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High optical quality Er3+ doped Lu 2 O 3 single crystal with optimum doping concentration was grown by Floating zone (Fz) method. The spectral properties and Judd-Ofelt (JO) analysis were reported. The emission cross-section at 2772 nm was calculated to be 2.47 × 10−20 cm2 with FWHM of 188 nm. The fluorescence lifetime of 4I 11/2 and 4I 13/2 energy level was fitted to be 1.62 ms and 4.02 ms. Optimum lifetime ratio (τ low /τ up) is beneficial to laser operation. Compared with reported Er3+ doped crystal, the larger spectral quality factors Q and low inversion ratio P of 7 at.% Er:Lu 2 O 3 crystal indicate that it has a favorable laser performance for 2.8 μm laser operation. • In our work high optical quality 7 at.% Er3+ doped Lu 2 O 3 single crystal with optimum doping concentration was grown by Floating zone method. • The spectroscopic properties were reported by Judd-Ofelt theory. • In order to weaken the influence of reabsorption phenomenon, we grind sample of Er:Lu 2 O 3 crystal into powder to measure fluorescence lifetime of 4I 13/2. • The measured fluorescence lifetime of 4I 13/2 is close to actual value. • We compare the optical characteristics of 7at.% Er:Lu 2 O 3 crystal with other materials in Mid-infrared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High quality 7 at%Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal was successfully grown by Fz method. Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to analyze spectroscopic properties at 2.7 μm. The larger value of Ω 2 shows low local environment symmetry exists in Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal, and the large Ω 4 /Ω 6 indicates better spectral quality. The larger absorption cross-section and FWHM are beneficial to efficient absorption of pump source. The fluorescence spectra and lifetimes of Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal were measured and studied at 2.7 μm. The emission cross-sections at 2723 nm was calculated to be 1.41 × 10−20cm2. Compared with other Er3+ doped crystals, the large spectral quality factors Q and low fluorescence lifetime ratio illustrate that Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal has excellent laser properties at 2.7 μm. In addition, the low inversion ratio also indicates great potential of Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal for laser generation at 2.7 μm. • A high quality 7%Er:Y 2 O 3 laser crystal was successfully grown by Fz method. • Judd-ofelt (J-O) parameterization scheme was applied to analyze the spectroscopic properties of 7%Er:Y 2 O 3 laser crystal at 2.7 μm. • The large spectral quality factors Q with low fluorescence lifetime ratio illustrates that Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal has excellent laser properties at 2.7 µm. • The low inversion ratio indicates great potential of Er:Y 2 O 3 crystal for laser generation at 2.7 μm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high optical quality Er:Lu 2 O 3 and Er,Pr:Lu 2 O 3 crystals were grown by Floating zone method. The spectral properties of Er:Lu 2 O 3 and Er,Pr:Lu 2 O 3 crystals were investigated. After co-doping small concentration of Pr3+, the depopulated influence of Pr3+ to the NIR emission was much stronger than the MIR emission. The near-infrared and up-conversion fluorescence were significantly quenched. Moreover, the fluorescence lifetime of 4I 13/2 abviously decreases from 4.02 ms to 1.71 ms in 7% Er, 0.05% Pr: Lu 2 O 3 crystal, and the lifetime ratio is 1.63 with large fluorescence lifetime of 4I 11/2 which is desirable lifetime ratio in these crystals. Thus, the spectral performance was significantly improved by co-doping 0.05 at.% of Pr3+. The high laser performance at 2.7 μm of 7% Er, 0.05% Pr: Lu 2 O 3 crystal is expectable. • The high optical quality Er:Lu 2 O 3 and Er,Pr:Lu 2 O 3 crystals were firstly grown by Floating zone method. • The spectral properties of Er:Lu 2 O 3 and Er,Pr:Lu 2 O 3 crystals were firstly investigated. • After co-doping low concentration of Pr3+, the near-infrared, ESA and up-conversion fluorescence were significantly quenched. • The spectral performance of Er:Lu 2 O 3 crystal was significantly improved at 2.7 μm by co-doping 0.05 at.% of Pr3+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GdScO 3 single crystal codoped with Tm3+ and Tb3+ ions was successfully grown by the Edge-defined Film-fed Growth Method (EFG) for the first time. Absorption, fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence lifetimes of the grown crystal at room temperature were measured. The absorption cross-section at 789 nm was calculated to be 8.20 × 10−21 cm2. The emission cross-section was 1.35 × 10−21 cm2 at 1504 nm with the FWHM of 95.3 nm. The fluorescence lifetimes of the 3H 4 state and the 3F 4 state were fitted to be 253 μs and 1460 μs, respectively. Compared with Tm3+ single doped GdScO 3 crystal, the codoping of Tb3+ successfully depopulated the 3F 4 energy level and enhanced the emission at 1.5 μm region. It indicated that Tm,Tb:GdScO 3 could be favorable laser medium for 1.5 μm-laser operation. • Tm3+ and Tb3+ co-doped GdScO 3 crystal was successfully grown by the edge-defined film-fed method (EFG) for the first time. • Spectral parameters and Judd-Ofelt parameters of Tm,Tb:GdScO3 crystal were obtained and compared. • The fluorescence mechanism of Tm3+ and Tb3+ co-doped GdScO 3 crystal has been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]