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To explore novel and efficient ECL luminophores, a series of cationic iridium(III) complexes with 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline as the ancillary ligand and various main ligands were investigated in this work. The comprehensive studies demonstrate complex 1, with 2-phenylbenzothiazole (bt) as main ligand, exhibited superior ECL properties in aqueous buffer compared to other complexes. Importantly, the structurally optimized complex 1 was successfully further encapsulated into silica nanoparticles to prepare electrochemiluminescent iridium(III)-doped silica nanoparticles (Ir@SiO 2 NPs). These Ir@SiO 2 NPs were then utilized to construct a sensitive and specific ECL aptamer sensor for detecting acetamiprid residues in tea. Notably, our developed sensor demonstrated wide linear ranges from 10 pM to 10 μM and low limit of detection of 1.3 pM. These experimental results presented in this work undoubtedly demonstrate iridium(III)-doped silica nanoparticles as a new and efficient type of ECL nano-emitter have great potentials in ECL-related analytical applications in the future. [Display omitted] • A series of iridium(III) complexes as new ECL luminophores were investigated. • Silica nanoparticles with structure-optimized iridium complexes were prepared. • A new ECL aptamer sensor to monitor acetamiprid residues in tea were constructed. • The aptamer sensor exhibited notable sensitivity, selectivity and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to overcome the poor solubilities of iridium-based ECL luminophores and explore self-enhanced ECL luminophores, polyethyleneimine (PEI) covalently linked with iridium complex via amide bonds (abbreviated as Ir-PEI) as a new novel intramolecular self-enhanced water-soluble ECL reagent has been unprecedently designed and successfully synthesized in this work. The chemical structure data, FT-IR spectra, photophysical, electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence of this new ECL reagent have been well characterized. In addition, in order to investigate its properties in the real applications, a corresponding new sensitive and specific ECL-based aptasensor to monitor tetracycline (TET) residues in honey and lake water has been further constructed based on this novel self-enhanced reagent of Ir-PEI in this work. This as-prepared intramolecular self-enhanced water-soluble of Ir-PEI illustrated in this work would pave a new avenue to promote the analytical applications of iridium-based ECL luminophores in the future. A novel efficient intramolecular self-enhanced water-soluble iridium-based electrochemiluminescence reagent of Ir-PEI has been prepared and also demonstrated acceptable performances in the applications of ECL aptasensor. [Display omitted] • An intramolecular self-enhanced water-soluble ECL reagents has been synthesized. • This novel ECL reagents have been employed to construct an aptasensor. • This aptasensor has an acceptable performance in real sample detection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]