1. Soot microphysical effects on liquid clouds, a multi-model investigation
- Author
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Richard C. Easter, Alf Kirkevåg, Johannes Quaas, Michael Schulz, Corinna Hoose, Dorothy Koch, Sylvaine Ferrachat, Susanne E. Bauer, Xiaohong Liu, N. Yan, Yves Balkanski, Ulrike Lohmann, Toshihiko Takemura, Jón Egill Kristjánsson, Øyvind Seland, Surabi Menon, Steven J. Ghan, Trond Iversen, Columbia University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, NASA GISS, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, University of Oslo, Kyushu University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science [Zürich] (IAC), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), University of Oslo (UiO), Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Diesel exhaust ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Atmospheric model ,010501 environmental sciences ,medicine.disease_cause ,Atmospheric sciences ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Klima, Atmosphäre, Wolken ,ddc:551 ,medicine ,Radiative transfer ,ddc:550 ,Cloud condensation nuclei ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,Chemistry ,Carbon black ,Radiative forcing ,Soot ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Aerosol ,Earth sciences ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,13. Climate action ,climate, atmosphere, clouds ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
International audience; We use global models to explore the microphys-ical effects of carbonaceous aerosols on liquid clouds. Although absorption of solar radiation by soot warms the atmosphere , soot may cause climate cooling due to its contribution to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and therefore cloud brightness. Six global models conducted three soot experiments ; four of the models had detailed aerosol microphysi-cal schemes. The average cloud radiative response to biofuel soot (black and organic carbon), including both indirect and semi-direct effects, is −0.11 Wm −2 , comparable in size but opposite in sign to the respective direct effect. In a more idealized fossil fuel black carbon experiment, some models calculated a positive cloud response because soot provides a deposition sink for sulfuric and nitric acids and secondary organics, decreasing nucleation and evolution of viable CCN. Biofuel soot particles were also typically assumed to be larger and more hygroscopic than for fossil fuel soot and therefore caused more negative forcing, as also found in previous studies. Diesel soot (black and organic carbon) experiments had relatively smaller cloud impacts with five Correspondence to: D. Koch (dorothy.koch@science.doe.gov) of the models
- Published
- 2010