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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) may promote hyperglycemia and insulin resistance., Objective: We studied the link between sleep apnea and microvascular diabetic complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2)., Design: A retrospective electronic chart of all veterans referred for sleep studies over a 1-year period was reviewed. Ninety-eight patients with a glycosylated hemoglobin < 6.5% were included in the study. The degree of glycemia (HbA1c) and presence of macro- and microvascular complications were compared with OSAS variables., Method: Statistical analysis examined bivariate associations between OSAS variables and metabolic syndrome parameters., Results: The apnea hypopnea index was significantly related to diabetic microvascular complications, particularly retinopathy. Oxygen desaturation was significantly and inversely related to microalbuminuria, microvascular complications, retinopathy, and HbA1c., Conclusions: Sleep apnea is associated with microvascular complications even in well-controlled DM-2 veterans., Clinical Implications: Screening for OSAS should be considered in patients with DM-2.