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The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between residential distance to high-voltage power lines and neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. A Swiss study previously found increased risk of Alzheimer's disease for people living within 50 m of a power line. A register-based case-control study including all patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases during the years 1994–2010 was conducted among the entire adult population of Denmark. Using conditional logistic regression models, hazard ratios for ever living close to a power line in the time period 5–20 years before diagnosis were computed. The risks for developing dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and motor neuron disease were not increased in persons living within close vicinity of a power line. The risk of Alzheimer's disease was not increased for ever living within 50 m of a power line (hazard ratio = 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 1.56). No dose-response according to number of years of living within 50 m of a power line was observed, but there were weak indications of an increased risk for persons diagnosed by the age of 75 years. Overall, there was little support for an association between neurodegenerative disease and living close to power lines. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Simple Summary: The treatment of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, the two major types of malignant bone tumors in children, has progressed considerably during the last decades, with more patients becoming long-term survivors. This improvement has resulted in an increasing number of patients with long-term adverse health consequences from the life-saving treatment. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed, comprehensive overview of somatic diseases that require hospitalization in long-term survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. This study contributes new insights into the risk of somatic late effects in survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma which are urgently requested by pediatric oncologists, researchers, and by survivors and their families. The study provides an essential basis for the development of preventive intervention strategies and for optimal patient counseling and follow-up care, which all contribute to improving the health and quality of life in survivors. Survivors of malignant bone tumors in childhood are at risk of long-term adverse health effects. We comprehensively reviewed cases of somatic diseases that required a hospital contact in survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. In a population-based cohort study, 620 five-year survivors of osteosarcoma (n = 440) or Ewing sarcoma (n = 180), diagnosed before the age of 20 years in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden during 1943–2008, were followed in the national hospital registers. Overall rates of hospital contacts for any somatic disease and for 12 main diagnostic groups and 120 specific disease categories were compared with those in a matched comparison cohort (n = 3049) randomly selected from the national population registers. The rate of hospital contact for any somatic disease was 80% higher in survivors of malignant bone tumors than in comparisons and remained elevated up to 30 years after diagnosis. The rate of hospital contacts was higher after Ewing sarcoma (rate ratio (RR) 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.76–2.85) than after osteosarcoma (RR 1.67; 95% CI 1.41–1.98). Elevated rates were observed for 11 main diagnostic groups, including infections, second malignant neoplasms, and diseases of the skin, bones, and circulatory, digestive, endocrine, and urinary systems. Survivors of malignant bone tumors in childhood are at increased risk of somatic diseases many years after diagnosis. This comprehensive study contributes new insight into the risk of late effects in survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, which is an essential basis for optimal patient counseling and follow-up care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]