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Background/Aims: Neonatal jaundice is a common cause of hospitalisation. This study aimed to identify maternal and neonatal factors associated with neonatal jaundice among hospitalised neonates in north Jordan. Methods: This was a case control study involving 312 mothers and their neonates (106 cases, 206 controls), recruited from two governmental hospitals in north Jordan. A structured interview was used to collect data. Neonatal medical records were accessed for clinical data. Results: Maternal factors associated with higher risk of jaundice included having higher education, being employed and having had a caesarean section. Neonatal factors associated with higher risk of jaundice included being preterm, receiving <5 feeds per day and having ABO incompatibility. Conclusions: Using evidence-based guidelines for the assessment and management of risk factors helps to reduce the prevalence of jaundice requiring hospitalisation among neonates. Raising mothers' awareness of neonatal jaundice through interventions and education sessions during antenatal care, in particular for high-risk mothers, is also likely to help reduce its prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Limited research exists on the knowledge and attitudes of Jordanian community residents toward people with dementia (PwD). As the prevalence of dementia is anticipated to increase, there is a critical need for informed knowledge and positive attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian community. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate people's knowledge of and attitudes toward PwD and identify the predictors of dementia knowledge and attitudes. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional research design and utilized a self-administered questionnaire as the primary data collection method. The study employed the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) to evaluate the knowledge of the participants, and the Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS) was utilized to assess their attitudes in the Jordanian community. Multiple regression analysis was performed to find relevant factors influencing knowledge of and attitude toward dementia. Results: The study's 346 participants revealed limited knowledge about dementia, with an average ADKS score of 17.21 out of 30. However, participants showed a positive attitude toward dementia, as evidenced by a mean DAS score of 88 out of 140. Statistical analysis demonstrated significantly higher knowledge scores among employed individuals (P <.05), while females exhibited significantly higher attitude scores (P <.05). Participants with experience in geriatric clinical practice, dementia education or training, informal caregiving experience, and a desire to learn more about dementia also exhibited significantly higher knowledge and attitude scores (P <.05). Conclusion: The study offers preliminary insights into the knowledge and attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian population. The findings underscore the importance of continuing education and training to increase knowledge and understanding of dementia. Improving dementia care and support in Jordan requires enhancing knowledge and attitudes toward dementia. The study findings were presented to policymakers, with recommendations for strategic planning and the development of awareness programs. Future research can build upon these findings and promote evidence-based practices in dementia care and community awareness programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Childbirth is an important and unique event for mothers and families, but can cause fear and anxiety. All mothers have the right to adequate support for labour and a respectful birth. This study aimed to investigate the impact of supportive intrapartum care on women's perceptions of fear, pain and control during childbirth, as compared to routine care. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Jordan University Hospital with 134 pregnant women between August 2019 and January 2020. Participants were assigned to either the intervention (n=65) or control group (n=69). Data were collected using a sociodemographic form, a visual analogue scale for pain, the Wijma delivery expectancy questionnaire (B) for fear during birth, and the perceived support and control in birth scale. Results: Women receiving supportive care reported lower pain scores during the latent (t=4.15, P<0.001), active (t=4.64, P<0.001) and transition (t=2.34, P<0.05) phases of labour, less fear (t=8.66, P<0.001), and higher perceived control (t=12.46, P<0.001) and support (t=10.54, P<0.001), and had a shorter labour (t=10.367, P<0.001) compared to women receiving routine care. Low control (β=-0.35), high levels of pain (β=0.20) and low support (β=-0.19) contributed to fear during childbirth. Conclusions: Supportive intrapartum care decreased women's perceptions of pain and fear and improved perceptions of control and support. Training and support for midwives could be translated to similar settings in middle-income countries. Policies directed at routine implementation of supportive intrapartum care are essential to decrease pain and fear of childbirth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The spread of microorganisms is caused by direct or indirect contact, respiratory droplets, and airborne transmission. Knowledge and compliance with standard precautions are crucial in preventing infection in the hospital. Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge and compliance with standard precautions among registered nurses who work in military hospitals and the factors affecting compliance with standard precautions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Four hundred and eight registered nurses at three Jordanian Royal Medical Services hospitals completed an online self-report questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: The level of knowledge of standard precautions among nurses was excellent, with an overall mean score of 15.59 ± 2.22 out of 20; around half (54%) of them had an excellent level. Nurses' compliance with standard precautions was intermediate, with an overall mean score of 59.65 ± 14.57 out of 80. Forty-seven percent of nurses had a high degree of compliance. Compliance with standard precautions was correlated positively with age, working experience in years, total knowledge score, training in standard precautions, and availability of personal protective equipment, and negatively with exposure to sharp injuries. Conclusion: Nurses play a key role in preventing and managing hospital infections through their responsibility for a large proportion of patient treatment and care. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve nurses' perceptions of the basic elements of standard precautions. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: The reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the Cambridge worry scale have not been established among Arabic-speaking women. The aim of this study was to validate the Arabic version of the scale with a sample of pregnant women in Jordan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with pregnant women (n=369) in their third trimester. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to explore the underlying structure of the Arabic scale. Results: The exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factors construct jointly accounting for 83.7% of variance. The factors were sociomedical, socioeconomic, health of the mother/others and baby, and relationships. The confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor model with a root mean square error of approximation of 0.073. The alpha coefficient for the Arabic subscales ranged from 0.86–0.97. Conclusions: The Arabic version of the scale is a valid and reliable measure of common worries during pregnancy. It can provide valuable information on common concerns experienced by Jordanian women and guide psychosocial care. Understanding women's concerns will enable healthcare professionals to provide assistance and support, as well as to better meet pregnancy-related and psychosocial needs of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Workplace violence (WPV) is a growing concern that constitutes a major threat to occupational health and safety, thereby comprising a priority issue for policymakers. Given the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and comorbidities among the Lebanese population, nurses working in critical care settings encounter intense workloads and high-risk interactions, potentially increasing the risk of WPV. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the traumatic and psychological reactions of Lebanese critical nurses who have been exposed to WPV, and the risk factors for depression and anxiety. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design; 112 critical care nurses from diverse departments took part in this study during the period of June to July 2021. Results: A positive, significant correlation between WPV exposure and self-reported anxiety was observed, p =.03 with high levels of WPV, especially among patients and their families. Although verbal abuse was found to be more prevalent among critical care nurses in Lebanon compared to physical and sexual violence, the severity of the situation and its impact on the nurses' mental health and well-being cannot be ignored. Conclusions: WPV for critical care nurses is a serious issue that needs to be considered. Policy-makers should develop the politics of regulating the nursing profession, especially for critical care nurses in Lebanon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Objective: This study investigated the effects of social support, parenting stress and maternal self‐efficacy on postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Jordan. Background: Adolescent pregnancy may have serious health, social and economic consequences for young women, families and communities. In Jordan, the incidence of adolescent pregnancy has increased from 5% in 2012 to 15% in 2018. Little attention has been given to postpartum depression among adolescent mothers in Arab and Middle Eastern countries. Method: In a cross‐sectional design using convenience sampling, 200 women aged less than 20 years, six to eight weeks postpartum and who could speak and read Arabic were interviewed in a participating health clinic. The interview occurred before or after a woman's scheduled clinic appointment and included socio‐demographic data, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS), Parenting Stress Scale (PSS) and Perceived Self‐efficacy Scale (PSES). Data collection took place between December of 2018 and April of 2019. Reporting followed the STROBE guidelines. Results: Results revealed that 28.5% of adolescent mothers had probable postpartum depression. Mothers who reported high social support, high parenting stress, low self‐efficacy, financial stress and marital conflict had significantly higher EPDS scores than those who did not report these stressors. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression reported in this study warrants immediate action on early assessment, detection and intervention. High levels of social support may feel overwhelming for young mothers and contribute to high parenting stress, low maternal self‐efficacy and marital conflict. Relevance to clinical practice: Adolescent mothers are at increased risk of PPD compared to mothers over 20 years of age. Perceived quality rather than availability of social support needs to be considered. Young mothers require education and early intervention prevention strategies to better prepared them for motherhood and manage stressors associated with their changing social role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postnatal anxiety is relatively common when transitioning to parenthood; however, there are relatively few studies assessing postnatal anxiety in Middle Eastern women. Aim: To identify the prevalence of postnatal anxiety among Jordanian women and associated sociocultural factors. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with 324 women. Participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) and Maternity Social Support Scale at 6-8 weeks postpartum in addition to a sociodemographic data form. Findings: Some 45.4% of women scored above 'mild' on the DASS scale. Postnatal anxiety was significantly associated with low levels of support, giving birth to a female baby, financial difficulties, and having four or more children. Findings revealed a high level of postnatal anxiety among Jordanian women. Conclusion: There is a need for routine assessment, ongoing support, counselling and emotional care, which are important to enhance maternal satisfaction and psychological wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postpartum depression (PPD) is recognized as a common maternal health problem, but few studies have investigated the postpartum mental health of refugee women. In this cross‐sectional study, we investigated the prevalence of PPD symptoms and associated factors among Syrian refugee women living in north Jordan. Women (N = 365) were recruited from four health care centers in Ramtha and Jarash, cities in northern Jordan. Participants completed a demographic data form, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Maternal Social Support Scale at 6–8 weeks postpartum. Half (49.6%; n = 181) of the Syrian refugee women scored >12 on the EPDS. PPD symptoms were significantly associated with low social support, low monthly income, and recent immigration (less than 2 years). There is a high level of PPD symptoms among Syrian refugee women, many of whom are living in poverty and with limited social support. The results highlight the need for immediate action by governments to support childbearing refugee women with early screening for psychosocial risk and respond to women's physical and mental health, and social needs through interservice collaboration. Social support programs would meet an important need for these women, as would ongoing assessment by health professionals and early intervention for women who screen positive for PPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prevention is important to reduce the prevalence of preterm births. Although prematurity has been well studied in developed countries, data from developing countries, such as Jordan, are still limited. This retrospective study analysed medical records to determine possible risk factors leading to preterm birth in the Irbid governorate of Jordan. All preterm births during the year 2011 were reviewed. Abstracted data included mother's age and gravidity. Newborn information included gender, birthweight and gestational age at birth. A total of 647 singleton births were included. There were more females than males (54.9% vs. 45.1%), with 75.6% being the second child or more. Half the mothers (50.2%) were 25-35 years of age. Factors associated with preterm birth were male gender ( P = 0.008), maternal age > 35 years ( P = 0.005) and first birth ( P = 0.003). Nurses need to provide support and education to mothers with potential risk about reproductive health and family planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]