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A three-step strategy was developed for systematic characterization of curcuminoids in turmeric. Based on UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis, 89 curcuminoids including 16 novel ones were identified in the turmeric samples using this approach. During the identification process, false positive results were excluded by combining the positive and negative ESI-MS/MS analyses. Moreover, the characterization of the keto and enol forms of type A, B and C curcuminoids was first discussed and they were clearly distinguished using negative ESI-MS/MS method with UV spectra analyses. The structures of detected curcuminoids were identified and rationalized in both ion modes. Additionally, the fragmentation behaviors of the 15 types of curcuminoids were clearly illustrated in this work, which will be helpful for detection and identification of corresponding trace curcuminoids in complex turmeric samples using UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• RSM was applied for optimizing the extraction process of minor curcuminoids. • MRM parameters including DP and CE for each curcuminoid were optimized. • The established method could discriminate turmeric samples from different origins. • This study was useful for discriminating other geo-authentic and non-authentic herbs. In this research, a three-step strategy was utilized for discriminating turmeric samples from different provinces and regions in China. Firstly, MRM-based UPLC-MS/MS method for chemical profiling of curcuminoids in turmeric samples was established. Then, response surface methodology was applied for optimizing the extraction process of targeted curcuminoids. Finally, multivariate analysis was conducted for systematic characterization of 66 curcuminoids in turmeric. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that turmeric samples from Sichuan and other regions could be classified into two distinct groups. Turmeric samples from the same group had similar curcuminoids content distribution. 25 differential curcuminoids were discovered through OPLS-DA, among which most curcuminoids were more abundant in Sichuan. Furthermore, turmeric samples from different provinces could be clearly discriminated based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) using the screened differential curcuminoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turmeric and curcuminoids are used as natural food coloring and functional food additives in various parts of the world. In this study, ninety-six curcuminoids were fully characterized using a targeted curcuminoid profile, which established by integrated use of two complementary LC–MS/MS platforms (liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography–quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC–QTRAP-MS/MS)). The curcuminoid profile was represented in the form of a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode based on LC–QTRAP-MS/MS analysis. It facilitated the qualitative and relative quantitative analysis of curcuminoids in a single injection. Meanwhile, the profile was successfully applied to the quality evaluation of raw materials of turmeric from different regions in China and Myanmar. The structural identification procedures of curcuminoids and the integrated strategy provide a suitable method to analyze targeted plant metabolites which occur in a high number but sharing either structural similarities or similar functional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]