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Background: A global epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis to (meth)acrylates has been described in relation to the widespread use of manicure products., Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of sensitization to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) among consecutively patch tested patients with eczema in Spain; the percentage of current relevance; the MOAHLFA index; and, the potential sources of exposure to (meth)acrylates., Methods: From January 2019 to December 2022, 2-HEMA 2% pet. was prospectively patch tested in 24 REIDAC (Spanish Allergic Contact Dermatitis Registry) centres., Results: Six thousand one hundred thirty-four patients were consecutively patch tested with 2-HEMA 2% pet. 265/6134 (4.3%) were positive. Positive reactions of current relevance were identified to involve 184/265 (69%). The efficiency (number of patch tests needed to detect relevant positive patch test reactions) was 34 (6134/184). The variable 'occupational' was found to be significantly associated with a higher risk for relevant positive reactions to 2-HEMA (OR: 10.9; 95% CI: 8.1-14.9)., Conclusion: (Meth)acrylate sensitization is a prevalent health issue in Spain. 2-HEMA 2% pet. has been identified to be a highly effective (meth)acrylate allergy marker in the GEIDAC baseline series. The responsible authorities should implement policies guaranteeing accurate labelling of industrial, medical, and consumer materials while ensuring the enforcement of said labelling through appropriate legal means., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Sensitization to acrylates is a concern in the occupational/environmental dermatology field., Objective: To describe an occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) outbreak from a smartphone screen protector glue., Methods: Thirteen affected workers of a chain store selling phone screen protectors were investigated in five Spanish dermatology departments. The glue datasheet and label were assessed. A chemical analysis of the glue was performed. Based on this, some patients underwent additional testing., Results: All patients (all female, mean age: 25) had severe fingertip dermatitis. The datasheet/label indicated that the glue contained isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), a "photoinitiator" and polyurethane oligomer. The company informed us that the ingredients were polyurethane acrylate, "methacrylate" (unspecified), acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, propylmethoxy siloxane, and photoinitiator 184. Isobornyl acrylate (or IBOA) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) were patch tested in eight and two cases, respectively, with negative results. A chemical analysis revealed 4-acryloylmorpholine (ACMO); isobornyl methacrylate (IBMA), and lauryl acrylate in one glue sample. Seven patients were patch tested with dilutions of the identified substances and six of seven were positive for ACMO 0.5% pet., Conclusion: An outbreak of occupational ACD, likely from ACMO in a glue is described. Further investigations are needed to corroborate the role played by each compound identified in the chemical analyses., (© 2022 The Authors. Contact Dermatitis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Since 2009, an increasing number of published cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from isothiazolinones in Europe was observed, amounting to an epidemic. However, only few studies have assessed the current situation after changes in European regulation., Objectives: To analyze the incidence of isothiazolinone-related ACD in our area in the last decade., Methods: A retrospective study analyzed all patients patch tested in the allergy unit in a tertiary hospital in Spain between January 2010 and June 2019. Positive patch-test reactions to methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI) and/or MI alone were recorded., Results: A total of 243 patients (9.55%) with positive patch-test reactions to MCI/MI and/or MI alone among 2544 consecutively patch-tested patients were recorded. An initial increase in the prevalence of MCI/MI allergy was observed, from 4.5% in 2010 reaching a peak in 2015, which was followed by a significant decrease until July 2019 with 3.1% prevalence in 2019., Conclusions: As shown in our data, regulatory interventions have resulted in a dramatic decrease in the prevalence of MCI and MI ACD, reaching a pre-epidemic level of 3.1% in 2019., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) are heterocyclic compounds used as preservatives in cosmetic and industrial products. They continue to be common allergens, causing positive patch test reactions in 2% to 4% of patients tested., Material and Methods: We searched the database at our skin allergy unit for all cases of sensitization to MCI/MI and MI diagnosed between January 1980 and March 2013., Results: Patch tests were performed with MCI/MI in 8705 patients and with MI in 404 patients. In total, 222 patients (2.55%) were sensitized to MCI/MI and 21 (5.19%) were sensitized to MI. The incidence of MCI/MI cases peaked between 1998 and 2005 and again between 2009 and 2013. Of the 222 patients with MCI/MI sensitization, 142 were women (64%) and 49 were men (36%); the mean age was 43 years. The most frequently affected areas were the hands (54% of cases), the arms (36%), and the face (35%); 75.67% of cases were due to cosmetics and 2.25% were due to paint. Of the 21 patients with MI sensitization (mean age, 50 years), 12 were women (57%) and 9 were men (43%). The most common site of involvement in this group was the face (71% of cases), followed by the arms (38%) and the hands (29%). All the cases were due to cosmetics., Conclusions: Our data show that sensitization to the combination of MCI and MI and MI alone has increased in recent years. It would appear to be necessary to add MI to the baseline patch test series, although the test concentration has yet to be determined., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L.U. and AEDV. All rights reserved.)