Search

Poor sleep quality might be a potentially modifiable predictor of prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Anxiety and depression symptoms are highly prevalent in these patients. Whether anxiety and depression symptoms are risk factors for poor sleep quality in Chinese patients with CHD is unclear. This study is intended to examine the prevalence of poor sleep quality in Chinese patients with CHD and its associations with anxiety and depression symptoms, and to explore whether sex, obesity and CHD type modify these associations. Three hundred and forty-eight participants were included. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI, >7 was defined as poor sleep quality) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to assess sleep quality and psychological symptoms. 47.1% of the participants had poor sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis showed that poor sleep quality was independently associated with anxiety and depression symptoms adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. However, adjusted for anxiety symptoms, poor sleep quality was no longer associated with depression symptoms. Subgroup and interaction analysis showed that poor sleep quality was associated with markedly higher HADS anxiety and depression scores among patients with stable angina than those with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). These findings suggest that poor sleep quality was associated with both anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese patients with CHD. However, in the case of concurrent anxiety and depression, anxiety was the main related factor of a high prevalence of poor sleep quality. The association between poor sleep quality and psychological symptoms was influenced by CHD type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression and anxiety often co-occur in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study was conducted to examine the predictive value of depression, anxiety, and their combination on the prognosis of Chinese PCI patients. A multicenter prospective study was undertaken with a sample of 309 primary PCI patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was completed at baseline to assess anxiety and depression symptoms. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were recorded for 12 months after PCI. Days from baseline to the first MACE was the outcome variable. MACEs occurred in 26 (8.4%) patients. After adjustments for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, a Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that depression (HR = 2.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22–5.95; p =.014) and anxiety (HR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.18–5.54; p =.017) symptoms were independent predictors of MACEs. A subanalysis showed that the cumulative event-free survival curves did not differ among depressed and anxious patients and depressed but non-anxious patients (Log Rank p =.52). In conclusion, depression is associated with an increased risk for MACEs post-PCI, independent of anxiety. Although anxiety is associated with MACEs, it has no additional predictive value when co-occurring with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to seek affordable solutions to help bus drivers reach their health goals and improve work performance. Guided by Herzberg's motivation theory and self-determination theory, the study investigates ways of reducing the psychological risks bus drivers face by conducting an experiment among them in Shenzhen, China. During the experiment, a serving of fresh fruit (e.g., an apple or a banana) was added to their lunch for 3 weeks. The enhanced lunch helped improve work performance and well-being. Specifically, eating an extra apple or banana was found to reduce depression, and improve self-efficacy and traffic safety. The results indicate that bus drivers could be motivated to work harder as a response to small attention paid to them. This research contributes to a better understanding of food impact on work performance and well-being. It also makes a theoretical contribution to the debate on how hygiene factors may alter job performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Little research has focused on the relationship between health insurance and mental health in the community. The objective of this study is to determine how the basic health insurance system influences depression in Northwest China. Methods Participants were selected from 32 communities in two northwestern Chinese cities through a three-stage random sampling. Three waves of interviews were completed in April 2006, December 2006, and January 2008. The baseline survey was completed by 4,079 participants. Subsequently, 2,220 participants completed the first follow-up, and 1,888 completed the second follow-up. Depression symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results A total of 40.0% of participants had at least one form of health insurance. The percentages of participants with severe depressive symptoms in the three waves were 21.7%, 22.0%, and 17.6%. Depressive symptoms were found to be more severe among participants without health insurance in the follow-up surveys. After adjusting for confounders, participants without health insurance were found to experience a higher risk of developing severe depressive symptoms than participants with health insurance (7 months: OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.09-1.82; p = 0.01; 20 months: OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.37-2.61; p Conclusion A lack of basic health insurance can dramatically increase the risk of depression based on northwestern Chinese community samples.

aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with pain and to compare the correlation between depression and sleep quality and pain among adults in Northwest China, where health care resources are limited. Methods: In total, 7,602 subjects (age ≥40 years) participated in this survey. Using the Brief Pain Inventory-Chinese version, we evaluated the overall pain among respondents, including pain sites, pain intensity, and its interference in daily life. In addition, depression symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Chinese edition. Furthermore, the subjective sleep quality among participants was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: Approximately 25.2% of the participants experienced pain, and 41.7% of those perceived the worst pain they had experienced as severe pain. Chronic disease exhibited the most robust correlation with severe pain, followed by poor sleep quality. Furthermore, the correlation between depression and pain was found only in the population with severe pain. Conclusion: The study reveals that pain affects a large proportion of Chinese adults, especially females, living in rural areas, having lower incomes, unemployed, and suffering from poor health status or mental illness. Furthermore, this study suggests we should have a screen and intervention for depression and poor sleep quality among pain suffers, which will be helpful for pain management in Northwest China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Few studies have looked at the relationship between psychological and the mental health status of pregnant women in rural China. The current study aims to explore the potential mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts between negative life events and antenatal depression. Methods: Data were collected in June 2012 and October 2012. 495 rural pregnant women were interviewed. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, stresses of pregnancy were measured by the pregnancy pressure scale, negative automatic thoughts were measured by the automatic thoughts questionnaire, and negative life events were measured by the life events scale for pregnant women. We used logistic regression and path analysis to test the mediating effect. Results: The prevalence of antenatal depression was 13.7%. In the logistic regression, the only socio-demographic and health behavior factor significantly related to antenatal depression was sleep quality. Negative life events were not associated with depression in the fully adjusted model. Path analysis showed that the eventual direct and general effects of negative automatic thoughts were 0.39 and 0.51, which were larger than the effects of negative life events. Conclusions: This study suggested that there was a potentially significant mediating effect of negative automatic thoughts. Pregnant women who had lower scores of negative automatic thoughts were more likely to suffer less from negative life events which might lead to antenatal depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A magnitude 8.0 earthquake struck China's southwestern Sichuan province on 12 May 2008. The reported rates of depression symptoms across studies were not consistent, and its protective factors were unknown. This study collected data from Wenchuan earthquake survivors to estimate the prevalence of depression and explore the protective effects of social support and support source on depression. A randomized sampling cross‐sectional survey based on community was conducted in January 2009, in Mianzhu and Anxian counties, and 633 survivors were entered into the study. The Chinese edition of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Social Support Rating Scale were used to investigate depression and social support. The prevalence of probable depression in adults 6 months after the Wenchuan earthquake was 22.9% (145/633). Total social support, subjective support, support use and support from family members, neighbours and organizations negatively predicted depression. According to the results, depression was common 6 months after this major disaster. Total social support, subjective support, support use and support from family members, neighbours and organizations were all protective factors for depression after a major disaster. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Our previous study found that the dietary fiber supplement in patients with hypertension increased SCFA-producers, Bififidobacterium and Spirillum in the gut microbiota, which may be associated with improvement of depression and anxiety through the gut–brain axis. However, only a few studies have explored the association between dietary fiber intake (DFI) and the incidence of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in one comprehensive hospital and one community clinic aimed at understanding the status of DFI and the association between DFI and incidences of depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. Levels of DFI were obtained through a two-24 h diet recall. According to the levels of DFI from low to high, the participants were divided into Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups. The Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short form v1.0-Depression 8b and Anxiety 8a were used to assess patients' levels of depression and anxiety. (3) Results: A total of 459 hypertensive patients were recruited and the daily DFI was 10.4 g. The incidences of hypertension combined with depression and anxiety were 19.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Regression analysis showed statistically significant associations between DFI and depression (B = −0.346, p = 0.001) and anxiety score (B = −0.565, p < 0.001). In logistic regression, after the covariates were adjusted, DFI was associated with the incidence of depression in Q3 (OR 2.641, 95% CI 1.050–6.640) and with that of anxiety in Q1 (OR 2.757, 95% CI 1.035–7.346), compared with Q4. (4) Conclusions: A higher consumption of DF was a protective factor for depression and anxiety in hypertensive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alow carbohydrate diet (LCD) is more beneficial for the glycometabolism in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and may be effective in reducing depression. Almond, which is a common nut, has been shown to effectively improve hyperglycemia and depression symptoms. This study aimed to determine the effect of an almond-based LCD (a-LCD) on depression and glycometabolism, as well as gut microbiota and fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in patients with T2DM. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial which compared an a-LCD with a low-fat diet (LFD). Forty-five participants with T2DM at a diabetes club and the Endocrine Division of the First and Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between December 2018 to December 2019 completed each dietary intervention for 3 months, including 22 in the a-LCD group and 23 in the LFD group. The indicators for depression and biochemical indicators including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gut microbiota, and GLP-1 concentration were assessed at the baseline and third month and compared between the two groups. Results: A-LCD significantly improved depression and HbA1c (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, a-LCD significantly increased the short chain fatty acid (SCFAs)-producing bacteria Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Eubacterium. The GLP-1 concentration in the a-LCD group was higher than that in the LFD group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A-LCD could exert a beneficial effect on depression and glycometabolism in patients with T2DM. We speculate that the role of a-LCD in improving depression in patients with T2DM may be associated with it stimulating the growth of SCFAs-producing bacteria, increasing SCFAs production and GPR43 activation, and further maintaining GLP-1 secretion. In future studies, the SCFAs and GPR43 activation should be further examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few studies have focused on the exploration of the relationship between dietary fiber intake (DFI) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its mediators in hypertensive patients. This study is a cross-sectional survey and the data were obtained from hypertensive patients from Suzhou, China. The DFI, office systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, anxiety and depression, and HRQoL were investigated. We hypothesized that blood pressure, anxiety, and depression mediated the association between DFI and HRQoL, and used Pearson correlations, linear regression, and bootstrap tests to validate this relationship. A total of 211 hypertensive patients aged 20 to 64 years were included in this study. The average DFI was 12.4 ± 5.2 g/d, and the scores of physical component summary and mental component summary (MCS) were 46.5 ± 6.1 and 46.4 ± 6.4, respectively. DFI was positively correlated with physical component summary (r = 0.17, p = 0.014) and MCS (r = 0.27, P <.001). After controlling for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, neither systolic blood pressure nor diastolic blood pressure showed mediating effects in the mediated model of DFI on MCS, whereas anxiety (b = –0.30; 95% confidence interval, –0.41 to –0.18) fully mediated the improvement in MCS by DFI (F = 11.14, P <.001). Because the MCS of HRQoL encompassed the assessment of depression, we did not analyze the mediating effect of depression in this model in order to avoid variable duplication. The decreased DFI is a risk factor for lower HRQoL, and anxiety mediated the relationship between DFI and MCS. Further research should focus on increasing DFI and reducing anxiety levels in hypertensive patients to improve their quality of life. Increased dietary fiber intake in hypertensive patients was associated with improvement in HRQoL. The DFI was positively correlated with PCS and MCS and negatively correlated with anxiety, whereas anxiety was negatively associated with MCS. In addition, anxiety mediated the effect of DFI on improved MCS of HRQoL. Abbreviations: DFI, dietary fiber intake; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; MCS, mental component summary; PCS, physical component summary [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The prevalence of depression among high school students was 30.04%. • Bullying victimization is strongly associated with depressive symptoms. • School support act as a moderator effect on the relationship mentioned above. The aims of this study were to: 1) examine the relationship between being bullied and depressive symptoms; 2) explore whether the three mentioned sources of social support moderated this association; and 3) examine gender differences in the moderating effects of social support on bullying-associated depressive symptoms among Chinese high school students. A total of 1252 students were selected from three high schools in Zhenping County of Henan Province in China. The results suggest that bullying victimization is significantly associated with depressive symptoms among high school students. In addition, we found that only school-type social support had a moderating effect on depressive symptoms. Those who had been bullied but who had high levels of school support had lower levels of depressive symptoms than those with less school support. However, moderating effects of this support were only found for girls, not for boys. This study empirically supports that programs aimed at boosting social support for students from teachers and classmates, could help protect high school students from depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies have suggested that socioeconomic status is linked to health status. However, most of these studies have been conducted in developed countries, whose social settings are different from those in China. Hukou (household registration) status, one of China's main socioeconomic indicators, has received limited attention in the literature.Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between different Hukou statuses, and depression, among older adults in China.Methods: The data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). In total, 7409 Chinese older adults aged 60 and over were included in the survey. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10) was used to assess depressive symptoms. The various Hukou statuses were coded into four categories: villager, temporary rural-to-urban migrant, permanent rural-to-urban migrant and urban local citizen.Results: The results indicated that the level of depressive symptoms was significantly higher among villagers (beta [ß] 1.40, 95%CI 0.83-1.96), temporary migrants (beta [ß] 0.97 95%CI 0.38-1.56) and permanent migrants (beta [ß] 0.52 95%CI 0.04-1.00) than among urban local citizens. In addition, people who had experienced changes in their Hukou status before age 16 were more likely to have depressive symptoms (beta [ß] 1.39, 95% CI 0.20-2.58).Limitations: Being cross-sectional, this study is insufficient for determining causal relationships between Hukou status and depression.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that deeper reform of the Hukou system, and greater efforts to eliminate the health disparities associated with that system, are needed in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been eight years since the Wenchuan earthquake. We don’t know how the lives of those affected by the disaster may remain blighted by its effects, or how many remain thus affected. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship of disaster exposure, PTSD, depression and suicidal behaviors, using data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in earthquake-affected areas of China. 1369 participants were recruited from two different sites that were severely affected by the Wenchuan earthquake. The survey assessed suicidality (suicidal ideation, plans and attempts) and other mental health issues. Probable PTSD was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) Chinese edition was used to assess depressive symptoms. The results showed that 11.2% of participants felt that their lives had not yet recovered from the effects of the Wenchuan earthquake, even after eight years. Suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were reported by 9.1%, 2.9%, and 3.3%, respectively, of the respondents. PTSD, depression, and perceived non-recovery were highly associated with suicidality. These results indicate that suicidality can be a long-term mental health sequela of disaster. Targeted, long-term suicide prevention programs for adult survivors should be further developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of the present study were to identify the relationship between coping style and PTG among survivors 8 years after the Wenchuan earthquake, using data from a cross-sectional survey. 1369 participants were recruited from two different sites in the areas that were severely affected by the earthquake. Bivariate correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to assess PTG and identify associated factors. The results indicated that both positive and negative coping style can develop to PTG among adult survivors 8 years later after Wenchuan earthquake. Positive coping style had a higher correlation with “new possibilities” (β = 0.19, p < 0.001), “personal strength” (β = 0.30, p < 0.001) “appreciation of life” (β = 0.11, p < 0.001) than negative coping style, while negative coping style had a higher correlation with “relating to others” (β = 0.25, p < 0.001) than positive coping style. In addition, the study found PTSD and PTG co-exist after the earthquake, while depression was a barrier factor during the process of developing PTG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Wenchuan earthquake was China's worst natural disaster of the past three decades. Although the psychological sequelae of disasters can last for many years, the long-term sequelae and their risk factors tend to receive little research attention.Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalences of symptomalogical PTSD and depression among survivors 8 years after the Wenchuan earthquake, and to identify the shared and unshared risk factors associated with PTSD and depression, using data from a cross-sectional survey.Methods: 1369 participants were recruited from two different sites in the areas that were severely affected by the earthquake. Symptomalogical PTSD was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). The Chinese edition of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depression. Traumatic exposure to the Wenchuan earthquake was assessed using an exposure checklist designed by this study.Results: Eight years after the Wenchuan earthquake, 11.8% of the respondents had symptomalogical PTSD, and 24.8% of respondents had probable depression. The results also indicated that female gender, low education, poor perceived health, and traumatic experiences after the earthquake were associated with higher odds of both PTSD and depression among survivors. Direct exposure to the earthquake was associated with comorbid symptomalogical PTSD and depression (OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.42, 2.44). Those having only depression were more likely to be unmarried/divorced/widowed, and to have experienced fear at the time of the earthquake (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.04, 1.72), while those with only symptomalogical PTSD were likely to be from the township of Yongan as opposed to Guangji (OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.06, 3.31).Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study, and thus is insufficient for determining causal relationships with regard to chronic PTSD or depression.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that symptomalogical PTSD and depression persist among many survivors of the Wenchuan earthquake, 8 eight years later. Objective earthquake exposure is associated with symptomalogical PTSD, while subjective exposure is associated with long-term depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A four-year repeated cross-sectional survey data was used to examine PTSD symptoms. [•] The prevalence of PTSD reached 58.2% at two months, and then steadily declined. [•] Demographic and health related variables affected PTSD during the early period. [•] Depression has a long-term impact on survivors’ PTSD. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Background: On May 12, 2008, a powerful 8.0 magnitude earthquake struck China's Sichuan province. While some studies have assessed the mental and physical wellbeing of disaster victims, few have examined the long-term impact of natural disasters on pregnant women's mental health. As such, this study aims to assess whether the Sichuan earthquake continues to negatively affect women's mental health, 4 years since its occurrence. In addition, predictive and protective risk factors of depressive symptoms among pregnant women were also identified. Methods: From June 2012 to October 2012, 520 pregnant women were interviewed, of whom 253 were from an earthquake struck area and 267 were from a non-earthquake struck area. Symptoms of antenatal depression were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with a cutoff of≥10. Results: The prevalence rate of depression among pregnant women in the earthquake area was 34.5% (95% CI, 28.9–40.6), while the rate in the non-earthquake area was 39.6% (95% CI, 33.9–45.5). The perceived stresses associated with pregnancy and social support from husbands are significantly correlated with antenatal depression. Limitations: Lack of diagnosis for antenatal depression and it is a self-report evaluation. Conclusions: This study found that the Sichuan earthquake does not necessarily have a long-lasting effect on pregnant women who were once victims of the disaster. It was found that pregnant women who experience high levels of pressures from the pregnancy and receive medium support from husbands are more susceptible to experience antenatal depression than pregnant women who perceive higher levels of support from husbands. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Background: On May 12, 2008, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake struck China''s southwestern Sichuan province. Recent studies have identified mental health problems among the survivors, but little is known about the impact of the Sichuan earthquake on the mental health of pregnant women in the area. The main objective was to assess the impact of the Sichuan earthquake on the mental health of pregnant women in earthquake stricken areas. Methods: During November 2009 and January 2010, 311 pregnant women were interviewed. Symptoms of PTSD were measured using IES-R, while symptoms of antenatal depression were measured using EPDS. Results: The prevalence rate of PTSD symptoms was 12.2% (95% CI, 9.0–16.4). The rate of major depression was 40.8% (95% CI, 35.5–46.4). Living through an earthquake has been significantly correlated with PTSD but no significant correlation has been found with depression. The perceived stresses of pregnancy are significantly correlated with both depression and PTSD. Limitations: Lack of long term follow up data and comparison group from non earthquake struck area. Conclusions: 18months after the Sichuan earthquake, the incidence of depression and PTSD were still quite high among pregnant women in the earthquake stricken areas. Depression was more common than PTSD. Living through an earthquake has been significantly correlated with PTSD but not with depression. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]