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The document presents the results of archaeological monitoring at the Salt River Project (SRP) Lassen Substation in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona. The work was conducted by Northland Research, Inc. for SRP and entailed monitoring for their expansion of utility lines along the Western Canal beginning at Lassen Substation. The project area is located within La Ciudad de Los Hornos (Los Hornos), a Hohokam site. Lassen Substation is on land owned by SRP; the Western Canal and right-of-way is owned by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, but maintained and operated by SRP. Archaeological monitoring was performed from January 24 through February 10, 1995. Three archaeological features were encountered: a pithouse, a midden, and a canal (possibly historic). These features, observed only in trench profile, were recorded through profile drawings, photographs, and artifact collections. No human remains were encountered. As the trenching has been completed and all archaeological remains have been documented, no further work is deemed necessary at this time.

At the request of U S West Communications (US West), Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) performed archaeological monitoring along a utility right-of-way. The right-of-way is within the south side access road for the Grand Canal, which passes through the City of Phoenix administered Pueblo Grande National Historic Landmark (Pueblo Grande; AZ U:9:7(ASM)). The canal is administered by the Salt River Project and owned by the Bureau of Reclamation. Limited testing within the right-of-way suggested that subsurface remains were present; with the reduction in the depth of the utility trench, US West attempted to avoid impacting such features. The purpose of the monitoring was to identify any cultural remains and features, to record the features, to collect samples and artifacts, and to halt excavation if human remains were encountered. A canal and roasting pit were exposed in the wall of the manhole pit, the only portion of trench deeper than 2 ft-6 in.

Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) is serving as a consultant to U.S. West Communications (US West) for a proposed utility (fiber optic communication cable) right-of-way. The right-of-way is located within the southern access road for the Grand Canal, which passes through Pueblo Grande National Historic Landmark (Pueblo Grande), although the proposed right-of-way is not within the National Historic Landmark boundary. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1963. The Grand Canal is owned by the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) and administered by the Salt River Project (SRP). To date, subsurface testing has been performed within the right-of-way to determine the presence of features and depth of fill along the canal. Three prehistoric features were exposed in the trenches located along the Grand Canal. The testing program consisted of the placement of seven test trenches along the US West centerline; five trenches were located on the south side of Grand Canal, and two were located east of the Hohokam Expressway. Three features were identified during the testing program: a trash deposit, a possible roasting pit, and a human burial. Reclamation has been notified of the human remains and has assumed responsibility for notification of the appropriate Native American tribes. The human remains have not been removed, and the trench within which they were located has been backfilled for protective purposes. In addition to locating the features, it was determined that 0.5-0.9 m of recent fill has been deposited over prehistoric sediments and features along the Grand Canal. The utility line trench and a proposed manhole will be excavated to a depth of 0.8 m and 1.2 m respectively, and therefore both have the potential to impact cultural deposits in some areas. Therefore, a data recovery plan is needed to mitigate the potential effects of the proposed US West project. The focus of this document is to provide a brief background on previous work in the area that may be relevant to the proposed undertaking, the research issues to be investigated during the data recovery program, and the application of methods that will be used in the field and lab for the investigation. A great deal of research has been undertaken at Pueblo Grande, in particular over the past few years as a result of the new Hohokam Expressway. Recent work has documented the nature of the site and has also compiled information on the extensive research that has already occurred at the site.

Northland Research, Inc. (Northland) prepared this research proposal in response to a request from Judy Brunson of Salt River Project (SRP) for archaeological investigations of a portion of AZ U:9:116(ASM), also known as Los Guanacos (other designations include AZ U:9:41[ASU], AZ U:9:71[ASU], and Alta Vista). The project area consists of the proposed site of the SRP Central Support Complex in Tempe, Arizona. Archaeological Research Services (ARS) conducted archaeological testing of this parcel in 1985. These test excavations revealed a pithouse, a number of pits of various functions, three inhumations, and one possible cremation.

Archaeological test excavations have been conducted at a portion of La Ciudad de los Hornos (AZ U:9:71 (ASM)), a prehistoric multicomponent Hohokam village. The field work for this project, sponsored by AMCOR Investment Company, was undertaken during the fall of 1989 by Northland Research, Inc. pursuant to the proposed redevelopment of the Casa Fiesta trailer park. The Casa Fiesta project area consists of a 55-acre (22-ha), triangular lot. Archaeological testing consisted of cutting a series of backhoe trenches, resulting in the excavation of 9,442 ft. (2,878 m, 221 trenches) of trench or a roughly one percent sample of the project area. Thirty-seven prehistoric cultural features were identified. The remains represent a Hohokam occupation dating primarily to the Sedentary and Classic periods. Although the Casa Fiesta project area has been subject to a great deal of disturbance by agricultural and construction activities, the cultural features identified do not appear to have been impacted substantially by these activitites, but instead are fairly intact. With the possible exception of hornos and a few surfaces, most features appear not to have been truncated by agricultural activities. Testing results suggest that there is a great potential for these features and as yet unidentified features to yield data significant to the interpretation of Hohokam habitation and subsistence practices during the late Sedentary and Classic periods. This report includes contributions by Jennifer W. Gish, T. Kathleen Henderson, and Johna Hutira.

During the summer of 1988, archaeologists from Archaeological Consulting Services of Tempe, Arizona, conducted an archaeological survey of seven miles of 250-foot wide road right-of-way in Lake Pleasant Regional Park located northwest of Phoenix. This survey was conducted in order to provide inventory and assessment of the cultural resources that might be affected by the construction of additional internal roads within the park boundary. This survey resulted in the identification of nine prehistoric sites and 29 prehistoric isolated occurrences. Five of these sites were determined to have the potential to possess significant archaeological research information and, as such, may have been eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Because the sites under consideration here cannot be avoided during planned construction activities and would thus be adversely affected, it was recommended that a testing program be conducted to determine eligibility. At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation, SWCA conducted an archaeological testing program at these sites from September 18-26, 1989. The purpose of this testing program was to determine the presence or absence of significant subsurface deposits as they relate to the National Register criteria. This report documents the nature and results of the archaeological testing conducted at these five sites. Sites AZ T:3:61 (ASM), AZ T:3:62 (ASM), and AZ T:3:64 (ASM) were found to contain no significant subsurface deposits. Sites AZ T:3:60 (ASM) and AZ T:3:65 (ASM) were found to contain limited subsurface deposits consistent with those found at sites possessing similar surface manifestations from previous studies. These sites are not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. SWCA recommends that archaeological clearance be granted for the Lake Pleasant Regional Park internal roads project.