-quality AgGaSe2 nanocrystals with a novel orthorhombic structure have been successfully prepared via a facile colloidal synthesis method, and the crystalline phase can be tuned by adjusting the concentration of oleylamine and the reactant mole ratio of selenium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, a hierarchical porous carbon microtubes (CMTs) coated by carbon skeleton was prepared simply and the better role of carbon skeleton in increasing the capacity of CMTs was also investigated. SEM, XRD and XPS were used to character the morphology, crystal structure and the functional group of CMTs and CMTs-coated carbon skeleton. Electrochemistry of materials was conducted by CV and constant-current techniques. The results show that the carbon skeleton improves the electric conductivity of materials and thus a better stability of capacity during charge and discharge was obtained (from 81.2 to 97.1% of original specific capacitance after 10000 GCD cycles at 1 A g −1 ), although the high specific surface area were altered weakly (1159 m 2  g −1 ). Besides, the incorporated nitrogen-containing functional group can increase the gravimetric capacitance of materials from 253 F g −1 to 278 F g −1 , with the volumetric capacitance up to 152 F cm −3 . The adequate utilization of nature characteristic of biomass and the simple synthesis of stable carbon skeleton offers a good alternative route for advance CMTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, Ce 3+ singly doped, Ce 3+ /Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ /K + co-doped BaSiF 6 phosphors have been synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. Colour-emitting may be varied by changing relative intensities of Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ through energy transfer in BaSiF 6 phosphors. We found that HF and H 3 PO 4 could facilitate the dissolution of SiO 2 under hydrothermal condition and obtained pure BaSiF 6 host material. The crystal structure and the composition were analysed, and the morphology was examined. Furthermore, the corresponding photoluminescence properties of the rare earth doped BaSiF 6 were characterized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using a triazol-functionalized tricarboxylate, three novel metal coordination polymers, namely, [Zn 2 L(OH)]·0.5H 2 O ( 1 ), [Co 2 L(OH)(H 2 O)]·5.5H 2 O ( 2 ) , [Cu 2 (HL)] ( 3 ) L = ［5-(3-(4-carboxyphenyl)−5-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)isophthalate］ were synthesized under hydrothermal reactions. All the compounds were characterized by element analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, power X-ray diffrcation and single-crystal X-ray diffrcation. Structural analysis reveals that compounds 1 and 2 have 3D networks with flu topologies where rigid trizaol-functionalized ligands as 4-connected nodes and Zn 4 (COO) 6 or Co 4 (COO) 6 clusters serves as 8-connected secondary building units. Compound 3 has 3D network with pcu topology where Cu 4 (COO) 4 clusters serve as 6-connected secondary building units. Gas adsorption studies reveal that desolvated compoud 1 exhibits high H 2 absorption capacity at 77 K and highly selective separation abilities of CO 2 and C 3 H 8 over CH 4 at room temperature. The results suggest that 1 has potential application in gas storage and separation. In addition, the magnetic properties of compound 2 were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perovskite K 0.85 Ba 0.15 TaO 3+0.075 nanocrystallites have been synthesized by mild hydrothermal method for the first time. The powder X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the crystallographic structure is a primitive cubic, space group Pm-3m with a unit cell edge a =4.00 Å. Heavily Ba doped in K-site was achieved in the perovskite structure with excess oxygen to balance the charge. The chemical substitution changes the crystal structure and electronic structure of KTaO 3 , which has an impact on its polarization property and induce a ferroelectric phase. The temperature-dependent dielectric response from 300 K to 600 K and hysteresis loop at 300 K provide direct evidence for the ferroelectric character. Its Curie temperature has been obtained from relative dielectric and thermal analysis ( T C =460 K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The first organically templated molybdenum iodates (C5H6N)2Mo2O5(IO3)4(H2O)2 (1), (C10H8N2)[MoO2(IO3)3]·H3O (2), and uranium iodate (C5H5N)2[(UO2)(IO3)3](IO3) (3), have been successfully synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 is simple zero-dimensional units consisting of [(Mo2O5(IO3)4)]2− anions, which can be described as a tetranuclear unit hanged on either side by two [IO3] groups. The [Mo2O5(IO3)4]2− anions are in a close connection through the water molecules and protonated pyridine cations, via hydrogen bonds and intermolecular actions. Compound 2 is built up from [MoO6] octahedra and [IO3] pyramids to two-dimensional layers, in which 4,4′-bipy molecules and water cations are located, forming strong hydrogen bonds with the inorganic framework, leading to pseudo three-dimensional structure. Compound 3 is one-dimensional ribbons containing {[(UO2)(IO3)3](IO3)}2− anions and charge neutrality is achieved by the protonated 4,4′-bipy cations, which reside between two ribbons, forming hydrogen bonds with the inorganic framework and resulting in pseudo two-dimensional structure. Crystal data are as follows: (C5H6N)2Mo2O5(IO3)4(H2O)2 (1), orthorhombic, Pnma, a =24.097(5)Å, b =13.532(3)Å, c =7.836(16)Å, Z =4, V =2555.2(9)Å3; (C10H8N2)[MoO2(IO3)3]·H3O (2), monoclinic, C2/c, a =24.176(5)Å, b =10.751(2)Å, c =7.5074(15)Å, β =107.44(3)°, Z =8, V =1861.6(6)Å3; (C5H5N)2[(UO2)(IO3)3](IO3) (3), monoclinic, P21/n, a =14.430(3)Å, b =7.3459(15)Å, c =19.811(4)Å, β =106.70(3)°, Z =4, V =2011.3(7)Å3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Coordination polymers containing lanthanides with tartaric acid [Ln2(C4H4O6)3(H2O)3]·1.5H2O (Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and C4H4O6 = d(−) or l(+) tartrate anion) have been synthesized using hydrothermal techniques and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds are all isotypic with a monoclinic crystal system in the P21/n space group. The asymmetric units of coordination polymers contain two metal centers having different coordination environments. One metal is bonded to four tartrate groups having three d and one l isomers (or three l and one d isomers), whereas the other metal is bonded to five tartrate groups having two d and three l isomers (or two l and three d isomers). Each trivalent metal center is coordinated to nine oxygen atoms that originate from carboxylate and hydroxyl groups of the tartrate anions and water molecules. These new polymers have three-dimensional structures containing open channels that are occupied by non-coordinating water molecules. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses and adsorption of nitrogen have also been studied for these compounds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The hydrothermal reaction of 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (H2PDC), diethylene triamine and In(NO3)3·4.5H2O gave rise to a two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer In(OH)(2,5-PDC). This compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Iba2, with cell parameters, a =12.656(3)Å, b =20.114(4)Å, c =6.2216(1)Å, V =1583.9(5)Å3 and Z =8. Its structure contains one-dimensional In–O–In–O– chains, which are further linked by 2,5-PDC ligands into a 2D supramolecular neutral framework. The adjacent 2D layers are parallel with each other and construct a three-dimensional framework via hydrogen bands. At room temperature, the compound exhibits intense photoluminescence. On the basis of the results of TG/DTA analyses, the structure is thermally stable up to ∼390°C. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A new molybdenum complex (C4H12N2)2[(MoV 2O4)(MoVIO4)(C2O4)2]·2H2O, was solvothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of the compound consists of oxalate acid-coordinated mixed-valent [MoV 2O4][MoVIO4] helical chains and protonated piperazine cations. The helical chains are built up from the [MoV 2O4] units and [MoVIO4] tetrahedral. The central axis about helical chain is a 2-fold screw axis. The compound crystallizes in the space group P21/n of monoclinic system with a =11.396(2)Å, b =14.107(3)Å, c =15.805(3)Å, β =102.09(3)°, V =2484.6(9)Å3, Z =4. Other characterizations by elemental analysis, IR, and thermal analysis for this compound are also given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Employing 4,4′-bipyridine as a bridged ligand, a new three-dimensional (3-D) hybrid zinc phosphate [Zn2(HPO4)2(4,4′-bipy)]·3H2O has been prepared under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with cell parameters, , , , , and . The connectivity of the ZnO3N and HPO4 tetrahedra results in a 2-D neutral layer that with interesting 4,82 net along the bc plane. Furthermore, the 4,4′-bipyridine molecule links the 4,82 net into a 3-D structure. The water molecules sit in the middle of the channels and interact with the framework via hydrogen bonds. The compound exhibits intense photoluminescence at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An organically templated zinc-substituted gallium phosphite, [H3N(CH2)2NH3]1/2 ·[GaZn(HPO3)3(H2O)2] was synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions in the presence of ethylenediamine (en) as structure-directing agent and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn with unit cell parameters: a =18.6146(10)Å, b =11.0454(6)Å, c =10.9074(4)Å, V =2242.62(19)Å3 and Z =8. This compound has a three-dimensional framework built up from secondary building units (SBU) of Ga(III) (or Zn(II)) and HPO3 pseudopyramid by sharing vertices. The structure displays a two-dimensional channel system running along the [001] and [010] direction with 5-, 8- and 10-membered rings. The diprotonated ethylenediamine template molecules are located in the channels. In this structure, some of the Ga(III) sites are occupied by Zn(II) atoms. The compound was also characterized by IR spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), differential thermal and thermogravimetric analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two new copper coordination polymers generated from mixed organic ligands 4,4′-bipydine and 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate [Cu3(1,2,4-BTC)2(4,4′-bipy)(H2O)4] 1 and [Cu(1,2,4-HBTC)(4,4′-bipy)] 2 (1,2,4-BTC=1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate) have been prepared hydrothermally and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric space group , with , , , , and . Its structure contains two different one-dimensional (1-D) chains for the Cu ions, namely and ; the carboxylate of 1,2,4-BTC ligands links the two different 1-D chains into an interesting steplike neutral framework. Compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group , with , , , , , . Its structure contains novel paddle-wheel clusters Cu2(CO2)4(4,4′-bipy)2 as SBUs which are further linked by monoprotonated 1,2,4-BTC ligands into a 2-D neutral framework. The magnetic behaviors of both compounds have been studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A new three-dimensional organically templated [C4N2H12]0.5·[Zn3(HPO3)4]·H3O was hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The three-dimensional framework is built up from two-dimensional layers with 4.8-membered rings and one-dimensional chains of 4-membered rings. The structure has strictly alternating ZnO4 tetrahedra and HPO3 pseudo pyramids which are linked through their vertices giving rise to the three-dimensional architecture with 8,12-membered ring channels. The protonated water molecules and diprotonated piperazine are located in the 8-membered and 12-membered channels, respectively. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P21/n with cell parameters, a=9.6739(16) A˚, b=8.4528(13) A˚, c=20.257(4) A˚, β=97.966(5)°, Z=4, R=0.023, and Rw=0.060. It was characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction, differential thermal-thermogravimetric analyses, IR spectroscopy and proton-decoupled 31P MAS NMR solid-state spectroscopy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A dinuclear oxovanadium compound [V2O2(l-his)2(2,2′-bipy)2]·[C2H6O2 ·(2,2′-bipy)] was synthesized under hydrothermal condition and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallography revealed that each vanadium center is six coordinated and adopts a distorted octahedral structure. IR spectroscopy, ESR spectrum and magnetic susceptibility data for this compound are given. X-band ESR spectroscopy of the sample indicated the existence of vanadium(IV) ions in the compound. The temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility data showed the presence of a ferromagnetic coupling between the two V(IV) ions in the range 4–180K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A novel copper coordination polymer, Cu(H2O)(1,3-BDC) · H2O was synthesized by a mixed solvothermal reaction of cupric acetate with 1,3-BDC and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This compound crystallizes in a tetragonal space group P4/nmm with cell parameters a=19.1411(5) A˚, c=6.7881(2) A˚, and Z=8. Its structure contains paddle-wheel-like bi-copper clusters with the pseudo-octahedral centers of Cu(II) ion, Cu2O8(H2O)2. Every 1,3-BDC fragment links two such clusters to yield a two-dimensional open structure. It was also characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma analysis, differential thermal and thermal gravimetric analyses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]