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Mindfulness is commonly defined as the state of being attentive and aware of what is happening in the present moment. Even though the concept is mostly associated with eastern culture, it found its way into the western culture. Previous studies have shown that higher levels of mindfulness are correlated with lower levels of numerous psychological problems mostly because of meta-mechanism called “reperceiving“ which is a product of the process of mindfulness. Considering potential benefits of mindfulness on psychological wellbeing, the aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the levels of intolerance of uncertainty, ruminative thought style, negative perfectionism, anxiety, and depression among college students (N = 317) with low, mediate, and high levels of mindfulness. The results have shown that the highest levels of intolerance of uncertainty, ruminative thought style, negative perfectionism, anxiety, and depression are present among college students with low levels of mindfulness, significantly lower among those with moderate levels of all measured constructs, and the lowest among students with high levels of mindfulness. The fact that even those who have moderate levels of mindfulness are in more favorable position that those with low levels of mindfulness implies that even relatively small changes in mindfulness can be beneficial to an individual. Taken together, these results are in accordance with previous research of mindfulness, and because of the focus on the student population, they have practical implications in terms of practicing mindfulness in academic setting since it has been known to be competitive and demanding.

Istraživanje je za cilj imalo ispitati povezanost dimenzija privrženosti (anksioznosti i izbjegavanja) sa depresivnošću, depresivnom ruminacijom, socioseksualnošću i agresivnošću te utvrditi postoji li povezanost agresivnosti i depresivnosti te depresivnosti i socioseksualnosti, uz provjeru razlika s obzirom na spol i seksualnu orijentaciju sudionika u svim navedenim varijablama te provjeru doprinosa navedenih varijabli u objašnjenju depresivnosti s obzirom na seksualnu orijentaciju sudionika. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 380 sudionika studentske populacije, koji su kategorizirani u pripadnike LGBT populacije (neheteroseksualne sudionike, N=75) i heteroseksualne sudionike (N=305). Sudionici su ispunili upitnik socioseksualnosti (SOI-R), skraćenu verziju Brennanova inventara u bliskim vezama (ECRI) autorica Kamenov i Jelić, kratki upitnik agresivnosti (ASQ), skalu depresivnosti (DASS-42) te skalu depresivne ruminacije (RRS). Utvrđena je značajna pozitivna povezanost dimenzija privrženosti (anksioznosti i izbjegavanja) sa depresivnošću, depresivnom ruminacijom, agresivnošću i socioseksualnošću, uz izraženiju povezanost dimenzije anksioznosti i depresivnosti. Također su utvrđene značajne pozitivne povezanosti depresivnosti i agresivnosti kao i depresivnosti i socioseksualnosti. Osim toga, utvrđene su razlike s obzirom na spol u dimenziji izbjegavanja, ukupnoj socioseksualnosti (i svim njezinim facetama – želje, stavovi, ponašanja) te u fizičkoj i verbalnoj agresivnosti. Mladići su socioseksualno nerestriktivniji, više izbjegavajući te fizički i verbalno agresivniji u odnosu na djevojke. Međutim, nisu utvrđene značajne razlike s obzirom na spol u ukupnoj agresivnosti, dimenziji anksioznosti, depresivnosti i depresivnoj ruminaciji. Nadalje, što se razlika s obzirom na seksualnu orijentaciju tiče, utvrđene su značajne razlike u ukupnoj socioseksualnosti i svim njezinim facetama (želje, stavovi i ponašanja), anksioznosti, depresivnosti, depresivnoj ruminaciji i fizičkoj agresivnosti. Pripadnici LGBT populacije socioseksualno su nerestriktivniji, anksiozniji, depresivniji, značajno skloniji depresivnoj ruminaciji i fizičkoj agresivnosti u odnosu na heteroseksualne sudionike. Konačno, depresivna ruminacija pokazala se pozitivnim značajnim prediktorom depresivnosti na poduzorku heteroseksualnih sudionika, dok su na poduzorku neheteroseksualnih sudionika (pripadnika LGBT populacije) depresivna ruminacija i ljutnja pozitivni značajni prediktori depresivnosti. Nije utvrđen značajan doprinos dimenzija privrženosti, socioseksualnostiukupne agresivnosti i njezinih triju komponenti (fizička i verbalna agresivnost te hostilnost) u objašnjenju depresivnosti kako kod heteroseksualnih tako i kod neheteroseksualnih sudionika. The aim of the research was to examine the connection between the dimensions of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) with depression, depressive rumination, sociosexuality and aggressiveness, and to determine whether there is a connection between aggressiveness and depression and depression and sociosexuality, while checking for differences with regard to the gender and sexual orientation of the participants in all of the aforementioned variables and checking the contribution of the mentioned variables in the explanation of depression with regard to the sexual orientation of the participants. 389 participants of the student population took part in the research, who were categorized into members of the LGBT population (non-heterosexual participants, N=75) and heterosexual participants (N=305). The participants filled out the sociosexuality questionnaire (SOI-R), the shortened version of the Brennan Inventory in close relationships (ECRI) by Kamenov and Jelić, the short aggression questionnaire (ASQ), the depression subscale (SDD) and the depressive rumination scale (RRS). A significant positive association of the dimensions of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) with depression, depressive rumination, aggressiveness and sociosexuality was established, with a pronounced association of the dimensions of anxiety and depression. Significant positive associations between depression and aggression as well as depression and sociosexuality were also determined. In addition, gender differences were found in the dimension of avoidance, overall sociosexuality (and all its facets – desires, attitudes, behaviors) and in physical and verbal aggressiveness. Young men are sociosexually more non-restrictive, more avoidant and physically and verbally aggressive compared to girls. However, no significant gender differences were found in overall aggressiveness, anxiety dimension, depression and depressive rumination. Furthermore, as far as differences regarding sexual orientation are concerned, significant differences were found in total sociosexuality and all its facets (desires, attitudes and behaviors), anxiety, depression, depressive rumination and physical aggressiveness. Members of the LGBT population are sociosexually non-restrictive, more anxious, more depressed, significantly more prone to depressive rumination and physical aggression compared to heterosexual participants. Depressive rumination proved to be a positive significant predictor of depression in the subsample of heterosexual participants, while in the subsample of non-heterosexual participants (members of the LGBT population), depressive rumination and anger were positive significant predictors of depression. No significant contribution of the dimension of attachment, sociosexuality (with its facets concerning sexual behavior, attitudes and desires), overall aggressiveness and its three components (physical and verbal aggressiveness and hostility) in explaining depression in both heterosexual and non-heterosexual participants was found.

Roditeljstvo je jedna od najvažnijih tranzicija u životu osobe koja se odluči na zasnivanje obitelji, te ono uvelike utječe na različite aspekte života pojedinca. Pod utjecajem globalizacijskih promjena, došlo je do pluralizacije i prepoznatosti različitih oblika obitelji pri čemu jedan od najučestalijih jest jednoroditeljska obitelj u kojoj majka živi sama s djetetom, odnosno djecom. Jednoroditeljske obitelji mogu nastati rastavom, rođenjem djeteta u izvanbračnim okolnostima ili umiranjem jednog roditelja. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati razlike u doživljaju roditeljskog stresa, depresivnosti, samoprocjenama roditeljske kompetentnosti, percipirane socijalne podrške te obiteljske kohezivnosti majki s obzirom na tip obitelji kojoj pripadaju. Također, ispitan je doprinos navedenih varijabli samoprocjeni kompetentnosti u roditeljskoj ulozi. U istraživanju je sudjelovala 661 sudionica, od čega 568 sudionica živi u dvoroditeljskim obiteljima, odnosno u braku su, a 93 sudionice žive u jednoroditeljskim obiteljima. Poduzorak sudionica koje žive u jednoroditeljskim obiteljima, ponajviše sačinjavaju razvedene majke; njih 55, potom nevjenčane majke kojih je 31, te naposljetku majke udovice kojih je 8. Za potrebe istraživanja primijenjene su sljedeće skale: Skala samoprocjene kompetentnosti roditelja, Skala roditeljskog stresa, Multidimenzionalna skala percipirane socijalne podrške, Skala obiteljske kohezivnosti, Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa - 42 te upitnik općih podataka. Nije utvrđena značajna razlika u samoprocjeni roditeljskog stresa majki s obzirom na to žive li majke u jednoroditeljskoj ili dvoroditeljskoj obitelji. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da majke koje žive u jednoroditeljskim obiteljima izvještavaju o višim razinama depresivnosti i nižim razinama ukupne primljene socijalne podrške nego majke koje žive u dvoroditeljskim obiteljima. Majke se ne razlikuju u samoprocjeni vlastite roditeljske kompetentnosti s obzirom na vrstu obitelji u kojoj se nalaze (jednoroditeljska ili dvoroditeljska). Multiplom regresijskom analizom pomoću utvrđeno je da su roditeljski stres i depresivnost majki značajni prediktori roditeljske kompetentnosti objašnjavajući pritom 51% varijanace kriterija. Dakle, što su razine roditeljskog stresa i depresivnosti niže to je viša samoprocjena roditeljske kompetentnosti. Percipirana socijalna podrška i obiteljska kohezija se nisu pokazali kao značajni prediktori na ukupnom uzorku majki, te kod majki u dvoroditeljskim obiteljima. Kod majki koje žive u jednoroditeljskim obiteljima roditeljski stres i ukupna razina percipirane socijalne podrške su se pokazali kao značajni prediktori roditeljske kompetentnosti objašnjavajući 57% varijance kriterija. Što su razine roditeljskog stresa niže, a percipirana socijalna podrška viša, to je viša samoprocjena roditeljske kompetentnosti. Parenting is one of the most important transitions in the lives of people who decide to start a family, and it greatly affects various aspects of an individual's life. Under the influence of globalization changes there has been pluralization and recognition of various forms of family, with one of the most common being a single-parent family in which the mother lives alone with the child or children. Single-parent families can arise through divorce, the birth of a child out of wedlock or the death of one parent. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in the experience of parental stress, depression, self-assessments of parental competencies, perceived social support and family cohesiveness of mothers with regard to the type of family to which they belong. Also, the contribution of the mentioned variables to the self-assessment of competence in the parental role was examined. 661 participants participated in the research, of which 568 participants live in two-parent families, ie they are married, and 93 participants live in single-parent families.The subsample of participants living in single-parent families is mostly composed of divorced mothers; 55 of them, then unmarried mothers of which there are 31, and 8 widows. For the purposes of the research, the following scales were used: Scale of parental self-assessment, Parental stress scale, Multidimensional scale of perceived social support, Scale of family cohesiveness, Depression, anxiety and stress scale - 42 and a general data questionnaire. There was no significant difference in the self-assessment of parental stress of mothers with regard to the type of family in which they are (single-parent or two-parent). Research has found that mothers living in single-parent families report higher levels of depression and lower levels of total social support received than mothers living in two-parent families. Mothers do not differ in their self-assessment of their own parental competence with regard to the type of family in which they live (single-parent or two-parent). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine that parental stress and maternal depression are significant predictors of parental competence, explaining 51% of the variations in criteria. Thus, the lower the levels of parental stress and depression, the higher the self-assessment of parental competence. Perceived social support and family cohesion did not prove to be significant predictors in the overall sample of mothers, and in mothers in two-parent families. In mothers which are living in single-parent families, parental stress and the overall level of perceived social support proved to be significant predictors of parental competence, explaining 57% of the variant criteria. The lower the levels of parental stress, and the higher the perceived social support, the higher the self-assessment of parental competence.

Dijagnoza raka izaziva niz neugodnih emocija i promjena u životu oboljele osobe i njezine okoline. Osobe obolje od raka suočavaju se s medicinskim i socijalnim brigama, a čak i nakon izlječenja moraju se nositi s dugoročnim učincima liječenja i strahom od ponovnog javljanja bolesti (Siegel i sur., 2012), što može povećati razine depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Emocionalna inteligencija pokazala se važnim faktorom u prilagodbi na različite životne okolnosti, pa se tako pronalaze manje razine depresivnosti i anksioznosti kod oboljelih osoba koje imaju razvijenije emocionalne sposobnosti (Amirifard i sur., 2017). Prema dijadnoj perspektivi, oboljela osoba i njezin partner međuovisni su te zajednički sudjeluju u procesu prilagođavanja na bolest (Rottmann i sur., 2015). Uzimajući u obzir navedeno, svrha ovog istraživanja bila je ispitati emocionalnu inteligenciju i emocionalnu uznemirenost, definiranu kao depresivnost, anksioznost i stres, na uzorku osoba oboljelih od raka i njihovih partnera. Prikupljeni su podaci od 90 sudionika koji su podijeljeni u poduzorak oboljelih osoba (N=65) te poduzorak sudionika koji su istraživanju pristupili u paru (22 para). Sudionici su online putem odgovarali na upitnik općih podataka, zatim su slijedili Upitnik emocionalne kompetentnosti te Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Rezultati su pokazali da osobe oboljele od raka imaju relativno niske razine uznemirenosti te da je uznemirenost negativno povezana s emocionalnom inteligencijom. Nije pronađena razlika u depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresu s obzirom na godinu oboljenja i primanje terapije. Također, nije pronađen značajan partnerski efekt emocionalne inteligencije oboljele osobe na emocionalnu uznemirenost partnera; kao ni partnerski efekt emocionalne inteligencije partnera na emocionalnu uznemirenost oboljele osobe. The diagnosis of cancer causes a number of unpleasant emotions and changes in the life of the patient and their environment. People with cancer face medical and social worries, and even after overcoming it, they have to deal with the long-term effects of treatment and fear of recurrence (Siegel et al., 2012), which can increase levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Emotional intelligence has been shown to be an important factor in adapting to different life circumstances, thus finding lower levels of depression and anxiety in patients who have developed emotional abilities (Amirifard et al., 2017). According to the dyad perspective, patients and their partners are interdependent and jointly participate in the disease adaptation process (Rottmann et al., 2015). Given the above, the aim of this study wasto examine emotional intelligence and emotional distress, defined as depression anxiety and stress, on a sample of people diagnosed with cancer and their partners. Data was collected from 90 participants who were divided into a subsample of patients (N = 65) and a subsample of participants who approached the study in pairs (22 pairs). Participants fulfilled The Questionnaire on general respondent data, followed by the Emotional Competence Questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. The results showed that people with cancer have relatively low levels of emotional distress and that distress is negatively associated with emotional intelligence. No difference was found in depression, anxiety and stress with respect to the year of illness and receiving therapy. Also, no significant partner effect of the patient’s emotional intelligence on the partner’s emotional distress was found; nor vice versa.

Recentna istraživanja ukazuju na visoku prevalenciju gastrointestinalnih simptoma među općom populacijom. Kako gastrointestinalne poteškoće predstavljaju velik teret za društvo uključujući visoke troškove zdravstvene zaštite, slabu produktivnost rada i lošu kvalitetu života važno je istraživati i identificirati faktore koji su povezani s njima. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati ulogu neugodnih emocionalnih stanja, kognitivnih emocionalnih regulacija i usredotočene svjesnosti u objašnjenju gastrointestinalnih simptoma. U istraživanju su sudjelovale 204 punoljetne osobe čija se dob kretala između 18 i 65 godina. Mjerni instrumenti korišteni u istraživanju su upitnik općih podataka, Skala gastrointestinalnih simptoma (GSRS; Svedlund, Sjödin i Dotevall, 1988), Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS-21; Henry i Crawford, 2005), Upitnik kognitivne emocionalne regulacije (CERQ; Garnefski, Kraaij i Spinhoven, 2002) te Upitnik usredotočene svjesnosti (MAAS; Brown i Ryan, 2003). Rezultati su pokazali da postoji pozitivna povezanost doživljavanja gastrointestinalnih simptoma s neugodnim emocionalnim stanjima (depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresom) i korištenjem maladaptivnih kognitivnih strategija regulacije emocija. Između adaptivnih kognitivnih emocionalnih regulacija i gastrointestinalnih simptoma nema povezanosti. Postoji negativna povezanost doživljavanja gastrointestinalnih simptoma i usredotočene svjesnosti. Potvrđen je model djelomične medijacije kognitivne emocionalne regulacije u odnosu gastrointestinalnih simptoma i neugodnih emocionalnih stanja. Više razine gastrointestinalnih simptoma izravno doprinose jače izraženoj depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa, ali gastrointestinalni simptomi i neizravno, preko češćeg korištenja maladaptivnih strategija kognitivne emocionalne regulacije, doprinose učestalosti depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa. Recent studies indicate a high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms among the general population. As gastrointestinal difficulties represent a major burden to society including high health care costs, low work productivity and poor life quality, it is important to investigate and identify the factors associated with them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the role of unpleasant emotional states, cognitive emotional regulation, and mindfulness in explaining gastrointestinal symptoms. The study involved 204 adults aged between 18 and 65 years. Scales used in the study where general information questionnaire, The gastrointestinal symptom rating scale-GSRS; Svedlund, Sjödin i Dotevall, 1988), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - DASS-21; Henry i Crawford, 2005), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski, Kraaij i Spinhoven, 2001) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale–MAAS; Brown i Ryan, 2003). The results showed that there is a positive correlation between experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms with unpleasant emotional states (depression, anxiety, and stress) and using maladaptive cognitive strategies to regulate emotions. There is no correlation between adaptive cognitive emotional regulation and gastrointestinal symptoms. There is negative correlation between experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms and mindfulness. Mediation models indicated that the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and unpleasant emotional states was mediated by cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Higher levels of gastrointestinal symptoms directly lead to more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. However, there is an indirect path, through cognitive emotion regulation. Higher levels of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies lead to more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.

Depresija i anksioznost imaju veliki utjecaj na pojedinca i njegovo svakodnevno funkcioniranje. Depresiju karakteriziraju tuga, gubitak interesa ili zadovoljstva, osjećaj krivnje ili niske vrijednosti, poremećen san ili apetit, umor i loša koncentracija. Anksiozni poremećaji odnose se na skupinu mentalnih poremećaja koje karakteriziraju osjećaji tjeskobe i straha. Pri prehrambenom ponašanju, pod utjecajem vlastitih emocija: izbor hrane, količina i učestalost obroka ovise o mnogim varijablama koje nisu nužno povezane s njihovim fiziološkim potrebama. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi odnos anksioznosti i depresivnosti s obrascima prehrane, te je dodatni cilj ovog istraživanja utvrditi postoji li razlika između muškaraca i žena u obrascima prehrane. Obrasci prehrane su se operacionalizirali kroz tri faktora, kognitivno suzdržavanje (svjesno ograničenje unosa hrane radi kontrole tjelesne težine ili radi promicanja gubitka tjelesne težine), nekontrolirano jedenje (sklonost jesti više nego inače zbog gubitka kontrole nad unosom praćenim subjektivnim osjećajem gladi) i emocionalno jedenje (nemogućnost odupiranja emocionalnim znacima). Obrasci prehrane ispitani su Trofaktorskim upitnikom obrazaca hranjenja (TFEQ-R18) (Karlsson i sur., 2010), dok su anksioznost i depresivnost ispitani Skalom depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS) (Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995). U istraživanju sudjelovalo je 34 studenta i 128 studentica (N=162). Ustanovljena je statistički značajna povezanost između depresivnosti i anksioznosti s emocionalnim jedenjem, no nije ustanovljena povezanost depresivnosti i anksioznosti s kognitivnim suzdržavanjem i nekontroliranim jedenjem. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika između muškaraca i žena u kognitivnom suzdržavanju pri unosu hrane, nekontroliranom jedenju i emocionalnom jedenju. Depression and anxiety have a great impact on the individual and their daily functioning. Depression is characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low value, disturbed sleep or appetite, fatigue and poor concentration. Anxiety disorders refers to a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear. In eating behavior, influenced by one's emotions: food choices, quantities and frequency of meals depend on many variables that are not necessarily related to their physiological needs Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between anxiety and depression with eating patterns, and the additional goal of this study was to determine if there was a difference between men and women in eating patterns. Eating patterns were operationalized through three factors, cognitive restraint (conscious restriction of food intake to control weight or to promote weight loss), uncontrolled eating (the propensity to eat more than usual due to loss of control over intake accompanied by subjective hunger), and emotional eating ( inability to resist emotional cues). Eating patterns were examined using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQR18) (Karlsson et al., 2010), while anxiety and depression were examined by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) (Lovibond and Lovibond, 199534 male students and 128 female students (N = 162) participated in the study. A statistically significant association was found between depression and anxiety with emotional eating, but no association was found between depression and anxiety with cognitive restraint and uncontrolled eating. No statistically significant difference was found between men and women in cognitive restraint on food intake, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating.

Rak je životno ugrožavajuća bolest koja je nerijetko popraćena intenzivnim emocionalnim doživljajima koja utječu na psihološko i socijalno funkcioniranje pacijenta, ali i njegove bližnje. Prilikom samog upoznavanja pacijenta s dijagnozom maligne bolesti kod osoba se javljaju intenzivne emocionalne reakcije (Gregurek i Braš, 2008). Emocionalne i psihološke reakcije su brojne, a one koje se najčešće pojavljuju uz dijagnozu raka su anksioznost i depresivnost (Stanimirović, 2017; Jurić, Jonjić i Miličević, 2016). Međutim, postoje velike individualne razlike u načinu doživljavanja i suočavanja s bolešću što može imati različite efekte na psihološke ishode. Upravo je zbog navedenog svrha ovog rada bila ispitati odnos strategija suočavanja pacijenta te percepcije vlastite bolesti i kvalitete života, anksioznosti i depresivnosti te osobe. U istraživanju su sudjelovale 84 osobe oboljele od raka. Ispitanici su prvo ispunjavali Upitnik općih podataka zatim su slijedili upitnici: Kratki inventar boli, Upitnik percepcije bolesti, Upitnik dispozicijskog i situacijskog suočavanja sa stresom, Ljestvica bolničke anksioznosti i depresivnosti te Upitnik kvalitete života Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije. Rezultati su pokazali kako pojedini aspekti percepcije bolesti imaju značajan doprinos objašnjenju kvalitete života, anksioznosti i depresivnosti onkoloških pacijenata. Utvrđeno je da percepcija veće osobne i medicinske kontrole bolesti uz manje emocionalnih reprezentacija predviđa bolju kvalitetu života. Percepcija viših razina emocionalnih reprezentacija predviđa više razine anksioznosti, dok percepcija viših razina emocionalnih reprezentacija i ozbiljnijih posljedica bolesti (značajan utjecaj bolesti na financijsko stanje, život općenito) predviđa više razine depresivnosti pacijenta. Također, dobiveno je kako strategije suočavanja nisu u korelaciji s kvalitetom života, anksioznošću i depresivnošću. Cancer is a life-threatening disease that is often accompanied by intense emotional experiences that affect the psychological and social functioning of the patient, but also his/her loved ones. Intensive emotional reactions occur since the patient has been acquainted to his malignant illness (Gregurek & Braš, 2008). Emotional and psychological reactions are numerous, and those most frequently associated with cancer diagnosis are anxiety and depression (Stanimirović, 2017; Jurić, Jonjić & Milicevic, 2016). However, differences of experiencing and dealing with the disease that may have diverse effects on psychological outcomes are individual.Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine relationship between the patient's coping strategies, perception of his own illness and his quality of life, anxiety and depression. The study included 84 patients suffering from cancer. The respondents first filled out: The Questionnaire on general respondent data followed by questionnaires: Brief Pain Inventory (BPI, Cleeland & Ryan, 1994), The Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R, Moss-Morris, Weinman, Petrie & Buick, 2002), Short version of coping inventory (Hudek-Kneţević & Kardum, 1993), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS, Zigmond & Snaith, 1983) and World Health Organisation Quality of Life-Bref (The WHOQOL Group, 1998). The results showed that certain aspects of illness perception are significant predictors of the quality of life, anxiety and depression of oncological patients. Furthermore, results of research established that the perception of greater personal and medical control of disease with less emotional representations anticipates better quality of life. Perception of higher levels of emotional representation predicts higher levels of anxiety, while perception of higher levels of emotional representation and more serious consequences of illness (significant influence of disease on financial condition, life in general) predicts higher levels of depression of the patient. Additional findings included, results of coping strategies are not correlated with quality of life, anxiety and depression.

Recentna istraživanja anksioznosti i depresivnosti među studentima ukazuju na porast psiholoških problema u toj populaciji. Kako se ti isti problemi mogu negativno odraziti na njihovo akademsko i svakodnevno funkcioniranje, važno je identificirati i istraživati one faktore koji su povezani s problemima sa psihičkim zdravljem. Iz tog razloga, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos negativnog perfekcionizma, ruminativnog stila mišljenja, netolerancije neizvjesnosti i usredotočene svjesnosti s anksioznošću i depresivnošću kao i doprinos tih konstrukata u objašnjenju simptoma anksioznosti i depresivnosti.Također, cilj je bio ispitati razlikuju li se osobe koje su visoko i nisko na usredotočenoj svjesnosti u razinama negativnog perfekcionizma, netolerancije neizvjesnosti, ruminativnog stila mišljenja, depresivnosti i anksioznosti. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 317 studenata iz Republike Hrvatske čija se dob kretala između 18 i 41 godine. U istraživanju je korišten upitnik općih podataka, Ljestvica pozitivnog i negativnog perfekcionizma (PNPS; Terry-Short i sur., 1995), Skala ruminativnog stila mišljenja (RTS; Brinker i Dozois, 2009), Skala netolerancije neizvjesnosti (NN-11; Mihić i sur., 2014), Upitnik usredotočene svjesnosti (MAAS; Brown i Ryan, 2003) i Skala depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa (DASS- 21; Lovibond i Lovibond, 1995a). Rezultati su pokazali da postoji pozitivna povezanost anksioznosti s negativnim perfekcionizmom, netolerancijom neizvjesnosti, inhibitornom i prospektivnom anksioznošću i ruminativnim stilom mišljenja, kao i značajna negativna povezanost anksioznosti i usredotočene svjesnosti te da korelacije ostaju značajne i kada se kontrolira doprinos depresivnosti.Također, konstrukti su pokazali isti obrazac povezanosti s depresivnošću, čak i kada se kontrolirao doprinos anksioznosti. Osim toga, rezultati hijerarhijskih regresijskih analiza su pokazali da su netolerancija neizvjesnosti, usredotočena svjesnost i ruminativni stil mišljenja značajni prediktori anksioznosti na način da više razine netolerancije neizvjesnosti i ruminativnog stila mišljenja te niže razine usredotočene svjesnosti predviđaju više razine anksioznosti. Kada je riječ o depresivnosti, rezultati su pokazali da svi izabrani prediktori značajno doprinose objašnjenju varijance depresivnosti, odnosno da više razine negativnog perfekcionizma, netolerancije neizvjesnosti i ruminativnog stila mišljenja te niže razine usredotočene svjesnosti predviđaju više razine depresivnosti kod studenata. Nadalje, dobiveno je kako su kod osoba koje su visoko na usredotočenoj svjesnosti prisutne niže razine negativnog perfekcionizma, netolerancije neizvjesnosti, prospektivne i inhibitorne anksioznosti, ruminativnog stila mišljenja kao i anksioznosti i depresivnosti u usporedbi s osobama koje su nisko na usredotočenoj svjesnosti. Dobiveni rezultati u skladu su s očekivanjima i daju značajan doprinos razumijevanju istraživanih konstrukata na domaćem uzorku, no zbog složenih odnosa među ispitivanim konstruktima, potrebno je dodatno istražiti odnose među njima. Recent studies of anxiety and depression among students indicate there is an increase in psychological problems in that population. Given that those problems can negatively affect their academic and everyday functioning, it is of great importance to identify and study factors related to problems with psychological health. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between negative perfectionism, ruminative thought style, intolerance of uncertainty and mindfulness with anxiety and depression as well as their contribution in explaining the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the aim was to examine the differences in negative perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, ruminative thought style, depression and anxiety between those who are high and low on mindfulness. The study was conducted on 317 students in the Republic of Croatia whose age ranged from 18 to 41. Scales used in the study were general information questionnaire, Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PNPS; Terry-Short et al., 1995), Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire – RTS; Brinker & Dozois, 2009), Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (NN-11; Mihić et al., 2014), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale – MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS- 21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995a). The results have shown that there is a positive correlation between anxiety and negative perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, inhibitory and prospective anxiety, ruminative thought style as well as negative correlation with mindfulness. The correlation remained significant even after controlling for depression. Likewise, constructs have shown the same pattern of correlations with depression, even after controlling for anxiety. Other than that, the results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that intolerance of uncertainty, mindfulness and ruminative thought style significantly predict anxiety i.e. higher levels of intolerance of uncertainty and ruminative thought style and lower levels of mindfulness predict higher levels of anxiety. When it comes to depression, the results have shown that all selected predictors significantly contribute to the variance of depression i.e. higher levels of negative perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty and ruminative thought style along with lower levels of mindfulness predict higher levels of depression. Additionally, the results have shown that there are lower levels of negative perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, ruminative thought style, anxiety and depression in high mindfulness group compared to low mindfulness group. The results are in accordance with expectations and make a significant contribution to understanding of investigated constructs on Croatian sample but considering the complex relationship between constructs, there is need for further research.