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Background: Belladonna and Pyrogenium are commonly used to treat fever in homeopathy. But in vivo antipyretic activity of these medicines is not reported yet. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrahigh dilutions of Belladonna (Bell) and Pyrogenium (Pyro) in fever model of rabbits induced by Baker's yeast. Methods: Healthy, local strain rabbits ( and ) were divided into seven groups (n=42): Normal control, negative control, standard control, pyro 1000c, pyro 200c, Bell 1000c and Bell 200c. Fever was induced by intra peritoneal injection of 135 mg/kg Baker's yeast suspension. Rectal temperature was measured hourly. All the medicines were administered once a day. The results were expressed as mean ± SEM. ANOVA and least significant difference post hoc test were applied for checking the level of significance, p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: Pyro in both potencies significantly reduced fever in rabbits compared to negative control group, while both potencies of Bell were ineffective. Paracetamol and Pyro 1000c reduced by 1.2 °C (39.7 ± 0.1 to 38.5 ± 0.1), while Pyro 200c reduced by 1 °C temperature (39.7 ± 0.5 to 38.7 ± 0.2). Conclusions: Pyro possesses marked antipyretic activity in rabbit's Baker's yeast fever model. It would embolden its clinical use in fever with more guarantee of its efficacy. However, caveat of small sample size necessitates replication of experiment in large sample size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phased-array ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation is an effective tool of safety assurance for key structural components. The paper presents a general post-processing methodology for phased-array ultrasonic inspection data. The methodology is developed to integrate three components: mapping of sampling points to structure model, re-sampling from non-uniformly distributed sampling points in phased-array to a uniform volume, and data fusion strategies for multiple channels. An adaptive method called spatially adaptive Gaussian splatting is proposed for data re-sampling and fusion considering the reconstruction resolution and local characteristics of ultrasonic sound paths. This adaptivity provides a viable approach to minimize the effects of under-sampling, over-sampling, and holes which are introduced by the non-uniformly distributed sampling points. The processing of large scale data through segmentation and parallelization techniques is discussed in detail. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed methodology are investigated using actual phased-array ultrasonic testing data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The paper presents a systematic method and procedure for probabilistic fatigue life prediction using non-destructive testing data under uncertainty. The procedure is developed using uncertainty quantification models for detection, sizing, fatigue model parameters and inputs. The probability of detection model is based on a classical log-linear model coupling the actual flaw size with the NDE reported size. Using probabilistic modeling and Bayes theorem, the distribution of the actual flaw size is derived for both NDE data without flaw indications and NDE data with flaw indications. Fatigue damage and structural integrity assessment are suggested based on the developed method and procedure. A turbine rotor example with realistic NDE inspection data is presented to demonstrate the overall methodology. Calculation and interpretation of the results based on risk recommendations for industrial applications are given. The influence of the NDE detection threshold to the assessment results, and error analysis of the assessment results are discussed in detail. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]