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Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis are commensal mites residing in hair follicles and sebaceous glands on human skin, primarily in seborrhoeic areas, on the scalp, and in the external auditory canals. Demodex mites feed on exfoliated epidermal cells and substances secreted by sebaceous glands. They cause mechanical blocking of follicles, follicular hyperkeratosis, and local inflammation. The prevalence of Demodex folliculorum colonisation in the population may vary between 20% and 80% of the population, and it increases with age. Demodex infestation is more common in immunocompromised patients, after application of topical glucocorticosteroids or after immunomodulatory agents. The potential role of Demodex folliculorum mites in the pathogenesis of rosacea, perioral dermatitis, blepharitis, folliculitis, and pityriasis folliculorum has been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rosacea is a chronic dermatosis, manifesting with erythema, papular or pustular eruptions located in the facial area. The authors present a case of an 84-year-old woman with a long-term history of rosacea who had a mycotic infection of the facial skin imitating aggravation of the underlying disease. The case presented by us can be regarded as a variant of "tinea incognito", i.e., undiagnosed mycosis, misdiagnosed as another dermatosis, which is often aggravated by the patient by using local glucocorticosteroids or other local immunomodulators, which hinders proper diagnosis. It may be diagnostically relevant to consider other comorbidities in elderly patients with rosacea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The differential diagnosis of eyelid skin lesions ranges from inflammatory dermatoses to malignanat tumors and vision-threatening infections. Eyelid dermatitis is seen in various skin diseases, such as allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, and in systemic diseases like dermatomyosistis or lupus erythematosus. Eyelid skin lesions appear also in infections diseases (herpes simplex, herpes zoster) and demodicosis. Other lesions are malignant eyelid tumors originating from epidermis or sebaceous glands, those lesions need to be remove by surgical excision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]