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Objective: To perform a systematic review on the effects of listening to music in reducing preoperative anxiety and pain (intra or postoperative) in third molar extractions. Material and methods: A systematic review modeled according to the PRISMA guidelines was conducted. The MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for relevant reports. To be included in the study sample, the studies were required to be randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the effects of listening to music on outcomes of third molar extraction. Two reviewers independently extracted the relevant data from the reports. Results: A total of 1882 studies were retrieved after the duplicates were removed. After applying the inclusion criteria, five studies were included for qualitative analysis. In 4 studies, music was played before and during the extraction of the impacted third molars. In one study, music was played only before the procedure. The genres varied from classic piano music to rock, pop, jazz, folk, and even hymns. Overall, music listening was beneficial for patients in reducing preoperative anxiety or anxiety during the procedure compared to control. However, only one study demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure. Conclusions: Music may be an effective non-pharmacological measure to reduce preoperative anxiety in patients scheduled for third molar extraction; however, the hemodynamic effects and the effects on pain (both perioperative and postoperative) should be further explored. Clinical relevance: The side effects of certain medications may be avoided if listening to music is used in third molar extractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The present systematic review aimed to evaluate whether the IANB (conventional inferior alveolar nerve block) technique is superior to the VA (Vazirani-Akinosi) or GG (Gow-Gates) techniques for anesthesia in the removal of posterior mandibular teeth. Materials and methods: This systematic review was structured according to the PICO strategy, adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist, and was recorded on the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO—CRD42020153130). Studies were included based on the eligibility criteria and data from the included studies were collected by one author, while another reviewed the compilation. Results: Eight studies were included, all of which were randomized controlled trials. Three studies tested the techniques by exclusively performing lower third molar removal; the others covered other posterior lower teeth. All studies used the same local anesthetic and the same vasoconstrictor: lidocaine 2% with epinephrine/adrenaline. A total of 1056 patients were evaluated. Conclusions: Some differences were observed between the techniques. Because of the heterogeneity between studies, clinical trials with more specific methodologies, such as comparisons of GG and VA with IANB for mandibular tooth removal, and the same clinical homogeneity will be worthwhile. Clinical relevance: A systematic review of which anesthetic technique is most effective for mandibular teeth removal may positively impact the population's life. There are no systematic reviews which approach this theme in a well-structured perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]