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4 results on '"Varshney, Ashutosh"'

2. Battles Half Won : The Political Economy of India's Growth and Economic Policy since Independence

Author

Ahmed, Sadiq and Varshney, Ashutosh

Subjects
GROWTH RATES, COMMAND ECONOMY, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES, SHAREHOLDERS, INFLATION, EMPLOYMENT, WAGE DIFFERENTIALS, POLICY MAKERS, EXCHANGE CONTROLS, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY, DEBT SERVICE, POLICY PROCESS, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, SECTORAL COMPOSITION, PER CAPITA INCOME, PUBLIC SPENDING, ECONOMIC BOOM, WITHDRAWAL, RATE OF GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT PRACTITIONERS, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, TRANSPARENCY, SKILLED WORKERS, LABOR SUPPLY, POLITICAL PROCESS, CORPORATE TAX RATES, ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, INCOMES, HOLDING, ECONOMIC SECTORS, POLICY CHANGE, REAL WAGES, GLOBAL ECONOMY, ECONOMIC REALM, PURCHASING POWER, TRADE BARRIERS, DEREGULATION, DEVALUATION, LONG-TERM GROWTH, INCOME INEQUALITY, ELASTICITY, MONETARY POLICY, TAX COLLECTIONS, INDUSTRIALIZATION, FISCAL DEFICITS, REFORM PROGRAM, POVERTY REDUCTION, UNEQUAL SOCIETY, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, WORK FORCE, ANNUAL GROWTH, LABOR LAWS, POLICY CIRCLES, CURRENCY DEVALUATION, ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES, PUBLIC GOOD, PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH, URBAN POVERTY, GDP, LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY, SECONDARY ENROLLMENT, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, PRO-POOR, NATIONAL SAVINGS, LIFE EXPECTANCY, POLITICAL ECONOMY, RAPID INDUSTRIALIZATION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, AVERAGE GROWTH, EXPORTS, INDUSTRIAL POLICY, INVESTMENT REGULATIONS, CAPITAL MARKETS, FISCAL POLICY, SAVING RATE, ECONOMIC REFORM, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FOREIGN CAPITAL, POOR PEOPLE, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, CURRENCY, ECONOMICS PROFESSION, INVESTMENT RATE, INVESTMENT RATES, INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS, ECONOMIC HISTORY, CENTRAL PLANNING, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, GLOBAL MARKETS, UNDERESTIMATES, NDP, INCOME GROUPS, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, ECONOMICS, WAGE INCREASES, DOWNSIDE RISKS, POVERTY LINE, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, INVESTMENT REGIMES, DIMINISHING RETURNS, MARKET ECONOMY, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, LAND REFORMS, CAPITAL FLOWS, TAX, FOREIGN INVESTORS, STOCK MARKET, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EXCHANGE RATES, INCOME INEQUALITIES, LOW-INCOME ECONOMY, CASUAL WORKERS, ECONOMIC REFORMS, FINANCIAL SECTOR, LAYOFFS, BENEFICIARIES, INSTRUMENT, LABOR MARKET POLICIES, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, PRODUCTIVITY, INVESTING, INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES, INFLATION RATE, ABSOLUTE TERMS, IMPORT TARIFFS, POLITICAL STABILITY, POLITICAL ECONOMIES, RESERVES, MARKET REFORMS, RAPID GROWTH, PER-CAPITA INCOME, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, DEMOCRACY, URBAN WORKERS, BASIC EDUCATION, GROWTH PROCESS, DEVELOPING WORLD, WAGES, RURAL POVERTY, GROWTH PERFORMANCE, EXTERNAL DEBT, LABOR MARKET, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, GDP PER CAPITA, PROFIT MOTIVE, EQUAL RIGHTS, PUBLIC SECTOR, TAX CONCESSION, DEBT, ECONOMIC EXPANSION, MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, TRADE POLICIES, RESERVE BANK, AVERAGE LEVEL, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, RETURN, AGRICULTURE, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, INFANT MORTALITY, PRICE CONTROLS, DOMESTIC DEBT, MACROECONOMIC POLICIES, MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, ACCOUNTING, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, COUNTRY CASE, REMITTANCES, ECONOMIC OUTCOMES, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, MACROECONOMIC CRISIS, NET DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GOVERNMENT FINANCES, OUTPUT, RESERVE, INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, EQUITY ISSUES, SAVINGS RATE, BARGAINING, INDUSTRIAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, GNP, ECONOMIC POLICY, POLICY STANCE, ECONOMIC THEORIES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, LABOR UNIONS, UNSKILLED WORKERS, STOCK MARKETS, TRADE REGIMES, FISCAL POLICIES, LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, GROWTH IMPACT, INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES, LABOR ABSORPTION, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CRISIS, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, INEQUALITY DATA, PAYMENTS CRISIS, POWER PARITY, ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION, JOB CREATION, NATIONAL SAVING, CAPITAL ACCUMULATION, LABOR FORCE, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, ADVERSE EFFECTS, CAPITAL INFLOWS, INTEREST BURDEN, URBAN AREAS, CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT, POLITICAL ARENA
Abstract

Rapid growth since 1980 has transformed India from the world's 50th ranked economy in nominal U.S. dollars to the 10th largest in 2005. The growth of per capita income has helped reduce poverty. At the same time, evidence suggests that income inequality is rising and that the gap in average per capita income between the rich and poor states is growing. This paper reviews India's long term growth experience with a view to understanding the determinants of growth and the underlying political economy. The paper looks specifically at the political economy of India's growth transformation from a low-growth environment (pre-1980s) to a rapid-growth environment (post 1980s) and asks how sustainable is this transformation in view of concerns about regional disparity and income inequality. The paper concludes that the pledge that India's post-independence leadership had undertaken to abolish mass poverty remains only partially redeemed. Half the battle still lies ahead. Many more would like the fruits of the economic boom to come to them. The greatest challenge for India's policy makers today is to balance the growth momentum with inclusionary policies.

Published
2008

3. WHY HAVE POOR DEMOCRACIES NOT ELIMINATED POVERTY?

Author

Varshney, Ashutosh

Subjects
*INCOME, *DEMOCRACY, *ECONOMIC policy, *POVERTY, *POOR people, DEVELOPING countries
Abstract

Discusses the impact of income levels to poverty in India in the nineteen fifties and nineteen sixties. Impact of democracy to poor in developing countries; Role of the poor in economic policy-making; Conclusions.

Published
2000
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4. Ideas, interest and institutions in policy change: Transformation of India's agricultural strategy in the mid-1960s.

Author

Varshney, Ashutosh

Subjects
SOCIAL policy, PUBLIC welfare, INTELLECTUALS, AGRICULTURE, DEVELOPING countries
Abstract

Over the last ten years, policy change in the third world has become a matter of considerable intellectual and practical importance. For the theoretically inclined, how one explains changes in the behavior of the state is the main issue. Both Marxian and liberal orthodoxies had a tendency to 'read off' state behavior from the power relationships at the level of the society, though differing in the way they conceptualized power. The return of institutional and state centric explanations over the last decade has attempted to reverse this bias by looking more closely at the power struggles within the state institutions. For the practically inclined, the powerful intellectual rationale behind so many policy recommendations has often been puzzlingly lost in the maze of politics. What 'interests' impede the implementation of good 'ideas,' what 'institutions' block 'getting policies right' - these are some of the key questions on the agenda of international development institutions. Responding to these varied concerns, this paper analyzes a particularly successful case of policy change. While most of third world was still experimenting with land reforms and cooperatives as the ways to develop agriculture, India in the mid-1960s switched to producer price incentives and investments in new technology, a change that is widely believed to have turned India from a food-deficit to a food-surplus country. The focus is on how ideas, interests and institutions interacted to produce the change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989
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