16 results on '"Grimaldi, Renato"'
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2. Low sat-structured fats enriched in alpha-linolenic acid : physicochemical properties and crystallization characteristics
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Stahl, Marcella Aparecida, 1986, Masuchi, Monise Helen, 1985, Grimaldi, Renato, 1962, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, 1950, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, 1979, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Linseed oil ,Low saturated fat ,Crystallization modifiers ,Canola oil ,Lipid structuring ,Palm oil ,Sorbitan monostearate ,Fully hydrogenated soybean oil ,Lipid crystals ,Estruturação lipídica ,Óleo de canola ,Cristalização ,Artigo original ,Structuring oil ,Crystallization - Abstract
Agradecimentos: The authors are grateful for the financial support received from the Brazilian Fundo de Apoio ao Ensino, a Pesquisa e a Extensao (Project PAPDIC-FAEPEX-Proc. 1413) Abstract: This work sought to obtain and evaluate zero trans-fat reduced in saturated fatty acids, with higher content of unsaturated fatty acids. Palm oil (PO) was used as the reference of zero trans lipid base. Different amounts of linseed oil (LO) were added to PO, obtaining the following blends: 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 20:80 and 0:100 of PO:LO (w/w%), respectively. These blends were added to fully hydrogenated soybean oil (FHSO) as the crystallization modifying agent, and to sorbitan monostearate (SMS) as the structuring element, both at a proportion of 3% to build the structured fractions. The control and the structured blends were evaluated for fatty acid composition, solid fat content, consistency, crystallization kinetics, thermal behavior, microstructure and polymorphism. With the addition of LO to the PO, an increase of up to 80% was observed in the content of alpha-linolenic acid and a reduction of saturated fatty acids to 47% in the blends. FHSO and SMS offered thermal resistance to the blends, with relevant changes in the crystallization kinetics and microstructure, affecting macroscopic characteristics with the increase in consistence. It was possible to obtain a lipid formulation with features of plasticity and enhanced nutritional quality, compatible with several food applications Fechado
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- 2017
3. Characterization of lipid systems based on fully hydrogenated soybean and high oleic sunflower oils to obtain nanostructured lipid carriers.
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Lüdtke, Fernanda Luisa, Stahl, Marcella Aparecida, Grimaldi, Renato, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, and Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan
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SUNFLOWER seed oil ,UNSATURATED fatty acids ,SOY oil ,SOYBEAN ,LIPIDS ,CHEMICAL resistance - Abstract
Resistance to chemical degradation, a melting point above body temperature, biodegradability, and generally regarded as safe status are prerequisites for a lipid matrix to produce nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). This study aimed to evaluate the composition and physical and crystallization properties of lipid systems composed of fully hydrogenated soybean oil (FHSO) and high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO). The lipid systems were characterized by their composition in fatty acids and triacylglycerol (TAG), thermal behavior during melting and crystallization, solid fat content (SFC), microscopical features, and polymorphism. Elevated HOSO in lipid systems promoted an increase in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and di- and tri-unsaturated TAG, a reduction in SFC and in crystalized areas and variations in thermal behavior. Excepted lipid system 10:90 FHSO:HOSO (w/w), all systems exhibited polymorphic stabilization in β form after 60 days. Findings of the present study demonstrated that the raw materials are compatible for the formulation of NLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Addition of olein from milk fat positively affects the firmness of butter.
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Queirós, Mayara S., Grimaldi, Renato, and Gigante, Mirna L.
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MILKFAT , *OLEIC acid , *BUTTER , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *ATMOSPHERIC temperature , *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry , *DAIRY cream - Abstract
Butter is highly valued for its characteristic flavor and aroma; however, it has the disadvantage of unsatisfactory spreadability at low temperatures. The functional characteristics of butter can be modified by changing its composition or physical structure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of olein on structure and composition of butter. Olein was obtained by two stage dry fractionation process of the anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and added to commercial cream prior to butter manufacture. The fractions were characterized for triacylglycerols composition, solid fat content, crystallization isotherm, and thermal behavior. Butter was manufactured using commercial cream or cream containing 50% olein. Butter samples were characterized for physicochemical composition, instrumental color, crystallization parameters, and firmness after 1 and 7 days of storage at 10 °C. The firmness of butter subjected to room temperature was also evaluated. Butter containing olein differed significantly from the control and had darker yellow color, higher crystallization time, and lower solid fat content after 120 min at 15 °C, and hence lower firmness after 1 and 7 days of refrigerated storage. Although lower firmness was observed over time for all samples at room temperature, butter containing olein exhibited lower firmness after both 1 and 7 days, thus suggesting changes in organization of solid fat crystal network in the liquid fat. The addition of olein to butter allowed obtaining a softer product, with more intense color and possible nutritional benefits due to the medium chain triglycerides and higher carotene levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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5. Effect of diacylglycerols on crystallization of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis).
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de Oliveira, Ingrid Franco, Grimaldi, Renato, and Gonçalves, Lireny Ap. G.
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DIGLYCERIDES , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *PALM oil , *ISOTHERMAL temperature , *TRIGLYCERIDES , *DIFFERENTIAL scanning calorimetry , *NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
The use of palm oil presents some technological problems, especially related to slow crystallization rate. In addition, the DAG content is related to quality of fruit palm. In this context, refined, bleached, and deodorized (RDB) palm oils from different regions of Brazil, Colombia, and Malaysia were characterized for fatty acid composition, TAG composition, solid fat content (SFC), isothermal crystallization by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and NMR, and content of partial glycerides. The levels of DAG found in the samples 01, 02, 03, 04, and 05 were 7.8, 6.0, 8.1, 7.3, and 8.5%, respectively. The results of SFC by NMR showed the great influence of DAG, showing an increase of SFC at initial temperatures in the purified samples and this increase is related to higher crystallization rate. The reduction of time induction in the isothermal crystallization by NMR showed that the effect of DAG is directly related to initial crystallization, while in samples with high trisaturated (SSS) content no change were noted. Furthermore, the absence of DAG suggested greater homogeneity of the sample crystallization in the isothermal by DSC. The use of all associated methodologies indicated that SSS TAG and DAG levels are decisive parameters, considering the crystallization aspects of fats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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6. Fats from Chemically Interesterified High-Oleic Sunflower Oil and Fully Hydrogenated Palm Oil.
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Masuchi, Monise Helen, Gandra, Kelly Moreira, Marangoni, André Luis, Sá Perenha, Cristiane, Chiu, Ming Chih, Grimaldi, Renato, and Gonçalves, Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo
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SUNFLOWER seed oil ,PALM oil ,ESTERIFICATION ,HYDROGENATION ,CRYSTALLIZATION ,MELTING points - Abstract
Chemical interesterification of different lipid materials has considerable potential for the production of a wide variety of special fats with improved functional and nutritional properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical interesterification of blends of high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and fully hydrogenated palm oil (FHPO) in the ratios (% w/w) of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. The blends were characterized in triacylglycerol composition, melting point, solid fat content and crystallization behavior, and some applications in food products were suggested. The interesterification altered the solid fat content, melting point and crystallization isotherm of the samples, after the levels of trisaturated triacylglycerols decreased and disaturated-monounsaturated and monosaturated-diunsaturated triacylglycerol contents increased, due to the randomization of fatty acids. The modification in the triacylglycerol composition promoted greater miscibility between the HOSO and FHPO fractions, creating new application possibilities for the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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7. High oleic sunflower oil and fully hydrogenated soybean oil nanostructured lipid carriers: Development and characterization.
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Lüdtke, Fernanda Luisa, Stahl, Marcella Aparecida, Grimaldi, Renato, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, Gigante, Mirna Lúcia, and Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan
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SUNFLOWER seed oil , *SOY oil , *EDIBLE fats & oils , *LIPIDS , *FATS & oils industries , *UNSATURATED fatty acids - Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles are among the most promising encapsulation technologies in the field of nanotechnology. As one of the main trends in the development of these structures, the use of edible and/or commercially available oils and fats in the food industry stands out, replacing synthetic lipid matrices, which are not as viable for food applications in terms of cost, availability, or regulatory aspects. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) using fully hydrogenated soybean oil (FHSO) and high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) as lipid matrices. NLC were formulated from different lipid systems, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80 FHSO:HOSO (w/w), using soy lecithin (SL), Tween 80, or whey protein isolate (WPI) as an emulsifier. The increase in the unsaturation degree of the FHSO:HOSO lipid system resulted in larger NLC when obtained with Tween 80 or SL, greater physical instability, and lower peak temperature and melting enthalpy. The increase in the unsaturation degree, however, did not change the polymorphic shape of NLC, which stabilized in the β form 48 h after their obtainment. Among the considered lipid systems, 80:20, 60:40, and 40:60 FHSO:HOSO (w/w) systems form stable particles, with crystallinity properties suitable for food incorporation. [Display omitted] • Nanostructured lipid carriers with different proportions of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids composed of edible oils were produced. • The emulsifiers used to obtain NLC (SL, Tween 80 and WPI) influenced the physicochemical characteristics of the nanocarriers. • The increase in the degree of unsaturation promoted the increase in particle size and physical instability of NLC. • Thermal behavior, polymorphism and SFC were governed by the composition of lipid systems. • High oleic sunflower oil and fully hydrogenated soybean oil formed robust crystallization systems to obtain NLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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8. Influence of chemical interesterification on thermal behavior, microstructure, polymorphism and crystallization properties of canola oil and fully hydrogenated cottonseed oil blends
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Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, Basso, Rodrigo Corrêa, Grimaldi, Renato, Gioielli, Luiz Antonio, dos Santos, Adenilson Oliveira, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, and Guaraldo Gonçalves, Lireny A.
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ESTERIFICATION , *MICROSTRUCTURE , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *CANOLA oil , *COTTONSEED oil , *POLYMORPHISM (Crystallography) , *HYDROGENATION - Abstract
Abstract: This work evaluated chemical interesterification of canola oil (CaO) and fully hydrogenated cottonseed oil (FHCSO) blends, with 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40%(w/w) FHCSO content. Interesterification produced reduction of trisaturated and increase in monounsaturated and diunsaturated triacylglycerols contents, which caused important changes in temperatures and enthalpies associated with the crystallization and melting thermograms. It was verified reduction in medium crystal diameter in all blends, in addition crystal morphology modification. Crystallization kinetics revealed that crystal formation induction period and maximum solid fat content were altered according to FHCSO content in original blends and as a result of random rearrangement. Changes in Avrami constant (k) and exponent (n) indicated, respectively, that interesterification decreased crystallization rates and altered crystalline morphology. However, X-ray diffraction analyses showed randomization did not change the original crystalline polymorphism. The original and interesterified blends had significant predominance of β′ polymorph, which is interesting for several food applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2009
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9. Physical properties of Amazonian fats and oils and their blends.
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Pereira, Ericsem, Ferreira, Marcela Cravo, Sampaio, Klicia Araújo, Grimaldi, Renato, Meirelles, Antonio José de Almeida, and Maximo, Guilherme José
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PALMITIC acid , *LIPIDS , *NANOPARTICLES , *HYDROGENATION , *UNSATURATED fatty acids - Abstract
Highlights • Bacuri fat is a natural source of palmitic acid, applicable in lipid nanoparticles. • Amazon oils present high MUFA/PUFA content and good oxidative stability. • Amazon fats could be good substitutes for hydrogenated oils. • Amazon fat/oil blends have interesting FA profiles and good nutritional indexes. • The designed blends broaden the range of applications of Amazonian fats and oils. Abstract Considering their diversity, this work evaluated physical properties of Amazonian fats/oils (murumuru, tucuma kernel, bacuri, pracaxi, patawa, and Brazil nut). Solid fat content (SFC) curves and crystallization/melting profiles were determined. We also explored the possibilities of combining these lipids into blends to improve their nutritional and technological aspects. Patawa, pracaxi, and Brazil nut oils presented high levels of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, displaying low atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes (0.10 and 0.18; 0.23 and 0.70; 0.20 and 0.42), respectively. The SFC curves showed that murumuru fat could be used as a cocoa butter replacer, whereas bacuri fat was found to be a promising alternative to hydrogenated oils in shortenings and spreads formulations. The blends expanded fats' melting ranges and enriched their fatty acid compositions from a nutritional standpoint. This work shows that these fats, oils and their blends may be suitable for developing new products in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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10. Obtenção e avaliação de micropartículas lipídicas por spray chilling, para aplicação em produto de base lipídica
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Moraes, Ingrid Franco de Oliveira, 1986, Gonçalves, Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo, 1951, Grimaldi, Renato, 1962, Ract, Juliana Neves Rodrigues, Gigante, Mirna Lúcia, Efraim, Priscilla, Vieira, Thais Maria Ferreira de Souza, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Micropartículas lípidicas ,Lipid microparticles ,Spray chilling ,Cristalização ,Chocolate ,Crystallization - Abstract
Orientadores: Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves, Renato Grimaldi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Resumo: O controle da cristalização em óleos e gorduras se faz necessário em inúmeros processos na indústria, uma vez que a qualidade dos cristais formados influenciam diretamente o produto final. Micropartículas lipídicas podem ser utilizadas como seedings, acelerando processos e induzindo a cristalização adequada. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo produzir e caracterizar micropartículas lipídicas por spray chilling utilizando blends de gorduras com ponto de fusão inferior ao de óleos totalmente hidrogenados (OTH), bem como avaliar o processo de a cristalização na produção de chocolates, eliminando a etapa de temperagem. Quatorze micropartículas foram produzidas e analisadas: Óleo de palma (OP) e óleo de palma totalmente hidrogenado (OPTH) 70:30; OP, OPTH e monoacilglicerol (MAG) 70:25:5; OP, OPTH e diacilglicerol (DAG) 70:25:5; OP, OPTH e MAG DAG 70:25:5; OP, OPTH e óleo de crambe totalmente hidrogenado (OCTH) 70:25:5; OP, OPTH e triestearato de sorbitana (STS) 70:25:5; OP, OPTH e monoestearato de sorbitana (SMS) 70:25:5; manteiga de cacau (MC) e OPTH 70:30; MC, OPTH e MAG 70:25:5; MC, OPTH e DAG 70:25:5; MC, OPTH e MAG + DAG 70:25:5; MC, OPTH e OCTH 70:25:5; MC, OPTH e STS 70:25:5; MC, OPTH e SMS 70:25:5. O OPTH foi avaliado puro também, como padrão. Nove micropartículas foram selecionadas para aplicação em chocolates: OPTH; OP OPTH; OP OPTH MAG DAG; OP OPTH MAG; OP OPTH STS; MC OPTH; MC OPTH MAG DAG; MC OPTH MAG e MC OPTH STS. Verificou-se que as micropartículas de MC influenciaram de forma acentuada a cristalização, o que não ocorreu para as micropartículas de OP, uma vez que o resfriamento empregado no processo de obtenção não foi suficiente para a estabilização da cristalização das micropartículas de MC. Através das avaliações por calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC), técnica que avalia os eventos de cristalização e fusão, pôde-se verificar que as micropartículas de OP são mais instáveis à fusão, forma polimórfica ?', quando comparadas às micropartículas de MC, forma ?. O uso de modificadores de cristalização (DAG, MAG DAG, OCTH, SMS e STS) em micropartículas de OP proporcionou alteração da forma polimórfica e o uso de MAG acarretou maior estabilidade a fusão de micropartículas de MC e OP. O uso de blends de MP's corroborou com aumento do diâmetro médio das micropartículas quando comparado a micropartículas constituídas por hidrogenados totais puros. Verificou-se que o uso destas micropartículas pode eliminar a etapa de temperagem convencional proporcionando menor aparecimento de fat bloom e aumento do snap test em chocolate. O uso de blends de OP ou MC juntamente com agentes modificadores de cristalização (OPTH, MAG, MAG DAG e STS) proporcionou melhoria na performance do produto final quando comparado ao uso de micropartículas de OPTH de forma isolada Abstract: The crystallization control in oils and fats is necessary in many industrial processes, because the quality of the formed crystals influences directly the final product. Lipid microparticles can be used as seedings, accelerating processes and inducing desirable crystallization. The aim of the present work was to produce and to characterize lipid microparticles produced by chilling spray using blends of fats with lower melting point than fully hydrogenated oils (FHO), as well as to study crystallization process of chocolates production, eliminating the tempering step. Fourteen microparticles were produced and analyzed: palm oil (PO) and fully hydrogenated palm oil (FHPO) 70:30; PO, FHPO and monoacylglycerol (MAG) 70: 25: 5; PO, FHPO and diacylglycerol (DAG) 70: 25: 5; PO, FHPO and MAG DAG 70: 25: 5; PO, FHPO and fully hydrogenated crambe oil (FHCO) 70: 25: 5; PO, FHPO and sorbitan tristearate (STS) 70: 25: 5; PO, FHPO and sorbitan monostearate (SMS) 70: 25: 5; cocoa butter (CB) and FHPO 70:30; CB, FHPO and MAG 70: 25: 5; CB, FHPO and DAG 70: 25: 5; CB, FHPO and MAG + DAG 70: 25: 5; CB, FHPO and FHCO 70: 25: 5; CB, FHPO and STS 70: 25: 5; CB, FHPO and SMS 70: 25: 5. FHPO was also avaluated pure, as standard. Nine microparticles were selected for applying in chocolate: FHPO; PO FHPO; PO FHPO MAG DAG; PO FHPO MAG; PO FHPO STS; CB FHPO; CB FHPO MAG DAG; CB FHPO MAG and CB FHPO STS. It was found that the CB microparticles exhibited relevant effect on crystallization, which did not occur for the PO microparticles, because the cooling used was enough for the microparticles crystallization. Through evaluations by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), technic that evaluable the melting and crystallization events, it was found that the PO microparticles are more unstable to melting, polymorphic form ?', when compared to the CB microparticles, ?-form. The use of crystallization modifiers (DAG, MAG DAG, FHPO, SMS and STS) in PO microparticles provided a change in the polymorphic form, and the use of MAG resulted in greater stability to the melting in the CB and PO microparticles. The use of raw materials blends corroborated with increase of the mean diameter of the microparticles when compared to microparticles formed by pure FHPO. It has been found that the use of microparticles can eliminate the conventional tempering step providing less appearance of fat bloom and increasing the snap test in chocolate. The use of PO or CB blends together with crystallization modifiers (FHPO, MAG, MAG DAG and STS) leads to improvement in the performance of the final product when compared to the use of pure FHPO microparticles Doutorado Tecnologia de Alimentos Doutora em Tecnologia de Alimentos CAPES
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- 2021
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11. Efeito da adição de monoésteres de sorbitana e de estearina da manteiga de cacau como modificadores de cristalização na produção de chocolate
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Masuchi, Monise Helen, 1985, Kieckbusch, Theo Guenter, 1942-2021, Grimaldi, Renato, 1962, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, Gandra, Kelly Moreira Bezerra, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, Gioielli, Luiz Antonio, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Fracionamento ,Manteiga de cacau ,Sorbitan esters ,Cristalização ,Cocoa butter ,Ésteres de sorbitana ,Fractionation ,Chocolate ,Crystallization - Abstract
Orientadores: Theo Guenter Kieckbusch, Renato Grimaldi Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química Resumo: O comportamento de cristalização da manteiga de cacau (MC) é um importante parâmetro estrutural no desenvolvimento de chocolates com significativa resistência à formação do fat bloom ¿ um defeito comum em chocolates, caracterizado pela superfície com aparência esbranquiçada e perda de brilho devido à recristalização lipídica local. Com o objetivo de controlar e estabilizar a formação cristalina da MC em chocolates, neste trabalho avaliou-se a influência da adição de monoésteres de sorbitana (monolaurato, monopalmitato, monoestearato e monooleato) e de estearina da manteiga de cacau (obtida por fracionamento da MC com solvente) no comportamento de cristalização e consistência, assim como na microestrutura e no polimorfismo da MC. Monoésteres de sorbitana em três diferentes concentrações (0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% m/m) foram adicionados em MC e seus possíveis efeitos como modificadores de cristalização foram avaliados. O monoestearato de sorbitana (SMS) apresentou-se como o estruturante mais efetivo entre todos os emulsificantes testados, cuja atuação foi atribuída a sua solubilidade em meio orgânico e capacidade de auto-montagem. A adição de 0,5% de SMS em MC promoveu aumento relevante na temperatura de início de cristalização da MC (de 19,3 para 21,6°C) e de 60% na consistência a 10°C, e o típico comportamento de cristalização isotérmica da manteiga de cacau na forma de um plateau foi atenuado. Em paralelo, o fracionamento da manteiga de cacau realizado a 17°C com adição de acetona (MC:solvente = 1:7) produziu uma estearina rica em triacilgliceróis monoinsaturados simétricos, que foi adicionada à MC em três diferentes proporções (95:5, 90:10 e 80:20, m/m) e seus principais atributos físico-químicos determinados. Comparada à MC pura, a mistura 80:20 apresentou aumento de 67% na consistência à 10°C e taxa de cristalização consideravelmente maior. MC contendo 0,5% de SMS e misturas de 80:20 de MC e sua estearina foram usadas na produção de barras de chocolate amargo. As barras foram caracterizadas por avaliação comparativa visual, teste de ruptura, Índice de Brancura, observações por MEV, comportamento de fusão por DSC e polimorfismo por difração de Raios-X. Após o monitoramento sob duas condições de armazenamento - isotermicamente a 20°C e sob ciclos de 24h entre 20 e 32°C - a formação de fat bloom foi significativamente desacelerada em ambas as formulações com uso dos modificadores de cristalização estudados, em comparação com a formulação padrão. A transição polimórfica da Forma V para a Forma VI - que representa o mecanismo mais aceito para a formação do fat bloom em chocolates armazenados sob temperaturas abusivas - pode ser correlacionada com o começo do desenvolvimento do fat bloom superficial Abstract: The crystallization behavior of cocoa butter (CB) is the crucial structuration issue in the development of chocolate products with significant resistance to fat bloom - a common defect in chocolates, characterized by a whitish appearance and loss of surface gloss due to local lipid re-crystallization. To control and strengthening the crystallization patterns of CB in chocolates processing, in this work it was evaluated the influence of the addition of sorbitan monoesters (monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate and monooleate) and cocoa butter stearin (obtained by solvent fractionation of CB) in the crystallization and consistency behaviors as well as on the microstructure and polymorphism of CB. Sorbitan monoesters at three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% w/w) were added to CB samples and their possible functioning as crystallization modifiers were evaluated. Sorbitan monostearate (SMS) pointed out as the most effective structurant among all emulsifiers tested, a performance attributable to its solubility in organic medium and the ability of self-assembling. Adding 0.5% of SMS to cocoa butter promoted a sharp increase in the onset of the crystallization temperature (from 19.3 to 21.6°C) and a 60% increase in the consistency at 10°C, and the classic two-step isothermal crystallization behavior was smoothed out. In parallel, CB fractionation runs conducted at 17ºC using acetone (CB:solvent = 1:7) produced a symmetric monounsaturated triacylglycerol-rich stearin that were added to cocoa butter at three proportions of CB:stearin (95:5, 90:10 and 80:20, w/w) and main physical-chemical attributes of these mixtures were determined. Compared to pure cocoa butter, the 80:20 mixture showed an increment of 67% in the consistency at 10°C and considerable higher crystallization rates at 17.5°C were found. CB containing 0.5% of SMS and the 80:20 mixture of cocoa butter and cocoa butter stearin were used in dark chocolate bars production. The bars were characterized by visual comparative ratings, snap test, whiteness index, SEM microstructure observations, DSC melting behavior and polymorphism by X-ray diffraction. Storage tests under normal and accelerated conditions confirmed a considerable deceleration in the fat bloom formation rate in samples containing the crystallization crystallization modifiers. The polymorphic transition from Form V to Form VI - which is the most acceptable mechanism for fat bloom formation in chocolates stored under abusive temperature conditions - could be correlated with the onset of surface bloom Doutorado Engenharia Química Doutora em Engenharia Química
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- 2021
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12. Avaliação da incorporação de emulsificantes sobre as propriedades de cristalização de gorduras industriais
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Domingues, Maria Aliciane Fontenele, 1983, Gonçalves, Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo, 1951, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, Grimaldi, Renato, Almeida, Denise Fabiana Silvestre Becker de, Dos Santos, Adenílson Oliveira, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Oils and fats ,Óleos e gorduras ,Polimorphism ,Cristalização ,Polimorfismo (Genética) ,Emulsifiers ,Indústrias ,Emulsificantes ,Crystallization ,Industries - Abstract
Orientador: Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Resumo: A cristalização de gorduras é um fator crítico associado à estruturação e propriedades de grande parte dos alimentos. No Brasil, as questões controversas acerca do papel dos ácidos graxos trans na alimentação ocasionaram modificações progressivas na legislação e no uso industrial de gorduras, levando à substituição das gorduras parcialmente hidrogenadas por gorduras interesterificadas, fracionadas ou blends. Considerando que este processo de substituição foi ampliando, os problemas de comportamento de cristalização devido à não adequação das novas frações gordurosas são inúmeros e agravados, principalmente, pelas diferenças climáticas regionais e condições de transporte e estocagem. Logo, a adequação da cinética de cristalização destas bases gordurosas é de extrema importância para que o uso das mesmas possa ser ajustado às limitações dos processos industriais e para melhorar o controle de etapas de processamento que envolva recristalização da fração gordurosa, garantindo a qualidade do produto final. Caso contrário, os tempos de processamento e equipamentos já padronizados precisam ser alterados segundo as características da gordura utilizada. Emulsificantes são aditivos funcionais de extrema importância na indústria de alimentos, que podem ser utilizados para controlar ou modificar as propriedades de cristalização da fase gordurosa. O estudo dos efeitos de emulsificantes em sistemas gordurosos é de grande interesse para o melhoramento de novas bases gordurosas com finalidades específicas, uma vez que propriedades apropriadas de cristalização são de difícil obtenção quando da ausência de ácidos graxos trans. O papel destes compostos como modificadores de cristalização em gorduras naturais e comerciais é pouco explorado, constituindo-se em um assunto inovador sob o ponto de vista da indústria de alimentos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da incorporação de ésteres de sorbitana e sacarose sobre as propriedades de cristalização da gordura interesterificada base soja, do óleo de palma e da fração mediana de palma (soft PMF). Estas gorduras industriais apresentam algumas limitações quanto a sua aplicação, especialmente relacionadas com determinadas propriedades, tais como: consistência e plasticidade dos produtos durante as etapas de produção e estocagem; propriedades sensoriais, como sensação de fusão na boca; estabilidade física, com respeito à formação ou sedimentação de cristais e exsudação de óleo; e aparência visual, a exemplo do brilho em chocolates e coberturas. Portanto, o presente trabalho mostra grande relevância para o setor produtivo de óleos e gorduras Abstract: Fat crystallization is a critical factor associated with either structuring or properties of most foods. In Brazil, controversial issues about the role that trans fatty acid plays on food gave rise to progressive changes in the legislation as well as in the industrial use of fat, which leads to partial substitution of hydrogenated fat by interesterified, fractionated or blended fat. Considering that this substitution process was expanded, problems regarding crystallization behavior are countless and even aggravated because the new fat fractions are not adequate, mainly for regional climatic differences, transportation and storage conditions. Therefore, the crystallization kinetic inadequacy of such fatty bases is extremely important, so that their use can fit the industrial process limitation purposes and improve the control on processing stages that involve recrystallization of fat fractions, ensuring the quality of the final product. Otherwise, time processing and equipment already brought into line need to be changed according to the characteristics of the fat used. Emulsifiers are extremely important functional additives in food industry and can be used to either control or modify the crystallization properties in the fatty stage. The study of emulsifiers effects on fatty systems is of great interest to improve new fatty bases with specific purposes, since appropriate crystallization properties are difficult to obtain when trans fatty acid lacks. The role of these compounds as crystallization modifiers in natural and commercial fat is not much investigated, thus constituting an original subject under the food industry point of view. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of addition of sorbitan and sucrose esters on the crystallization properties of interesterified fat based soy, palm oil and palm median fraction (soft PMF). These industrial fats present some limitations regarding their application, especially related to certain properties, such as: product consistency and plasticity during the stages of production and storage; sensory properties like melting sensation in the mouth; physical stability with respect to crystal formation or sedimentation and oil exudation; and visual appearance, like the glint in chocolates and coatings. Therefore, this work shows highly relevant to the productive sector of oils and fats Doutorado Tecnologia de Alimentos Doutora em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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- 2021
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13. Tripalmitin and monoacylglycerols as modifiers in the crystallisation of palm oil
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Basso, Rodrigo Corrêa, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, Masuchi, Monise Helen, Gioielli, Luiz Antonio, Gonçalves, Lireny A. Guaraldo, Santos, Adenilson Oliveira dos, Cardoso, Lisandro Pavie, and Grimaldi, Renato
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CRYSTALLIZATION , *PALM oil , *MICROSTRUCTURE , *FAT content of food , *CALORIMETRY , *GLYCERIN , *X-ray diffraction , *THERMAL properties of food - Abstract
Abstract: An exhaustive analysis of the crystallisation behaviour of palm oil was performed using low-resolution magnetic pulsed nuclear resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, polarised light microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The aim of this study was to characterise the changes induced in the crystallisation of palm oil by the addition of two different levels of tripalmitin and two different types of monoacylglycerols. The addition of monoacylglycerols led to the formation of a large number of crystallisation nuclei without changing the final solids content, accelerating the process of crystal formation, leading to the formation of smaller crystals than those found in the refined palm oil. Higher levels of tripalmitin produced crystals with larger dimensions, reducing the induction period and resulted in a higher level of solids at the end of the crystallisation period. The addition of monoacylglycerols and tripalmitin induced the formation of a polymorphic β-form. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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14. The effects of enzymatic interesterification on the physical-chemical properties of blends of lard and soybean oil
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Silva, Roberta C., Cotting, Lucia N., Poltronieri, Tatyane P., Balcão, Victor M., de Almeida, Denise B., Goncalves, Lireny A.G., Grimaldi, Renato, and Gioielli, Luiz A.
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MIXTURES , *LARD oil , *SOY oil , *ENZYMATIC analysis , *ESTERIFICATION , *LIPASES , *MILKFAT - Abstract
Abstract: The main goal of the present research effort was to evaluate the physical-chemical properties of blends of lard and soybean oil following enzymatic interesterification catalyzed by an immobilized lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa (Lipozyme™ TL IM). Lipase-catalyzed interesterification produced new triacylglycerols that changed the physical-chemical properties of the fat blends under study. Solid fat content (31.3 vs 31.5g/100g), consistency (104.7 vs 167.6kPa), crystallized area (0.6 vs 11.8) and softening point (31.8 vs 32.2°C) of lard increased after interesterification, and this was mostly due to the increase of SSS (saturated)+SSU (disaturated-monounsaturated) triacylglycerols. These contents (SSU+SSS) increased in lard after interesterification from 42.9 to 46.7g/100g. The interesterified blends exhibited lower values for the physical properties when compared with their counterparts before enzymatic interesterification. The interesterification of blends of lard with soybean oil increased the amounts of UUU (triunsaturated) and SSS triacylglycerols and reduced the amounts of UUS (diunsaturated-monosaturated) triacylglycerols. The interesterified blends of lard and soybean oil demonstrated physical properties and chemical composition similar to human milk fat and they could be used for the production of a human milk fat substitute. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2009
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15. Prediction of crystallization parameters of fat blends for specific use by artificial neural network
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Rita de Kassia de Almeida Garcia, Barrera Arellano, Daniel, 1953, Arellano, Daniel Barrera, 1953, Block, Jane Mara, Gandra, Kelly Moreira Bezerra, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, Grimaldi, Renato, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Artificial neural networks ,Redes neurais (Computação) ,Cristalização ,Crystallization - Abstract
Orientador: Daniel Barrera Arellano Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Resumo: Óleos e gorduras são submetidos ao processo de blending para alcançar características específicas, visando sua aplicação em variados produtos. Redes neurais artificiais (RNA) têm sido utilizadas para otimizar o processo de formulação de gorduras baseado no conteúdo de gordura sólida (SFC). Além do SFC, a cinética de cristalização das gorduras ou blends influencia diretamente nas condições de processamento, bem como nas características e qualidade dos produtos elaborados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi construir e treinar RNAs capazes de prever parâmetros de cristalização de blends de gorduras. Foram treinadas duas RNAs usando blends contendo gorduras interesterificadas de soja, óleos de soja, palma e palmíste como matérias-primas. No treinamento, além dos dados de SFC, foram utilizados os parâmetros de cristalização tempo de indução (T1), tempo médio (T2), tempo final (T3) e SFC máximo (%), obtidos pelas isotermas de cristalização a 25°C. Além disso, como avaliação, foi verificada a capacidade das RNAs em predizer os parâmetros de cristalização de formulações sugeridas pelas RNAs para aplicação em recheio de biscoitos e uso geral. Como resultados, as RNAs se mostraram capazes de prever os parâmetros de cristalização para os blends elaborados com as diferentes matérias-primas, apresentando baixos valores de erros relativos (parâmetros preditos vs determinados). Quanto ao comportamento de cristalização, observou-se que as formulações que continham óleos de palma e/ou palmíste apresentaram menores valores de SFC máximo a 25°C. Adicionalmente, também verificou-se que para valores similares de SFC máximo, foram obtidos valores de T3 bastante variados, o que confirma a necessidade do conhecimento dos parâmetros de cristalização. Portanto, as RNAs demonstraram ser uma ferramenta útil na previsão dos parâmetros de cristalização, podendo ser utilizada na indústria para um melhor monitoramento das características dos blends formulados Abstract: Oils and fats are submitted to the blending process to achieve specific characteristics for their application at various products. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used to optimize the process of fat formulation based on the solid fat content (SFC). In addition to the SFC, the crystallization kinetics of fats or blends influences directly the processing conditions, as well as the characteristics and quality of manufactured food products. In this context, the objective was to build and train ANNs that are able to predict the crystallization parameters of fat blends. Two ANNs were trained using blends containing soybean interesterified fats, soybean, palm and palm kernel oils as raw materials. At training, in addition to the SFC data were used the parameters of crystallization induction time (T1), medium time (T2), end time (T3) and maximum SFC (%), obtained by isothermal crystallization at 25 °C. Besides that, as an evaluation, it was verified the ANN ability to predict the crystallization parameters for a biscuit filling and general use formulations. As results, the ANNs showed ability to predict the crystallization parameters for the blends prepared with different raw materials, presenting low relative errors (predicted vs determined parameters). Regarding the crystallization behavior, it was observed that formulations containing palm and /or palm kernel oil showed lower values of maximum SFC at 25 ° C. In addition, it was also noted that for similar maximum SFC, various T3 values were obtained, confirming the need for knowledge of the crystallization parameters of fats. Therefore, ANNs proved to be a useful tool for predicting the crystallization parameters and can be used in food industry for better monitoring of characteristics of formulated blends Doutorado Tecnologia de Alimentos Doutora em Tecnologia de Alimentos
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- 2014
16. Influence of the addition of hardfats on technological properties of palm oil aiming the application in chocolate
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Glazieli Marangoni Oliveira, Kieckbusch, Theo Guenter, 1942-2021, Ribeiro, Ana Paula Badan, 1979, Ceriani, Roberta, Grimaldi, Renato, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química, and UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS
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Manteiga de cacau ,Cristalização ,Cocoa butter ,Óleo de palma ,Palm oil ,Chocolate ,Crystallization - Abstract
Orientadores: Theo Guenter Kieckbusch, Ana Paula Badan Ribeiro Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química Resumo: A palma (Elaesis guineensis) e uma das principais fontes de óleos vegetais, sendo o óleo de palma amplamente utilizado na industria de alimentos, como por exemplo, na produção de chocolates. Entretanto, sua utilização para este fim e limitada por seu polimorfismo ß' preferencial, lenta cristalização e formação de grandes aglomerados cristalinos na etapa de pós-processamento. Como alternativa de adequações destas propriedades para aumentar a compatibilidade com a manteiga de cacau, esta pesquisa avaliou a adição de gorduras totalmente hidrogenadas (hardfats) a amostras comerciais de óleo de palma. Os hardfats apresentam composição triacilglicerólica homogênea e bem definida, com triacilgliceróis (TAGs) de alto ponto de fusão, desejável na obtenção de chocolates de boa qualidade. Alem disso, os hardfats podem atuar como moduladores do processo de cristalização, agindo como núcleos preferenciais no processo de ordenação da rede cristalina e como indutores de hábitos polimórficos específicos. O presente trabalho estudou cinco distintos hardfats no óleo de palma, são eles: palmiste (PMTH), palma (PATH), algodão (AGTH), soja (SJTH) e crambe (CRTH). Misturas com 1%, 3% e 5%, de cada hardfat, originaram quinze diferentes combinações de gorduras. Os resultados obtidos por analises de composições de ácidos graxos e triacilgliceróis, assim como as isotermas de cristalização e teor de sólidos obtidos por RMN e, as analises térmicas, realizadas por intermédio de um Calorímetro Diferencial de Varredura (DSC), indicam que o uso de hardfats com cadeias alquilas similares ao do óleo de palma, como PATH e AGTH, proporciona maior compatibilidade na estrutura cristalina e consequentemente melhor empacotamento. A adição de hardfats, que apresentam na composição química, ácidos graxos de cadeias maiores, como a SJTH e CRTH, influenciaram significativamente na aceleração da cristalização do óleo de palma e na redução do tamanho dos cristais, proporcionando maior dureza destas formulações. Todas as misturas mostraram preferência de cristalização de hábitos cristalinos ß', mas as misturas com os SJTH e CRTH, entretanto formaram uma miscelânea de Cristais ß'+ß. A adição destes hardfats provavelmente aumentara a resistência térmica de chocolates. Tomando-se por base este conjunto de resultados, sugere-se a aplicação dos hardfats de algodão e soja, na proporção de 5% e o hardfat de crambe na proporção de 1%, no óleo de palma visando a aplicação em chocolates por meio da substituição parcial da manteiga de cacau Abstract: Palm threes (Elaesis guineensis) are one of the main sources of industrial vegetable oils. Palm oil, extracted from the pulp of the fruit is widely used in the food industry, as for instance, in the production of chocolates. However, in many applications the amount of palm oil added is restricted by its preferential ß'- polymorphism, slow crystallization rates and formation of large crystalline clusters in the stage of postprocessing. In this research the addition of fully hydrogenated vegetable oils (hardfats) to industrial palm oil samples was evaluated aiming the adjustment of those attributes in order to increase the compatibility with cocoa butter. Hardfats can behave as modulators in the crystallization process and are able to induce specific polymorphic habits due to their homogeneous triacylglicerols profile. Five different hardfats were added to palm oil, in the proportion of 1%, 3% and 5%: palm kernel (FHPKO), palm (FHPO), cottonseed (FFHCO), soybean (FHSO) and crambe (FHCR), rendering fifteen fat mixture formulations. Results obtained through GC analyses for the fatty acids and triacylglycerols profiles, as well as crystallization isotherms and solid fat content by NMR and also thermal analysis using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) indicate that the use of hardfats like FHPO and FHCO that have carboxylic chain lengths similar to palm oil implements the compatibility of their mixture with cocoa butter. The addition of hardfats with longer chains like FHSO and FHCR showed significant effect on the increase of the rate of crystallization of palm oil and in the reduction of the crystals size inducing higher hardness to these formulations. All the mixtures showed a preference for the ß'-polymorphism, except for the mixtures with FHSO and FHCR, which produced an assortment of ß'+ ß crystal habits. The addition of these hardfats will probably increase the thermal resistance of chocolates. It is suggested the application of hardfats of cottonseed and soybean in the proportion of 5% and hardfat of crambe in the proportion of 1% in palm oil aiming the application in chocolate by partial substitution of cocoa butter Mestrado Engenharia de Processos Mestre em Engenharia Química
- Published
- 2011
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