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Objective: To determine the effect of mode of delivery and number of parity on abnormal placental location encountered at Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jun 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: The study included all the antenatal patients with any abnormally placed placenta on ultrasound or MRI, if required, at the 32nd week of gestation. On ultrasound examination, controls were an equal number of antenatal women with the customarily located placenta. Factors like age, parity, previous mode of delivery, and iron deficiency anaemia were compared in both groups. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 32.11 ± 8.29 years. Out of 70 cases of abnormal placental location in pregnant women, 40 (57.1%) had placenta previa, 20 (28.6%) had accreta, while 10 (14.3%) had placenta percreta. Pearson chisquare test revealed that multiparity and previous deliveries by caesarean section had a statistically significant relationship with abnormal placental location among the study participants (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: Placenta previa is the commonest abnormal placental location in our study, followed by accrete and percreta. Previous deliveries by cesarean section and multiparty were independent risk factors related to abnormal placental location in our target population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study was designed to study the role of antenatal check upon caesarean section (C-Section) rate in patients reporting to labour room. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Attock, from Oct 2014 to Mar 2015. Material and Methods: A total of 447 patients who underwent treatment in CMH Attock were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) Booked patients - the ones who consulted obstetrician regularly during pregnancy, 2) Unbooked patients - These patients do not consult obstetrician for ante-natal checkup during the pregnancy. The data was collected on a proforma and was statistically analyzed. Results: About 77.85% of the total recruited patients in the study were booked while 22.15% were un-booked. A 37.6% of the booked patients had to undergo caesarian section (c-section) while 62.4% patient underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD). Whereas 51.5% un-booked patients had c-section while 48.5% patients underwent SVD. Point two percent and 2.5% of the overall patients had gestational diabetes and anaemia respectively. Three percent of the total pregnant patients were diagnosed as being hypertensive. Patient history revealed that 3% patients had bad obstetrics history and 76.9% of them attended ante-natal clinic. Conclusion: In our set up overall C-section rate was 42.6% but in the booked group the rate was 37.6% as compared to the much higher 51.5% in the un-booked group thus indicating that high C-section rate in the unbooked group contributed in a major way to the overall C-section rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]