1. Lifelong Residential Exposure to Green Space and Attention: A Population-based Prospective Study.
- Author
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Dadvand, Payam, Tischer, Christina, Estarlich, Marisa, Llop, Sabrina, Dalmau-Bueno, Albert, López-Vicente, Monica, Valentín, Antònia, de Keijzer, Carmen, Fernández-Somoano, Ana, Lertxundi, Nerea, Rodriguez-Dehli, Cristina, Gascon, Mireia, Guxens, Monica, Zugna, Daniela, Basagaña, Xavier, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Ibarluzea, Jesus, Ballester, Ferran, and Sunyer, Jordi
- Subjects
ATTENTION ,CHILD development ,COGNITIVE testing ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,LONGITUDINAL method ,NATURE ,PROBABILITY theory ,REACTION time ,STATISTICS ,DATA analysis ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Natural environments, including green spaces, may have beneficial impacts on brain development. However, longitudinal evidence of an association between long-term exposure to green spaces and cognitive development (including attention) in children is limited. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association between lifelong residential exposure to green space and attention during preschool and early primary school years. METHODS: This longitudinal study was based on data from two well-established population-based birth cohorts in Spain. We assessed lifelong exposure to residential surrounding greenness and tree cover as the average of satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index and vegetation continuous fields, respectively, surrounding the child's residential addresses at birth, 4-5 y, and 7 y. Attention was characterized using two computerbased tests: Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT) at 4-5 y (n=888) and Attentional Network Task (ANT) at 7 y (n=987). We used adjusted mixed effects models with cohort random effects to estimate associations between exposure to greenness and attention at ages 4-5 and 7 y. RESULTS: Higher lifelong residential surrounding greenness was associated with fewer K-CPT omission errors and lower K-CPT hit reaction timestandard error (HRT-SE) at 4-5 y and lower ANT HRT-SE at 7 y, consistent with better attention. This exposure was not associated with K-CPT commission errors or with ANT omission or commission errors. Associations with residential surrounding tree cover also were close to the null, or were negative (for ANT HRT-SE) but not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Exposure to residential surrounding greenness was associated with better scores on tests of attention at 4-5 y and 7 y of age in our longitudinal cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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