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Background: Long sleep duration is a common sleep disorder among elderly people. Dependency increases with increasing age. This study aimed to assess the association between dependency and long sleep duration among elderly people. Methods: This study is a population‐based cross‐sectional study. A total of 1152 participants aged ≥ 60 years were selected from 26 locations in China by a complex multistage sampling design. Data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews. Sleep duration was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dependency was assessed using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory‐II. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of sleep‐related factors and psychological factors for sleep duration. Analysis of covariance and logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate the association between the dependency score and sleep duration, and the strength of dependency effect on sleep duration. Results: A total of 1120 participants were valid for the analysis. Among them, 15.8% of participants had a dependency score ≥60 points. The results of hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep duration was positively associated with dependency scores. Analysis of covariance indicated a J‐shaped association between dependency scores and sleep duration. The results of logistic regression analysis showed dependency was significantly associated with long sleep duration, and the odds ratio was 3.52 (95% CI, 1.87–6.63; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Dependency was significantly associated with long sleep duration among elderly people. The results suggested that dependent intervention may be a strategy that needs urgent implementation to reduce long sleep duration among elderly people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]