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• The first-ever identification of twin structures within TiC in SiC f /Ti 2 AlNb composite interfaces. • The interfacial reaction products of the composites are TiC and α 2. • Interfacial elemental interdiffusion leading to the presence of Al atoms in the TiC layer. • Al atoms reduced the SFE of TiC, which is beneficial for the formation and stability of Σ3{1 1 1} twin boundaries. SiC f /Ti 2 AlNb composites were fabricated using the magnetron sputtering precursor wires method in conjunction with the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technique. The morphology, elemental distribution, and structural characteristics of the interfacial reaction layer (RL) were examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS). The results showed that the interface between SiC fibers and Ti 2 AlNb reacted to form TiC and α 2. Due to the interdiffusion of elements at the interface, a small amount of Al atoms existed in the TiC layer. These Al atoms reduced the stacking fault energy (SFE) of TiC, which is beneficial for the formation and stability of Σ3{1 1 1} twin boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]