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To investigate what factors are associated with food insecurity (FI) among freshman students and identify potential solutions. 73 freshman students. Cross-sectional, Internet survey-based study. Fisher's Exact tests examined factors associated with food security (FS); Cohen's Kappa assessed the agreement between FI scores and self-assessment; thematic analysis used Nvivo 12. FI was 54.2% among the diverse students (65% non-white). Factors associated with FS included mother with a college degree (p =.018); father employed full-time (p <.001); identifying one's family financial situation as better than others (p = <.001); not obtaining personal student loans (p = 0.022). Students with FI tended to overestimate their FS status. Suggested solutions for FI included: improved finances, improved food accessibility, improved cooking skills. Future interventions should target freshmen who obtain personal student loans or have parents with less than a college degree or unstable employment status. (148) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study identified which energy expenditure (EE) and dietary intake outcomes determine EE from doubly-labeled water (DLW) in U.S. older adults (n = 681; 45.9% male; mean age 63.2). A secondary data analysis using baseline data from The Interactive Diet and Activity Tracking in AARP (IDATA) study was conducted. Stepwise linear regressions identified predictor outcomes of EE from DLW within sexes. Outcomes included data from ActiGraph accelerometers, Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) self-report activity questionnaire, Automated Self-Administered 24-hour dietary recall, Dietary History Questionnaire II (DHQ II), and resting EE. Energy expenditure by ActiGraph in males predicted EE from DLW (R2 = 0.33, p <.001). EE from ActiGraph and total dietary fiber from DHQ II predicted EE from DLW in females (R2 = 0.44, p <.001). The CHAMPS closely matched EE from DLW when considering resting EE. These findings can be used to assess energy balance in a non-invasive manner in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the impact of a new food scholarship program on nutrient intake and dietary quality. Participants: College students (n = 49), female (78%), single (76%), average age 28 years, and white (49%). Methods: Fruits, vegetables, dairy, meat products and nonperishable foods were distributed twice a month. A one-group pretest post-test intervention compared baseline and 10 weeks data. Food security was measured and three-day food records assessed nutrient intake, Health Eating Index (HEI)-2015 (total and component) scores, and food group servings. Paired t-test at baseline and 10 weeks were performed (SPSS v25) (p < 0.05). Results: Prevalence of food insecurity did not change (baseline 53%, 10 weeks 47%). Protein, (p = 0.001), niacin (p = 0.002), magnesium (p = 0.034), phosphorous (p = 0.039), potassium (p = 0.019), and vegetable servings (p = 0.034) intake increased. Total HEI-2015 scores remained unchanged but HEI-2015 vegetable scores increased (p = 0.023). Conclusion: Increased intake of some nutrients and vegetable servings were achieved with the food scholarship program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symptoms associated with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) hinder overall functionality. This study examined factors that impacted daily life and contributed to overall daily functionality in adults with POTS (n = 958, ages 18–60). Descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses indicated that participants with fewer challenges in ADLs, IADLs, work, school, leisure, and socializing had overall better functionality. Furthermore, 'younger age with exercise tolerance', 'having a job', and 'no falls in the last year' were predictors of better functionality. A comprehensive approach to addressing physical, environmental, and psychological factors could help improve overall functionality and enhance quality of life in individuals with POTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important for clinicians to have a better understanding of stroke survivor's goals. Important performance analysis (IPA) is a tool that could be utilized to identify goal priorities in rehabilitation. To examine the utility of the IPA method to identify goal priorities in a diverse group of community dwelling stroke survivors. Thirty-eight stroke survivors completed private structured interviews and were asked to rate their perceived importance and performance of 37 goal areas. Important-performance analysis (IPA) was utilized to determine goal priorities for the overall sample. Different IPA methods used to identify goal priorities were compared. Goal priorities were also compared by age (dichotomized as <65 and ≥65 years) and sex (male or female). The IPA method effectively separated the goals into the four quadrants, and distinguished which goals were a priority for the sample of stroke survivors. The five goals that were consistently identified as a focus area were: hand function, driving, balance, memory, and arm strength. Men rated mood control as more important than women (p =.046). The two goals rated as being more important for those older than 65 were home accessibility (p =.008) and skin health (p <.001). Stroke survivors continue to have goals related to their stroke recovery in the years after their stroke. Both current performance as well as perceived importance should be considered during goal discussions with stroke survivors. IPA can help identify goal priorities in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]