2,698 results
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2. Nanocellulose coated paper diagnostic to measure glucose concentration in human blood
- Author
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Laila Hossain, Marisa De Francesco, Patricia Tedja, Joanne Tanner, and Gil Garnier
- Subjects
nanocellulose ,paper ,enzyme ,glucose oxidase ,glucose sensor ,diagnostic ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
A new generation of rapid, easy to use and robust colorimetric point of care (POC) nanocellulose coated-paper sensors to measure glucose concentration in blood is presented in this study. The cellulose gel containing the enzyme with co-additive is coated and dried onto a paper substrate. Nanocellulose gel is used to store, immobilize and stabilize enzymes within its structure to prolong enzyme function and enhance its availability. Here, we immobilize glucose oxidase within the gel structure to produce a simple colorimetric blood glucose sensor. Increase in blood glucose concentration increases the concentration of reaction product which decreases the system pH detected by the pH indicative dye entrapped in the nanocellulose gel. The sensor produces a color change from red to orange as pH decreases due to the enzymatic reaction of glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide. This sensor can measure glucose concentrations of 7–13 mM (medical range for diabetes control) at temperatures of 4°C–40°C. Stability tests confirm that no denaturation of enzyme occurs by measuring enzyme activity after 4 weeks. A prototype device is designed to instantly measure the glucose concentration from blood in a two steps process: 1) red blood cell separation and 2) quantification of glucose by color change. This study demonstrates nanocellulose sensor as an economical, robust, and sensitive diagnostic technology platform for a broad spectrum of diseases.
- Published
- 2022
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3. ISO26262-Compliant Development of a High Dependable Automotive Powertrain Item
- Author
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Sini, Jacopo, Violante, Massimo, Dessi, Riccardo, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, editor, and Petrone, Giovanni, editor
- Published
- 2020
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4. An Update on Machine Learning in Neuro-Oncology Diagnostics
- Author
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Booth, Thomas C., Hutchison, David, Series Editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series Editor, Kittler, Josef, Series Editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series Editor, Mitchell, John C., Series Editor, Naor, Moni, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series Editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series Editor, Tygar, Doug, Series Editor, Crimi, Alessandro, editor, Bakas, Spyridon, editor, Kuijf, Hugo, editor, Keyvan, Farahani, editor, Reyes, Mauricio, editor, and van Walsum, Theo, editor
- Published
- 2019
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5. Magnetic Bead Handling Using a Paper-Based Device for Quantitative Point-of-Care Testing
- Author
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Kevin Arias-Alpízar, Ana Sánchez-Cano, Judit Prat-Trunas, Elena Sulleiro, Pau Bosch-Nicolau, Fernando Salvador, Inés Oliveira, Israel Molina, Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá, Eva Baldrich, Institut Català de la Salut, [Arias-Alpízar K, Sánchez-Cano A] Grup de Recerca en Nanoeines Diagnòstiques, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain. [Prat-Trunas J] Grup de Recerca en Nanoeines Diagnòstiques, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. [Sulleiro E, Sánchez-Montalvá A] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain. Centre de Salut Internacional i Malalties Transmissibles Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Bosch-Nicolau P, Salvador F, Oliveira I, Molina I] Centre de Salut Internacional i Malalties Transmissibles Drassanes-Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Baldrich E] Grup de Recerca en Nanoeines Diagnòstiques, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
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Plasmodium falciparum ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Magnetic particles ,Biomedical Engineering ,immuno-modified magnetic beads ,paper-based diagnostic device ,low-cost assay automation ,smartphone colorimetric detection ,point-of-care testing ,malaria quantitative diagnosis ,Assay automation ,Analytical Chemistry ,Diagnòstic ,Health Services Administration::Patient Care Management::Point-of-Care Systems::Point-of-Care Testing [HEALTH CARE] ,Lactate Dehydrogenases ,Immuno-modified magnetic beads ,Low-cost assay ,Instrumentation ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Point-of-care (POC) ,Immunoassay ,Nanotecnologia ,Magnetic Phenomena ,Reproducibility of Results ,Quantitative diagnosis ,General Medicine ,tecnología, industria y agricultura::tecnología::miniaturización::nanotecnología [TECNOLOGÍA, INDUSTRIA Y AGRICULTURA] ,Investigative Techniques::Immunologic Techniques::Immunoassay [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT] ,Malaria ,Point-of-care testing ,Immunologia - Tècnica ,Technology, Industry, and Agriculture::Technology::Miniaturization::Nanotechnology [TECHNOLOGY, INDUSTRY, AND AGRICULTURE] ,Smartphone colorimetric detection ,administración de los servicios de salud::gestión de la atención al paciente::sistemas de atención en la cabecera del paciente::análisis de diagnóstico inmediato [ATENCIÓN DE SALUD] ,técnicas de investigación::técnicas inmunológicas::inmunoanálisis [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS] ,Paper diagnostic device ,Biosensor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Low-cost assay automation; Malaria quantitative diagnosis; Smartphone colorimetric detection Automatització d'assaigs de baix cost; Diagnòstic quantitatiu de la malària; Detecció colorimètrica del telèfon intel·ligent Automatización de ensayos de bajo costo; Diagnóstico cuantitativo de la malaria; Detección colorimétrica de teléfono inteligente Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have been extensively proposed as ideal tools for point-of-care (POC) testing with minimal user training and technical requirements. However, most μPADs use dried bioreagents, which complicate production, reduce device reproducibility and stability, and require transport and storage under temperature and humidity-controlled conditions. In this work, we propose a μPAD produced using an affordable craft-cutter and stored at room temperature, which is used to partially automate a single-step colorimetric magneto-immunoassay. As a proof-of-concept, the μPAD has been applied to the quantitative detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (Pf-LDH), a biomarker of malaria infection. In this system, detection is based on a single-step magneto-immunoassay that consists of a single 5-min incubation of the lysed blood sample with immuno-modified magnetic beads (MB), detection antibody, and an enzymatic signal amplifier (Poly-HRP). This mixture is then transferred to a single-piece paper device where, after on-chip MB magnetic concentration and washing, signal generation is achieved by adding a chromogenic enzyme substrate. The colorimetric readout is achieved by the naked eye or using a smartphone camera and free software for image analysis. This μPAD afforded quantitative Pf-LDH detection in
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
6. Paper-based microfluidics for rapid diagnostics and drug delivery
- Author
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Zhugen Yang, Kang Mao, Xiaocui Min, Hua Zhang, Kuankuan Zhang, Haorui Cao, and Yongkun Guo
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0303 health sciences ,Medical diagnostic ,Foodborne pathogen ,Computer science ,Microfluidics ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,diagnostic ,Pharmaceutical Science ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Paper-based microfluidics ,Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ,Pharmaceutical Preparations ,Infectious disease diagnosis ,LAMP ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,drug delivery ,Drug delivery ,Systems engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Paper is a common material that is promising for constructing microfluidic chips (lab-on-a-paper) for diagnostics and drug delivery for biomedical applications. In the past decade, extensive research on paper-based microfluidics has accumulated a large number of scientific publications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis, food safety, environmental health, drug screening and delivery. This review focuses on the recent progress on paper-based microfluidic technology with an emphasis on the design, optimization and application of the technology platform, in particular for medical diagnostics and drug delivery. Novel advances have concentrated on engineering paper devices for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which could be integrated with nucleic acid-based tests and isothermal amplification experiments, enabling rapid sample-to-answer assays for field testing. Among the isothermal amplification experiments, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), an extremely sensitive nucleic acid test, specifically identifies ultralow concentrations of DNA/RNA from practical samples for diagnosing diseases. We thus mainly focus on the paper device-based LAMP assay for the rapid infectious disease diagnosis, foodborne pathogen analysis, veterinary diagnosis, plant diagnosis, and environmental public health evaluation. We also outlined progress on paper microfluidic devices for drug delivery. The paper concludes with a discussion on the challenges of this technology and our insights into how to advance science and technology towards the development of fully functional paper devices in diagnostics and drug delivery.
- Published
- 2020
7. Paper-Based Sensors for Biomedical Applications
- Author
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Shergujri, Mohd Aurif, Jaman, Rabeuj, Baruah, Arup Jyoti, Mahato, Mrityunjoy, Pyngrope, Davidson, Singh, L. Robindro, Gogoi, Manashjit, and Paul, Sudip, editor
- Published
- 2019
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8. Enabling animal rabies diagnostic in low-access areas: Sensitivity and specificity of a molecular diagnostic test from cerebral tissue dried on filter paper
- Author
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Rasolonjatovo, Felana, Guis, Hélène, Rajeev, Malavika, Dacheux, Laurent, Nomenjanahary, Lalaina, Razafitrimo, Girard, Rafisandrantantsoa, Jean Théophile, Cêtre-Sossah, Catherine, Heraud, Jean-Michel, Andriamandimby, Soa Fy, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université d'Antananarivo, Centre National de Recherche Appliquée au Développement Rural (FOFIFA), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Princeton], Princeton University, Centre National de Référence de la Rage - National Reference Center Rabies (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was funded by Institut Pasteur of Madagascar (IPM), by INTERREG FEDER TROI 2015-2017 under the DP One Health Indian Ocean (www.onehealth-oi.org) and was supported by DARRI (Institut Pasteur, Paris) and Institut Carnot 'Pasteur Microbe & Sante' (grant INNOV-36-19) and by a PTR (Programmes Tranversaux de Recherche) grant (PTR 237-19) from Institut Pasteur Paris., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
- Subjects
RNA viruses ,Viral Diseases ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,RC955-962 ,Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension ,L73 - Maladies des animaux ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biochemistry ,Fats ,Filter Paper ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Specimen Storage ,Zoonoses ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,disease recognition [EN] ,Mammals ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Brain ,Eukaryota ,Lipids ,Laboratory Equipment ,PCR ,Infectious Diseases ,Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ,Medical Microbiology ,Viral Pathogens ,Méthode alternative ,Viruses ,Vertebrates ,Engineering and Technology ,Pathogens ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Research Article ,Neglected Tropical Diseases ,Asia ,Rabies ,Equipment ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Microbiology ,Rage ,Specimen Handling ,Rabies Virus ,Extraction techniques ,Dogs ,Animals ,Diagnostic ,Desiccation ,Pays en développement ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Developing Countries ,Microbial Pathogens ,Molecular Biology ,Analyse de tissus ,Organisms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Tropical Diseases ,RNA extraction ,Storage and Handling ,Africa ,Amniotes ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,Lyssavirus - Abstract
Rabies is a lethal zoonotic encephalomyelitis that causes an estimated 59,000 human deaths yearly worldwide. Although developing countries of Asia and Africa bear the heaviest burden, surveillance and disease detection in these countries is often hampered by the absence of local laboratories able to diagnose rabies and/or the difficulties of sample shipment from low-access areas to national reference laboratories. Filter papers offer a convenient cost-effective alternative for the sampling, shipment, and storage of biological materials for the diagnosis of many pathogens including rabies virus, yet the properties of diagnostic tests using this support have not been evaluated thoroughly. Sensitivity and specificity of molecular diagnosis of rabies infection using a reverse transcription followed by a hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-hn-PCR) either directly on brain tissue or using brain tissue dried on filter paper were assessed on 113 suspected field animal samples in comparison to the direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) recommended by the World Health Organization as one of the reference tests for rabies diagnosis. Impact of the duration of the storage was also evaluated. The sensitivity and the specificity of RT-hn-PCR i) on brain tissue were 96.6% (95% CI: [88.1–99.6]) and 92.7% (95% CI: [82.4–98.0]) respectively and ii) on brain tissue dried on filter paper 100% (95% CI: [93.8–100.0]) and 90.9% (95% CI: [80.0–97.0]) respectively. No loss of sensitivity of RT-hn-PCR on samples of brain tissue dried on filter paper left 7 days at ambient temperature was detected indicating that this method would enable analyzing impregnated filter papers sent to the national reference laboratory at ambient temperature within a 1-week shipment time. It could therefore be an effective alternative to facilitate storage and shipment of samples from low-access areas to enhance and expand rabies surveillance., Author summary Dogs are responsible for 99% of human rabies deaths. Facilitating diagnostic of rabid dogs can help further identify i) people who were exposed to rabies in order to encourage them to seek post exposure prophylaxis and ii) other exposed animals to break the transmission chain (i.e. prevent them from further transmitting the virus to other people and animals). Yet, the reference diagnostic method for animal rabies requires brain samples to be collected post-mortem and shipped under temperature-controlled conditions. The shipping of such samples is complex in low-access areas, especially in low income countries, which are often those that bear the heaviest rabies burden. Filter papers offer a convenient alternative for biological sample shipment and storage. Here the efficiency of a molecular diagnostic method applied to brain tissue dried on filter paper is compared to one of the reference methods, the direct fluorescent antibody test. Our results show it has an excellent sensitivity (it does not miss any positive samples), even when filter papers are left 7 days at ambient temperature. These results let us foresee a cost-effective alternative facilitating shipment, storage and testing of samples from rabies suspected animals from low-access areas. This could considerably enhance and expand rabies surveillance in low-income countries, allowing a more comprehensive evaluation of rabies burden, and thus reinforcing arguments for allocating funds to rabies control policies.
- Published
- 2020
9. Algorithm for Determining the State of Impregnated Paper Insulation of High-Voltage Cables.
- Author
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Sidorova, Anna, Semenov, Dmitry, Cheremukhin, Artem, and Astakhova, Tatyana
- Subjects
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ALGORITHMS , *CABLES , *VOLTAGE , *POLYNOMIALS - Abstract
The paper presents a technique for determining the time index of growth of the slope of reverse voltage for double insulated cables, based on the body of the theory of series. It is proved that in the vicinity of the extremum point (maximum) the function of the reverse voltage is approximated by polynomials of the nth power. It is proposed to use second-degree polynomials for practical calculations. The method for calculating relevant indicators is illustrated using real data. Analysis of deviations made it possible to conclude that the calculation method proposed in the paper is far more accurate. In the final part of the study, it was concluded that there is a promising outlook for further development of methodological guidelines for determining complex indices of the remaining life of the cable, including but not limited to the use of various mathematical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Indoor residual spraying practices against Triatoma infestans in the Bolivian Chaco: contributing factors to suboptimal insecticide delivery to treated households.
- Author
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Gonçalves, Raquel, Logan, Rhiannon A. E., Ismail, Hanafy M., Paine, Mark J. I., Bern, Caryn, and Courtenay, Orin
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INSECTICIDES ,TRIATOMA ,CHAGAS' disease ,VECTOR control ,HOUSEHOLDS ,FILTER paper - Abstract
Background: Indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides is a key method to reduce vector transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, causing Chagas disease in a large part of South America. However, the successes of IRS in the Gran Chaco region straddling Bolivia, Argentina, and Paraguay, have not equalled those in other Southern Cone countries. Aims: This study evaluated routine IRS practices and insecticide quality control in a typical endemic community in the Bolivian Chaco. Methods: Alpha-cypermethrin active ingredient (a.i.) captured onto filter papers fitted to sprayed wall surfaces, and in prepared spray tank solutions, were measured using an adapted Insecticide Quantification Kit (IQK™) validated against HPLC quantification methods. The data were analysed by mixed-effects negative binomial regression models to examine the delivered insecticide a.i. concentrations on filter papers in relation to the sprayed wall heights, spray coverage rates (surface area / spray time [m
2 /min]), and observed/expected spray rate ratios. Variations between health workers and householders' compliance to empty houses for IRS delivery were also evaluated. Sedimentation rates of alpha-cypermethrin a.i. post-mixing of prepared spray tanks were quantified in the laboratory. Results: Substantial variations were observed in the alpha-cypermethrin a.i. concentrations delivered; only 10.4% (50/480) of filter papers and 8.8% (5/57) of houses received the target concentration of 50 mg ± 20% a.i./m2 . The delivered concentrations were not related to those in the matched spray tank solutions. The sedimentation of alpha-cypermethrin a.i. in the surface solution of prepared spray tanks was rapid post-mixing, resulting in a linear 3.3% loss of a.i. content per minute and 49% loss after 15 min. Only 7.5% (6/80) of houses were sprayed at the WHO recommended rate of 19 m2 /min (± 10%), whereas 77.5% (62/80) were sprayed at a lower than expected rate. The median a.i. concentration delivered to houses was not significantly associated with the observed spray coverage rate. Householder compliance did not significantly influence either the spray coverage rates or the median alpha-cypermethrin a.i. concentrations delivered to houses. Conclusions: Suboptimal delivery of IRS is partially attributable to the insecticide physical characteristics and the need for revision of insecticide delivery methods, which includes training of IRS teams and community education to encourage compliance. The IQK™ is a necessary field-friendly tool to improve IRS quality and to facilitate health worker training and decision-making by Chagas disease vector control managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
11. Novel Toilet Paper–Based Point-Of-Care Test for the Rapid Detection of Fecal Occult Blood: Instrument Validation Study
- Author
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Min-Hsien Wu, Hsin-Yao Wang, Song-Bin Huang, Jang-Jih Lu, Jason Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Hsieh Cheng Chen, Ting-Wei Lin, Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu, and Wan-Ying Lin
- Subjects
Male ,Volunteers ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Validation study ,fecal occult blood test ,Point-of-care testing ,detection ,diagnostic ,Health Informatics ,paper-based analytical devices ,lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,cancer ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,validation ,Original Paper ,Reproducibility ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,public health ,Fecal occult blood ,Reproducibility of Results ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,Repeatability ,Middle Aged ,testing ,Test (assessment) ,Specimen collection ,Point-of-Care Testing ,Occult Blood ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Bathroom Equipment ,lcsh:R858-859.7 ,Toilet paper ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,point-of-care diagnostics ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,business - Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer screening by fecal occult blood testing has been an important public health test and shown to reduce colorectal cancer–related mortality. However, the low participation rate in colorectal cancer screening by the general public remains a problematic public health issue. This fact could be attributed to the complex and unpleasant operation of the screening tool. Objective This study aimed to validate a novel toilet paper–based point-of-care test (ie, JustWipe) as a public health instrument to detect fecal occult blood and provide detailed results from the evaluation of the analytic characteristics in the clinical validation. Methods The mechanism of fecal specimen collection by the toilet-paper device was verified with repeatability and reproducibility tests. We also evaluated the analytical characteristics of the test reagents. For clinical validation, we conducted comparisons between JustWipe and other fecal occult blood tests. The first comparison was between JustWipe and typical fecal occult blood testing in a central laboratory setting with 70 fecal specimens from the hospital. For the second comparison, a total of 58 volunteers were recruited, and JustWipe was compared with the commercially available Hemoccult SENSA in a point-of-care setting. Results Adequate amounts of fecal specimens were collected using the toilet-paper device with small day-to-day and person-to-person variations. The limit of detection of the test reagent was evaluated to be 3.75 µg of hemoglobin per milliliter of reagent. Moreover, the test reagent also showed high repeatability (100%) on different days and high reproducibility (>96%) among different users. The overall agreement between JustWipe and a typical fecal occult blood test in a central laboratory setting was 82.9%. In the setting of point-of-care tests, the overall agreement between JustWipe and Hemoccult SENSA was 89.7%. Moreover, the usability questionnaire showed that the novel test tool had high scores in operation friendliness (87.3/100), ease of reading results (97.4/100), and information usefulness (96.1/100). Conclusions We developed and validated a toilet paper–based fecal occult blood test for use as a point-of-care test for the rapid (in 60 seconds) and easy testing of fecal occult blood. These favorable characteristics render it a promising tool for colorectal cancer screening as a public health instrument.
- Published
- 2020
12. Alterung und Ästimation des Zustands von Papier-Masse-Kabeln in Mittelspannungsnetzen
- Author
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Mladenović, I., Scharrer, Th., and Weindl, Ch.
- Published
- 2011
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13. Paper-based microfluidics for rapid diagnostics and drug delivery.
- Author
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Mao, Kang, Min, Xiaocui, Zhang, Hua, Zhang, Kuankuan, Cao, Haorui, Guo, Yongkun, and Yang, Zhugen
- Subjects
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DRUG delivery devices , *MICROFLUIDIC devices , *DNA microarrays , *MICROFLUIDICS , *ENVIRONMENTAL health , *NUCLEIC acids , *DIAGNOSIS , *FOOD pathogens - Abstract
Paper is a common material that is promising for constructing microfluidic chips (lab-on-a-paper) for diagnostics and drug delivery for biomedical applications. In the past decade, extensive research on paper-based microfluidics has accumulated a large number of scientific publications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis, food safety, environmental health, drug screening and delivery. This review focuses on the recent progress on paper-based microfluidic technology with an emphasis on the design, optimization and application of the technology platform, in particular for medical diagnostics and drug delivery. Novel advances have concentrated on engineering paper devices for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which could be integrated with nucleic acid-based tests and isothermal amplification experiments, enabling rapid sample-to-answer assays for field testing. Among the isothermal amplification experiments, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), an extremely sensitive nucleic acid test, specifically identifies ultralow concentrations of DNA/RNA from practical samples for diagnosing diseases. We thus mainly focus on the paper device-based LAMP assay for the rapid infectious disease diagnosis, foodborne pathogen analysis, veterinary diagnosis, plant diagnosis, and environmental public health evaluation. We also outlined progress on paper microfluidic devices for drug delivery. The paper concludes with a discussion on the challenges of this technology and our insights into how to advance science and technology towards the development of fully functional paper devices in diagnostics and drug delivery. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Low-cost detection of norovirus using paper-based cell-free systems and synbody-based viral enrichment
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Alexander A. Green, Luhui Shen, Duo Ma, Kaiyue Wu, and Chris W. Diehnelt
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Computer science ,viruses ,riboregulator ,Biomedical Engineering ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,diagnostic ,norovirus ,Bioengineering ,Cell free ,Diagnostic system ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Assay sensitivity ,Paper based ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Virology ,cell-free system ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,Norovirus ,Research Article ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Noroviruses are a primary cause of gastroenteritis and foodborne illness with cases that affect millions of people worldwide each year. Inexpensive tests for norovirus that do not require sophisticated laboratory equipment are important tools for ensuring that patients receive timely treatment and for containing outbreaks. Herein, we demonstrate a low-cost colorimetric assay that detects norovirus from clinical samples by combining paper-based cell-free transcription–translation systems, isothermal amplification and virus enrichment by synbodies. Using isothermal amplification and cell-free RNA sensing with toehold switches, we demonstrate that the assay enables detection of norovirus GII.4 Sydney from stool down to concentrations of 270 aM in reactions that can be directly read by eye. Furthermore, norovirus-binding synbodies and magnetic beads are used to concentrate the virus and provide a 1000-fold increase in assay sensitivity extending its detection limit to 270 zM. These results demonstrate the utility of paper-based cell-free diagnostic systems for identification of foodborne pathogens and provide a versatile diagnostic assay that can be applied to the concentration, amplification and detection of a broad range of infectious agents.
- Published
- 2018
15. Le médecin généraliste et la maladie d’Alzheimer
- Author
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Villars, H., Bismuth, S., Oustric, S., Nourhashemi, F., and Vellas, B.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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16. Algorithm for Determining the State of Impregnated Paper Insulation of High-Voltage Cables.
- Author
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Sidorova, Anna, Semenov, Dmitry, Cheremukhin, Artem, and Astakhova, Tatyana
- Subjects
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CABLES , *ALGORITHMS , *ELECTRIC potential , *POLYNOMIALS , *CABLE manufacturing , *GUIDELINES - Abstract
The paper presents a technique for determining the time index of growth of the slope of reverse voltage for double insulated cables, based on the body of the theory of series. It is proved that in the vicinity of the extremum point (maximum) the function of the reverse voltage is approximated by polynomials of the nth power. It is proposed to use second-degree polynomials for practical calculations. The method for calculating relevant indicators is illustrated using real data. Analysis of deviations made it possible to conclude that the calculation method proposed in the paper is far more accurate. In the final part of the study, it was concluded that there is a promising outlook for further development of methodological guidelines for determining complex indices of the remaining life of the cable, including but not limited to the use of various mathematical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Immune trypanolysis test with blood spotted on filter paper for epidemiological surveillance of sleeping sickness.
- Author
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Camara, Oumou, Camara, Mamadou, Lejon, Veerle, Ilboudo, Hamidou, Sakande, Hassane, Léno, Mamadou, Büscher, Philippe, Bucheton, Bruno, and Jamonneau, Vincent
- Subjects
- *
IMMUNE response , *BLOOD filtration , *FILTER paper , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *PATIENT monitoring , *IMMUNOGLOBULINS - Abstract
Objectives The immune trypanolysis test ( TL) is an accurate sero-diagnostic tool increasingly implemented for sleeping sickness medical surveillance, but it is restricted to the reference laboratories. To facilitate storage and transport of the test specimen, we developed a protocol for the examination of blood spotted on filter paper ( TL-fp) that can be stored and shipped at ambient temperature. We compared its performance with the classical TL on plasma ( TL-pl) that needs to be kept frozen until use. Methods The study was conducted in active foci of the Republic of Guinea. In total, 438 specimens from treated and untreated sleeping sickness patients and serological suspects were tested with both methods. Result TL-fp gave significantly less positive results than TL-pl, but all the confirmed sleeping sickness cases were positive with the TL-fp protocol. Conclusion TL-fp appears to offer a good compromise between feasibility and sensitivity to detect currently infected subjects who play a role in the transmission of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and is useful for contributing to the elimination of gambiense sleeping sickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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18. Paper microfluidic for point of care diagnostic : sample preparation and multiplexing
- Author
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Garneret, Pierre, Gulliver (UMR 7083), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres, and Patrick Tabeling
- Subjects
Lamp ,Diagnostic ,Test par amplification d'acide nucléique ,[PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics] ,Nucleic acid amplification test - Abstract
Since the Ebola outbreak of 2014, the MMN Laboratory and the Pasteur Institute are working to conduct molecular biology tests on paper microfluidics for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. Tests made in Guinée in 2015, by the two teams, have shown the pertinence of the technology. Today, both teams are working on developing a multiplexed devices (simultaneous detection of multiple biological targets). The recent Zika Virus (ZIKV) outbreak transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes in geographic area where other arboviruses such as Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) were already spreading focused the development work on a Zika/Dengue/Chikungunya multiplexed test. The first goal is to get a point of care device, cheap and easy to use allowing a better management of the patients. The development of such a device would then be used by Pasteur Institut network to monitor more precisely the epidemiology of those diseases displaying the same the same symptomatology, and study the physiology of their co-infection.; Depuis l’épisode EBOLA de 2014, le laboratoire MMN et de l’Institut Pasteur collaborent pour réaliser des tests de biologie moléculaire sur papier microfluidique pour le diagnostic de maladies infectieuses. Des tests réalisés à Macenta (Guinée) sur des échantillons d’ARN purifiés de patients ont démontré la pertinence de la technologie. Aujourd’hui, les deux équipes travaillent au développement d’un dispositif multiplexé (détection simultanée de plusieurs cibles biologiques). L’émergence du Virus Zika (ZIKV) transmis majoritairement par les moustiques diurnes du genre Aedes, dans des zones géographiques ou d’autres arboviroses comme la Dengue (DENV) ou le Chikungunya (CHIKV) étaient déjà présentes a récemment orienté les efforts de la collaboration vers le développement d’un test multiplexé Zika/Dengue/Chikungunya. Le but premier étant de pouvoir disposer d’un système de diagnostic de terrain rapide, peu coûteux et facile d’utilisation pour améliorer la prise en charge des patients. Le développement d’un tel dispositif serait alors mis à profit dans le réseau des instituts Pasteur pour établir un suivi épidémiologique différentiel de ces trois maladies dont la symptomatologie est identique ainsi que d’étudier la physiologie de leur co-infection.
- Published
- 2019
19. A Point-of-Care Paper-based Fingerstick Transaminase Test: Toward Low-cost “Lab-on-a-Chip” Technology for the Developing World.
- Author
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Pollock, Nira R., Colby, Donn, and Rolland, Jason P.
- Subjects
POINT-of-care testing ,MICROFLUIDIC analytical techniques ,ALANINE aminotransferase ,ASPARTATE aminotransferase ,LIVER injuries ,TUBERCULOSIS - Abstract
There is currently great need for high-quality, low-cost, point-of-care diagnostics that can benefit patients in resource-limited settings and correspondingly growing interest in the diagnostic utility of microfluidic platforms that are based on paper. We describe the development, early clinical testing, and potential clinical impact of a novel paper-based, multiplexed microfluidic assay designed for rapid, semiquantitative measurement of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in a fingerstick specimen. This device ultimately holds promise for providing universal access to affordable point-of-care screening for drug-induced liver injury in resource-limited settings and opens the door to development of similar point-of-care clinical assays for other important analytes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Low-cost detection of norovirus using paper-based cell-free systems and synbody-based viral enrichment.
- Author
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Ma, Duo, Shen, Luhui, Wu, Kaiyue, Diehnelt, Chris W, and Green, Alexander A
- Subjects
- *
NOROVIRUSES , *GASTROENTERITIS , *FOODBORNE diseases , *RNA , *GENETIC transcription - Abstract
Noroviruses are a primary cause of gastroenteritis and foodborne illness with cases that affect millions of people worldwide each year. Inexpensive tests for norovirus that do not require sophisticated laboratory equipment are important tools for ensuring that patients receive timely treatment and for containing outbreaks. Herein, we demonstrate a low-cost colorimetric assay that detects norovirus from clinical samples by combining paper-based cell-free transcription-translation systems, isothermal amplification and virus enrichment by synbodies. Using isothermal amplification and cell-free RNA sensing with toehold switches, we demonstrate that the assay enables detection of norovirus GII.4 Sydney from stool down to concentrations of 270 aM in reactions that can be directly read by eye. Furthermore, norovirus-binding synbodies and magnetic beads are used to concentrate the virus and provide a 1000-fold increase in assay sensitivity extending its detection limit to 270 zM. These results demonstrate the utility of paper-based cell-free diagnostic systems for identification of foodborne pathogens and provide a versatile diagnostic assay that can be applied to the concentration, amplification and detection of a broad range of infectious agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Paper restoration and protection by using Gellan-gum gel
- Author
-
Placido, Matteo, Campanella, Luigi, and Residori, Luciano
- Subjects
Settori Disciplinari MIUR::Scienze chimiche::CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE E DEI BENI CULTURALI ,Paper restauration ,Scienze chimiche::CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE E DEI BENI CULTURALI [Settori Disciplinari MIUR] ,conservation ,diagnostic ,water treatment ,experienced ,Gellan gum ,science - Abstract
Traditional wet restoration methods for librarian and archival artifacts - such as cleaning by immersion - present lots of limitations that are primarily due to the uncontrolled release of water to the paper supports. An approach able to provide a more gradual release of water to the supports is needed. Using Gellan gum as gelling agent to optimise the presence of water and minimise the impact on the paper supports during cleaning treatments, this method was developed. The Gellan gum method can be used also for deacidification as well as for reductive bleaching pourposes. Different analyses were carried out to assess the suitability and the effectiveness of cleaning treatments of paper artifacts. Some of these were conducted by water immersion, some others by cellulose ethers contact or by Gellan gum rigid gels contact. In particular, colourimetric analysis was performed to quantify colour modification. Microscopy investigations (including SEM) were employed to observe the structural modification possibly occurred on the paper surface. In order to compare the effectiveness of chemical stabilisation treatments, pH and alkaline reserve measurements were performed. During the experiment, modern paper samples and original artifacts - considered "expendable" - are used. Based on the acquired experience, results on three cases of studies are also presented. Results show that the treatment by contact (Gellan gum) is a viable alternative to traditional methods of restoration in terms of effectiveness and safety. Moreover, Gellan gum gel is manageable, easy to use, inexpensive and respectful of the unique characteristics of the archival and librarian artifacts. Concerning deacification and reductive bleaching, better results were obtained using Gellan gum as carrier for aqueous solutions with calcium propionate and borane terz-butylamine complex. This method provides an increase of pH values comparable to that achieved by immersion. Furthermore, it leaves an appreciable amount of alkaline reserve on the paper support. The result obtained on the three case of studies show the same trend, in terms of color changes.
- Published
- 2012
22. VENTRAL ABDOMINAL HERNIAS IN BIRDS ; DIAGNOSTIC AND SURGICAL REPAIR – REVIEW PAPER
- Author
-
Pećin, Marko, Valković, Elena, and Banković, Teodor
- Subjects
Ventral abdominal hernia ,Diagnostic ,Surgical repair ,Birds - Abstract
An abdominal hernia is a split in the abdominal wall muscles which ends with prolapse of abdominal organs. Patients are usually presented with a painless, soft, reducible swelling in ventral abdominal region, near cloaca and lethargy. Abdominal hernias can be congenital or acquired and are more frequent in females birds. The etiology of hernias in birds is related with hyperestrogenism, obesity, trauma, egg laying or masses in abdominal cavity which are causing lack of space for other organs. Therefore abdominal muscle often stretches and becomes thin and the end result is rupture of abdominal wall. Ventral abdominal hernias occur mostly in middle- aged or old female birds. Some of cases may not be true hernias, but only extended abdominal wall due to malnutrition, lack of exercise or other reasons. Blood profiling is useful and x-rays or ultrasound are of particular value in diagnosing a hernia. Contrast x-ray is particularly useful diagnostic tool. In some cases surgery can be avoided with change of diet and weight loss. Second option includes general anaesthesia and surgical repair which is very stressful for birds. Surgical repair of hernia includes ventral midline celiotomy and hernioraphy. This approach provides access to the both sides of coelomic cavity. After skin incision abdominal cavity is opened cutting linea alba over the hernial sack. The content of hernia is usually small intestine loops, liver or fatty tissue. Corrective surgery includes returning organs into abdominal cavity and suturing abdominal wall with simple interrupted suture pattern in two layers. Postoperative period includes administration of antibiotic and non- steroide anti-inflammatory drugs for several days. Also diet change is necessary. After approximately four weeks birds are fully recovered with no further problems.
- Published
- 2017
23. Single-step, paper-based concentration and detection of a malaria biomarker.
- Author
-
Pereira, David Y., Chiu, Ricky Y.T., Zhang, Samantha C.L., Wu, Benjamin M., and Kamei, Daniel T.
- Subjects
- *
MALARIA , *BIOMARKERS , *MICELLAR solutions , *IMMUNOASSAY , *LACTATE dehydrogenase - Abstract
The lateral-flow immunoassay (LFA) is an inexpensive and rapid paper-based assay that can potentially detect infectious disease biomarkers in resource-poor settings. Despite its many advantages that make it suitable for point-of-care diagnosis, LFA is limited by its inferior sensitivity relative to sophisticated laboratory-based assays. Our group previously introduced the use of a micellar aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), comprised of the nonionic Triton X-114 surfactant, to concentrate biomarkers in a sample and enhance their detection with LFA. However, achieving complete phase separation and target concentration using the Triton X-114 system required many hours, and the concentrated sample needed to be manually extracted and applied to LFA. Here, we successfully integrated the concentration and detection steps into a single step that occurs entirely within a portable paper-based diagnostic strip. In a novel approach, we applied the micellar ATPS to a 3-D paper design and effectively reduced the macroscopic phase separation time from 8 h to approximately 3 min. The 3-D design was integrated with LFA to simultaneously concentrate and detect Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), a malaria biomarker, in both phosphate-buffered saline and fetal bovine serum within 20 min at room temperature. Compared to a conventional LFA setup with a pLDH detection limit of 10 ng μL −1 , our single-step diagnostic successfully detected pLDH at 1.0 ng μL −1 , demonstrating a 10-fold detection limit improvement and resulting in a sensitive and user-friendly assay that can be used at the point-of-care. The integration of a micellar ATPS and LFA represents a new platform that can improve and promote the use of paper-based diagnostic assays for malaria and other diseases within resource-poor settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Configurability in a Diagnostic Expert System for Paper Machine Dryer Sections
- Author
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Amyot, J.R., Gowing, J.D., Wylie, R.H., and Henzell, R.
- Subjects
système expert ,dépannage ,paper machine ,diagnosis ,troubleshooting ,diagnostic ,expert system ,machine à papier - Abstract
A "Paper Drying Expert System" (PDES) prototype is being developed as a diagnostic consultant for troubleshooting dryer sections of paper machines. It is currently undergoing validation in two pulp and paper mills, scheduled to be completed in September 1994. A requirement that the PDES be configurable for many possible dryer configurations is a major consideration. This paper describes the project with a focus on how this requirement is satisfied in the design., Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Systems Research, Informatics and Cybernetics,"Advances in Artificial Intelligence - Theory and Application II", August 15-21, 1994., Baden-Baden, Germany
- Published
- 1994
25. Levers of control, complementariness, tensions and budget use: a case study
- Author
-
Rathnasekara, Kaveesha and Gooneratne, Tharusha
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. 3D printing objects as knowledge artifacts for a do-it-yourself approach in clinical practice : A questionnaire-based user study in the orthopaedics domain
- Author
-
Cabitza, Federico, Locoro, Angela, and Ravarini, Aurelio
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Novel Toilet Paper-Based Point-Of-Care Test for the Rapid Detection of Fecal Occult Blood: Instrument Validation Study.
- Author
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Wang, Hsin-Yao, Lin, Ting-Wei, Chiu, Sherry Yueh-Hsia, Lin, Wan-Ying, Huang, Song-Bin, Hsieh, Jason Chia-Hsun, Chen, Hsieh Cheng, Lu, Jang-Jih, and Wu, Min-Hsien
- Subjects
FECAL occult blood tests ,POINT-of-care testing ,CANCER-related mortality ,TOILETS ,VOLUNTEER recruitment ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH evaluation ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL screening ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,COLORECTAL cancer ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer screening by fecal occult blood testing has been an important public health test and shown to reduce colorectal cancer-related mortality. However, the low participation rate in colorectal cancer screening by the general public remains a problematic public health issue. This fact could be attributed to the complex and unpleasant operation of the screening tool.Objective: This study aimed to validate a novel toilet paper-based point-of-care test (ie, JustWipe) as a public health instrument to detect fecal occult blood and provide detailed results from the evaluation of the analytic characteristics in the clinical validation.Methods: The mechanism of fecal specimen collection by the toilet-paper device was verified with repeatability and reproducibility tests. We also evaluated the analytical characteristics of the test reagents. For clinical validation, we conducted comparisons between JustWipe and other fecal occult blood tests. The first comparison was between JustWipe and typical fecal occult blood testing in a central laboratory setting with 70 fecal specimens from the hospital. For the second comparison, a total of 58 volunteers were recruited, and JustWipe was compared with the commercially available Hemoccult SENSA in a point-of-care setting.Results: Adequate amounts of fecal specimens were collected using the toilet-paper device with small day-to-day and person-to-person variations. The limit of detection of the test reagent was evaluated to be 3.75 µg of hemoglobin per milliliter of reagent. Moreover, the test reagent also showed high repeatability (100%) on different days and high reproducibility (>96%) among different users. The overall agreement between JustWipe and a typical fecal occult blood test in a central laboratory setting was 82.9%. In the setting of point-of-care tests, the overall agreement between JustWipe and Hemoccult SENSA was 89.7%. Moreover, the usability questionnaire showed that the novel test tool had high scores in operation friendliness (87.3/100), ease of reading results (97.4/100), and information usefulness (96.1/100).Conclusions: We developed and validated a toilet paper-based fecal occult blood test for use as a point-of-care test for the rapid (in 60 seconds) and easy testing of fecal occult blood. These favorable characteristics render it a promising tool for colorectal cancer screening as a public health instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Advances in Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Infectious Disease
- Author
-
Natoli, Mary E., Schwarz, Richard A., Bond, Meaghan, Majors, Catherine E., Rohrman, Brittany A., Smith, Chelsey A., Richards-Kortum, Rebecca R., Chavali, Arvind K., editor, and Ramji, Ramesh, editor
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A Beginner's Guide to Artificial Intelligence for Ophthalmologists.
- Author
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Kang, Daohuan, Wu, Hongkang, Yuan, Lu, Shi, Yu, Jin, Kai, and Grzybowski, Andrzej
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,OPHTHALMOLOGISTS ,DEEP learning ,DIAGNOSTIC errors ,BALANCE disorders ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,ADRENAL insufficiency - Abstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in ophthalmology has promoted the development of the discipline, offering opportunities for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, patient care, and treatment outcomes. This paper aims to provide a foundational understanding of AI applications in ophthalmology, with a focus on interpreting studies related to AI-driven diagnostics. The core of our discussion is to explore various AI methods, including deep learning (DL) frameworks for detecting and quantifying ophthalmic features in imaging data, as well as using transfer learning for effective model training in limited datasets. The paper highlights the importance of high-quality, diverse datasets for training AI models and the need for transparent reporting of methodologies to ensure reproducibility and reliability in AI studies. Furthermore, we address the clinical implications of AI diagnostics, emphasizing the balance between minimizing false negatives to avoid missed diagnoses and reducing false positives to prevent unnecessary interventions. The paper also discusses the ethical considerations and potential biases in AI models, underscoring the importance of continuous monitoring and improvement of AI systems in clinical settings. In conclusion, this paper serves as a primer for ophthalmologists seeking to understand the basics of AI in their field, guiding them through the critical aspects of interpreting AI studies and the practical considerations for integrating AI into clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Sadism in sexual homicide offenders: identifying distinct groups
- Author
-
Reale, Kylie, Beauregard, Eric, and Martineau, Melissa
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Template copy number and the sensitivity of quantitative PCR for Plasmodium falciparum in asymptomatic individuals.
- Author
-
Thompson, Trevor A., Touré, Mahamoudou B., Sanogo, Daouda, Shaffer, Jeffrey G., Doumbia, Seydou O., and Krogstad, Donald J.
- Subjects
PLASMODIUM falciparum ,FILTER paper ,NUCLEOTIDE sequence ,COPYING - Abstract
Background: The identification of asymptomatic individuals with Plasmodium falciparum infection is difficult because they do not seek medical treatment and often have too few asexual parasites detectable using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (≤ 200 parasites per μl). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) may provide greater sensitivity and permits estimation of the initial template DNA concentration. This study examined the hypothesis that qPCR assays using templates with higher copy numbers may be more sensitive for P. falciparum than assays based on templates with lower copy numbers. Methods: To test this hypothesis, ten qPCR assays for DNA sequences with template copy numbers from 1 to 160 were compared using parasite DNA standards (n = 2) and smear-positive filter paper blots from asymptomatic smear-positive subjects (n = 96). Results: Based on the testing of P. falciparum parasite DNA standards and filter paper blots, cycle threshold values decreased as the concentrations of template DNA and template copy numbers increased (p < 0.001). Likewise, the analytical and clinical sensitivities of qPCR assays for P. falciparum DNA (based on DNA standards and filter paper blots, respectively) increased with template copy number. Despite the gains in clinical sensitivity from increased template copy numbers, qPCR assays failed to detect more than half of the filter paper blots with low parasite densities (≤ 200 asexual parasites per μl). Conclusions: These results confirm the hypothesis that the sensitivity of qPCR for P. falciparum in the blood of individuals with asymptomatic infection increases with template copy number. However, because even the most sensitive qPCR assays (with template copy numbers from 32 to 160) detected fewer than 50% of infections with ≤ 200 asexual parasites per μl, the sensitivity of qPCR must be increased further to identify all smear-positive, asymptomatic individuals in order to interrupt transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Under-reported aspects of diagnosis and treatment addressed in the Dutch-Flemish guideline for comprehensive diagnostics in disorders/differences of sex development
- Subjects
RISK ,DSD POSITION PAPER ,prenatal ,DISORDERS ,AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA ,DSD ,diagnostic ,CARE ,NGS ,ADOLESCENTS ,MANAGEMENT ,UPDATE ,guideline ,TRANSITION ,GENETIC DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
We present key points from the updated Dutch-Flemish guideline on comprehensive diagnostics in disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) that have not been widely addressed in the current (inter)national literature. These points are of interest to physicians working in DSD (expert) centres and to professionals who come across persons with a DSD but have no (or limited) experience in this area. The Dutch-Flemish guideline is based on internationally accepted principles. Recent initiatives striving for uniform high-quality care across Europe, and beyond, such as the completed COST action 1303 and the European Reference Network for rare endocrine conditions (EndoERN), have generated several excellent papers covering nearly all aspects of DSD. The Dutch-Flemish guideline follows these international consensus papers and covers a number of other topics relevant to daily practice. For instance, although next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based molecular diagnostics are becoming the gold standard for genetic evaluation, it can be difficult to prove variant causality or relate the genotype to the clinical presentation. Network formation and centralisation are essential to promote functional studies that assess the effects of genetic variants and to the correct histological assessment of gonadal material from DSD patients, as well as allowing for maximisation of expertise and possible cost reductions. The Dutch-Flemish guidelines uniquely address three aspects of DSD. First, we propose an algorithm for counselling and diagnostic evaluation when a DSD is suspected prenatally, a clinical situation that is becoming more common. Referral to ultrasound sonographers and obstetricians who are part of a DSD team is increasingly important here. Second, we pay special attention to healthcare professionals not working within a DSD centre as they are often the first to diagnose or suspect a DSD, but are not regularly exposed to DSDs and may have limited experience. Their thoughtful communication to patients, carers and colleagues, and the accessibility of protocols for first-line management and efficient referral are essential. Careful communication in the prenatal to neonatal period and the adolescent to adult transition are equally important and relatively under-reported in the literature. Third, we discuss the timing of (NGS-based) molecular diagnostics in the initial workup of new patients and in people with a diagnosis made solely on clinical grounds or those who had earlier genetic testing that is not compatible with current state-of-the-art diagnostics.
- Published
- 2020
33. Platforms for Bioorthogonal Oligonucleotide-templated Reactions: Translating Concepts into Devices
- Author
-
Suraj Pavagada and Sylvain Ladame
- Subjects
Oligonucleotide-templated reaction ,Sensing ,Hydrogel ,Diagnostic ,Paper-microfluidic ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The exponential improvements made in DNA sequencing technologies, together with the rapidly declining associated costs, has increasingly led to the expansion of the field of personalised genomic medicine. Changes in the sequence or copy number of specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules represent key signatures for the diagnosis, prognosis, classification and monitoring of a broad range of pathologies, most notably cancer. Technologies that can detect these changes require analytical tools that can detect DNA or RNA with high sensitivity and high specificity. Sensing based on bioorthogonal oligonucleotide-templated reactions (OTRs) has been recognised as an elegant strategy that satisfies these criteria and was successfully used for the quantitative detection of nucleic acids both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we will focus on recent efforts to implement bioorthogonal OTRs into clinically useful biosensors using probes immobilised on or embedded in customised materials and platforms.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Detection of multi-resistant clinical strains of E. coli with Raman spectroscopy
- Author
-
Amir Nakar, Aikaterini Pistiki, Oleg Ryabchykov, Thomas Bocklitz, Petra Rösch, and Jürgen Popp
- Subjects
Bacteriological Techniques ,Bacteria ,Antibiotic resistance ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Spectrum Analysis, Raman ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Raman spectroscopy ,Machine learning ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,Diagnostic ,Label-free ,Escherichia coli Infections ,Paper in Forefront - Abstract
In recent years, we have seen a steady rise in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This creates many challenges in treating patients who carry these infections, as well as stopping and preventing outbreaks. Identifying these resistant bacteria is critical for treatment decisions and epidemiological studies. However, current methods for identification of resistance either require long cultivation steps or expensive reagents. Raman spectroscopy has been shown in the past to enable the rapid identification of bacterial strains from single cells and cultures. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was applied for the differentiation of resistant and sensitive strains of Escherichia coli. Our focus was on clinical multi-resistant (extended-spectrum β-lactam and carbapenem-resistant) bacteria from hospital patients. The spectra were collected using both UV resonance Raman spectroscopy in bulk and single-cell Raman microspectroscopy, without exposure to antibiotics. We found resistant strains have a higher nucleic acid/protein ratio, and used the spectra to train a machine learning model that differentiates resistant and sensitive strains. In addition, we applied a majority of voting system to both improve the accuracy of our models and make them more applicable for a clinical setting. This method could allow rapid and accurate identification of antibiotic resistant bacteria, and thus improve public health. Graphical abstract
- Published
- 2022
35. Under-reported aspects of diagnosis and treatment addressed in the Dutch-Flemish guideline for comprehensive diagnostics in disorders/differences of sex development
- Author
-
Tuula Rinne, Birgit Sikkema-Raddatz, Elfride De Baere, Conny M. A. van Ravenswaaij-Arts, Remko Hersmus, Marlies Kempers, Arianne B. Dessens, Yolande van Bever, Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten, Maarten F. C. M. Knapen, Hannema Se, Hennie T. Brüggenwirth, Katja P. Wolffenbuttel, Irene A.L. Groenenberg, Leendert H. J. Looijenga, Martine Cools, Clinical Genetics, Urology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pathology, and Pediatrics
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,DSD POSITION PAPER ,Disorders of Sex Development ,DSD ,diagnostic ,Presentation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,ADOLESCENTS ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Genetics(clinical) ,Pathology, Molecular ,Genetics (clinical) ,media_common ,RISK ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Sexual Development ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Causality ,Europe ,NGS ,language ,Female ,guideline ,TRANSITION ,medicine.medical_specialty ,prenatal ,Referral ,DISORDERS ,media_common.quotation_subject ,AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Guidelines as Topic ,03 medical and health sciences ,Rare Diseases ,medicine ,Genetics ,MANAGEMENT ,Humans ,Genetic Testing ,Genetic testing ,GENETIC DIAGNOSIS ,business.industry ,Gold standard ,Guideline ,CARE ,language.human_language ,Flemish ,030104 developmental biology ,Family medicine ,UPDATE ,Suspect ,business ,Clinical Guidelines - Abstract
We present key points from the updated Dutch-Flemish guideline on comprehensive diagnostics in disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) that have not been widely addressed in the current (inter)national literature. These points are of interest to physicians working in DSD (expert) centres and to professionals who come across persons with a DSD but have no (or limited) experience in this area. The Dutch-Flemish guideline is based on internationally accepted principles. Recent initiatives striving for uniform high-quality care across Europe, and beyond, such as the completed COST action 1303 and the European Reference Network for rare endocrine conditions (EndoERN), have generated several excellent papers covering nearly all aspects of DSD. The Dutch-Flemish guideline follows these international consensus papers and covers a number of other topics relevant to daily practice. For instance, although next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based molecular diagnostics are becoming the gold standard for genetic evaluation, it can be difficult to prove variant causality or relate the genotype to the clinical presentation. Network formation and centralisation are essential to promote functional studies that assess the effects of genetic variants and to the correct histological assessment of gonadal material from DSD patients, as well as allowing for maximisation of expertise and possible cost reductions. The Dutch-Flemish guidelines uniquely address three aspects of DSD. First, we propose an algorithm for counselling and diagnostic evaluation when a DSD is suspected prenatally, a clinical situation that is becoming more common. Referral to ultrasound sonographers and obstetricians who are part of a DSD team is increasingly important here. Second, we pay special attention to healthcare professionals not working within a DSD centre as they are often the first to diagnose or suspect a DSD, but are not regularly exposed to DSDs and may have limited experience. Their thoughtful communication to patients, carers and colleagues, and the accessibility of protocols for first-line management and efficient referral are essential. Careful communication in the prenatal to neonatal period and the adolescent to adult transition are equally important and relatively under-reported in the literature. Third, we discuss the timing of (NGS-based) molecular diagnostics in the initial workup of new patients and in people with a diagnosis made solely on clinical grounds or those who had earlier genetic testing that is not compatible with current state-of-the-art diagnostics.
- Published
- 2020
36. Identification of key molecular markers of acute coronary syndrome using peripheral blood transcriptome sequencing analysis and mRNA-lncRNA co-expression network construction
- Author
-
Rui Gong, Yunpeng Wang, Haibin Li, Zhihui Yang, Ming Shen, and Dandan Li
- Subjects
Male ,Acute coronary syndrome ,long non-coding rna ,medicine.medical_treatment ,diagnostic ,Bioengineering ,Bioinformatics ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,differential expression ,acute coronary syndrome ,Coronary Restenosis ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Restenosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,RNA, Messenger ,Gene ,Aged ,Messenger RNA ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,business.industry ,mrna ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Peripheral blood ,Long non-coding RNA ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Area Under Curve ,Conventional PCI ,Female ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Transcriptome ,business ,Biomarkers ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe major cardiovascular diseases, and treatment of in-stent restenosis in patients with ACS remains a major clinical challenge. Further investigation into molecular markers of ACS may aid early diagnosis, and the treatment of ACS and post-treatment recurrence. In the present study, total RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples of 3 patients with ACS, 3 patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)_non-restenosis, 3 patients with PCI_restenosis and 3 healthy controls. Subsequently, RNA library construction and high-throughput sequencing were performed. DESeq2 package in R was used to screen genes that were differentially expressed between the different samples. Moreover, the intersection of the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DElncRNAs) obtained. GeneCodis4.0 was used to perform function enrichment for DEmRNAs, and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed. The GSE60993 dataset was utilized for diagnostic analysis, and the aforementioned investigations were verified using in vitro studies. Results of the present study revealed a large number of DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs in the different groups. We selected genes in the top 10 of differential expression and also involved in the co-expression of lncRNA-mRNA for diagnostic analysis in the GSE60993 dataset. The area under curve (AUC) of PDZK1IP1 (0.747), PROK2 (0.769) and LAMP3 (0.725) were all >0.7. These results indicated that the identified mRNAs and lncRNAs may act as potential clinical biomarkers, and more specifically, PDZK1IP1, PROK2 and LAMP3 may act as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of ACS.
- Published
- 2021
37. Dysregulation of miR-637 serves as a diagnostic biomarker in patients with carotid artery stenosis and predicts the occurrence of the cerebral ischemic event
- Author
-
Ruijie Liu and Ting Zhang
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carotid arteries ,Ischemia ,diagnostic ,Bioengineering ,Logistic regression ,carotid artery stenosis ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Brain Ischemia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Carotid Stenosis ,Serum miR-637 ,Aged ,Receiver operating characteristic ,business.industry ,Proportional hazards model ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Circulating MicroRNA ,Stenosis ,MicroRNAs ,ROC Curve ,Cardiology ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biomarkers ,Biotechnology ,Research Article ,Research Paper - Abstract
The present research aims to explore the relationship between circulating microRNA and carotid artery stenosis (CAS). To evaluate the diagnostic significance of miR-637 in CAS patients and its potential predictive value for cerebral ischemia events through clinical studies. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the differences in serum miR-637 between enrolled 97 CAS patients and 90 healthy individuals. Logistic regression analysis of the correlation between the level of miR-637 and the degree of carotid artery stenosis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluated the diagnostic significance of miR-637 in identifying CAS patients from healthy individuals. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression were used to evaluate the potential predictive ability of serum miR-637 levels during follow-up for cerebral ischemia events. Serum miR-637 of CAS patients was significantly reduced which was a good indicator of severe carotid stenosis (P
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- 2021
38. ANALYSIS OF SECURITY VULNERABILITIES IN VEHICLE ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS.
- Author
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PEŁECHATY, Piotr and KONIECZNY, Łukasz
- Abstract
The article explains the different types of on-board diagnostic systems (OBD) used in motor vehicles, as well as the impact of the latest automotive security norms on diagnostic interface security. The paper focuses on identifying potential security threats in on-board diagnostic systems used in automotive control units. During the research, a diagnostic interface device of its own design, carrying out special test procedures, was excavated. The research was conducted on several vehicles and ECUs, applying black box penetration testing. The paper's goal is to list all identified vulnerabilities in diagnostic protocol implementation and suggest some corrective actions for software that would increase security. The authors defined a list of low-cost software requirements that can be easily implemented on most modern ECUs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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39. Oropharyngeal cancer and tobacco use: Risk factors and prevention.
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Patel, Devanshu J., Shah, Uzma Noor, and Mazumder, Avijit
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MORTALITY risk factors ,ORAL cancer ,OROPHARYNGEAL cancer ,TOBACCO use ,ETIOLOGY of diseases - Abstract
Oral Cancer (OC) is the most unsafe of all dental disease, while person unusual and getting little notice. It ranks 12th among all malignancies. OC has a multifaceted etiology, and much like other cancer, early recognition is critical to dropping enduring distress and boosting endurance charge. The frequency and decease rates of OC have augmented internationally, which has accelerated these study pains in the area of premature recognition and anticipation of this sickness. As an outcome, scientists have been pointed used for biopsy substitute. OC has been recognized using a diversity of molecularly based diagnostic marker, with different degree of consideration and specificity. The occurrence, humanity, risk factor, prediction, and treatment of OC are all enclosed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
40. ChatGPT and BCI-VR: a new integrated diagnostic and therapeutic perspective for the accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment of mild cognitive impairment.
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Yiduo ao, Hasan, W. Z. W., Wenlong Jiao, Xianling Dong, Ramli, H. R., Norsahperi, N. M. H., and Dong Wen
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MILD cognitive impairment ,CHATGPT ,LANGUAGE models ,TEXT summarization ,DIAGNOSIS ,AUTOMOTIVE navigation systems ,PLASMONICS ,CEREBROSPINAL fluid examination - Abstract
This document provides a list of references to scientific articles and papers related to topics such as Alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline, virtual reality, and machine learning. The articles cover a range of subjects including biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, cognitive training interventions, the use of virtual reality in assessing cognitive impairment, and the application of machine learning in healthcare. These references can be helpful for library patrons conducting research on these specific topics. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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41. A State-of-Art-Review on Machine-Learning Based Methods for PV.
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Tina, Giuseppe Marco, Ventura, Cristina, Ferlito, Sergio, and De Vito, Saverio
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ENERGY consumption ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,DEMAND forecasting ,MACHINE learning ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,MAXIMUM power point trackers - Abstract
In the current era, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly pervasive with applications in several applicative fields effectively changing our daily life. In this scenario, machine learning (ML), a subset of AI techniques, provides machines with the ability to programmatically learn from data to model a system while adapting to new situations as they learn more by data they are ingesting (on-line training). During the last several years, many papers have been published concerning ML applications in the field of solar systems. This paper presents the state of the art ML models applied in solar energy's forecasting field i.e., for solar irradiance and power production forecasting (both point and interval or probabilistic forecasting), electricity price forecasting and energy demand forecasting. Other applications of ML into the photovoltaic (PV) field taken into account are the modelling of PV modules, PV design parameter extraction, tracking the maximum power point (MPP), PV systems efficiency optimization, PV/Thermal (PV/T) and Concentrating PV (CPV) system design parameters' optimization and efficiency improvement, anomaly detection and energy management of PV's storage systems. While many review papers already exist in this regard, they are usually focused only on one specific topic, while in this paper are gathered all the most relevant applications of ML for solar systems in many different fields. The paper gives an overview of the most recent and promising applications of machine learning used in the field of photovoltaic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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42. Six Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: validated by scRNA-seq and qPCR
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Linzhi Li, Jun Xie, Naishuo Zhu, Liuhai Zheng, and Hai Jin
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0301 basic medicine ,Poor prognosis ,Cell ,diagnostic ,Biology ,therapeutic targets ,Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune infiltration ,medicine ,neoplasms ,Gene ,Receiver operating characteristic ,ESCC ,biomarkers ,poor prognosis ,digestive system diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Research Paper - Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. ESCC has a generally poor prognosis and there is a lack of available biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. The aim of the study was to identify novel biomarkers for ESCC. We screened the overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) acquired from six Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) ESCC datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ESCC datasets. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed to identify the key hub genes. Then, Kaplan Meier survival and receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis were utilized to clarify the diagnostic and prognostic role of these hub genes. The UALCAN database, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to confirm the expression levels of identified hub genes. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was conducted to investigate the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of ESCC. The results showed that PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, KIF20A, RAD51AP1, and DEPDC1 effectively distinguish ESCC tissues from normal samples, and all of them were significantly correlated with overall survival. The results of scRNA-seq and qPCR indicated that the expression levels of hub genes in ESCC were significantly higher than in normal cells or tissues. Further immune infiltration analysis showed that infiltration of dendritic cells was significantly negatively correlated with PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, RAD51AP1, and DEPDC1 expression levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, KIF20A, RAD51AP1 and DEPDC1 are all potential biomarkers for ESCC diagnosis and prognosis may also be potential therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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- 2021
43. Denoising and segmentation in medical image analysis: A comprehensive review on machine learning and deep learning approaches
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Kumar, Ravi Ranjan and Priyadarshi, Rahul
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- 2024
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44. Detecting Influential Observations Using Liu Estimator in Linear Mixed Measurement Error Models
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Borhani, Sh., Ghapani, F., and Jafaraghaie, R.
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- 2024
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45. A joint procedural position statement on imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis
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Slart, R. H. J. A., Glaudemans, A. W. J. M., Lancellotti, P., Hyafil, F., Blankstein, R., Schwartz, R. G., Jaber, W. A., Russell, R., Gimelli, A., Rouzet, F., Hacker, M., Gheysens, O., Plein, S., Miller, E. J., Dorbala, S., Donal, E., Sciagra, R., Bucerius, J., Verberne, H. J., Lindner, O., Ubleis, C., Agostini, D., Signore, A., Edvardsen, T., Neglia, D., Beanlands, R. S., Di Carli, M., Chareonthaitawee, P., Dilsizian, V., Soman, P., Habib, G., Delgado, V., Cardim, N., Cosyns, B., Flachskampf, F., Gerber, B., Haugaa, K., Lombardi, M., Masci, P. G., Nuclear Medicine, ACS - Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA-Research), Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de cardiologie et maladies vasculaires [Rennes] = Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], CIC-IT Rennes, Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes] (CIC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jonchère, Laurent, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RS: CARIM - R3.11 - Imaging, MUMC+: DA BV Medisch Specialisten Nucleaire Geneesk (9), Beeldvorming, Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Clinical sciences, Cardio-vascular diseases, Cardiology, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Hôpital Pontchaillou-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Vascular Ageing Programme (VAP), Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), and Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE)
- Subjects
Male ,positron emission tomography ,diagnosis ,[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,Biopsy ,diagnostic ,Speckle tracking echocardiography ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Myocardial Perfusion Imaging/standards ,medical ,Multimodal Imaging ,cardiac sarcoidosis ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,0302 clinical medicine ,X ray computed ,cardiac imaging techniques ,cardiology ,cardiomyopathies ,europe ,female ,humans ,magnetic resonance imaging ,male ,multimodal imaging ,myocardial perfusion imaging ,nuclear medicine ,positron emission tomography computed tomography ,radionuclide imaging ,sarcoidosis ,societies, medical ,united states ,practice guidelines as topic ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ,MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Medicine ,echocardiography ,F-18-FDG PET ,Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/standards ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Societies, Medical ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY ,LATE GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT ,Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ,Myocardial Perfusion Imaging ,CORTICOSTEROID-THERAPY ,imaging ,Sarcoidosis/diagnostic imaging ,General Medicine ,F 18 fdg pet ,Prognosis ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,3. Good health ,Europe ,Positron emission tomography ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Cardiology ,Nuclear Medicine/standards ,[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering ,Female ,Radiology ,Sarcoidosis ,STRAIN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Cardiomyopathies ,Cardiology/standards ,Position statement ,Diagnostic Imaging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,SPECKLE-TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ,Systemic sarcoidosis ,SYSTEMIC SARCOIDOSIS ,Cardiac sarcoidosis ,fluorodeoxyglucose ,Imaging Sarcoidosis Myocardium ,Myocardial perfusion imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cardiomyopathies/diagnostic imaging ,Radionuclide Imaging/standards ,societies ,POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ,Internal medicine ,Medical imaging ,cardiac MRI ,Late gadolinium enhancement ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radionuclide Imaging ,[SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering ,Multimodal Imaging/standards ,business.industry ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging/standards ,Reproducibility of Results ,LOW-CARBOHYDRATE-DIET ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,n/a OA procedure ,United States ,Cardiac Imaging Techniques/standards ,Cardiac Imaging Techniques ,MYOCARDIAL FDG UPTAKE ,inflammation ,Positron-Emission Tomography ,Position paper ,Nuclear Medicine ,business ,Nuclear medicine ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
International audience; This joint position paper illustrates the role and the correct use of echocardiography, radionuclide imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation and management of patients with known or suspected cardiac sarcoidosis. This position paper will aid in standardizing imaging for cardiac sarcoidosis and may facilitate clinical trials and pooling of multi-centre data on cardiac sarcoidosis. Proposed flow charts for the work up and management of cardiac sarcoidosis are included.
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- 2017
46. Elevated and diagnostic androgens of polycystic ovary syndrome
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Bakyt Karimova, Svetlana Shikanova, Mohannad AbuFaza, Ibrahim A. Abdelazim, Osama O Amer, Yerbol Bekmukhambetov, Gulmira Zhurabekova, and Ahmed Alanwar
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,diagnostic ,Dehydroepiandrosterone ,Hormonal Change ,03 medical and health sciences ,Follicle-stimulating hormone ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Androstenedione ,Aromatase ,elevated ,Testosterone ,Original Paper ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,business.industry ,pcos ,androgens ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Polycystic ovary ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Endocrinology ,biology.protein ,business ,Hormone - Abstract
Introduction A genetic variation at the level of aromatase enzyme and/or androgen receptors was suggested in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Aim of the study To determine the androgens elevated and diagnostic for PCOS. Material and methods A total of 120 PCOS women were compared to non-PCOS controls in this study. The studied women were evaluated thoroughly, including: day 2-3 hormonal profile and any hormonal change confirmed by two laboratory results eight weeks apart. Collected data were analysed to determine the androgens elevated and diagnostic for PCOS. Results The luteinising hormone (LH) and LH/follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio were significantly high in the studied PCOS group compared to controls (p = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). In addition, total and free testosterone and androstenedione were significantly high in the studied PCOS group compared to controls (p = 0.001, 0.003, and 0.02, respectively).The studied PCOS group had higher relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) of elevated total testosterone (2.4 and 5.7, respectively), elevated free testosterone (2.9 and 4.9, respectively), and elevated androstenedione (3.0 and 4.8, respectively), compared to controls. Conclusions Testosterone (both total and free testosterone) and androstenedione were the main elevated androgens and were diagnostic for excess ovarian androgens in the studied PCOS women, whereas dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) was not elevated and/or diagnostic for excess ovarian androgens in the studied PCOS women.
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- 2020
47. EpiHacks, a Process for Technologists and Health Experts to Cocreate Optimal Solutions for Disease Prevention and Control: User-Centered Design Approach
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Mark S. Smolinski and Nomita Divi
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Process management ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,Control (management) ,diagnostic ,Health Informatics ,prevention ,Humans ,One Health ,Adaptation (computer science) ,solution ,Pandemics ,Original Paper ,Local Government ,SARS-CoV-2 ,innovative approaches to disease surveillance ,public health ,COVID-19 ,hack ,Timeline ,Mass Gatherings ,tool ,Replication (computing) ,technology solution ,innovation ,expert ,Scalability ,Key (cryptography) ,surveillance ,epidemiology ,disease surveillance ,User-Centered Design ,control - Abstract
Background Technology-based innovations that are created collaboratively by local technology specialists and health experts can optimize the addressing of priority needs for disease prevention and control. An EpiHack is a distinct, collaborative approach to developing solutions that combines the science of epidemiology with the format of a hackathon. Since 2013, a total of 12 EpiHacks have collectively brought together over 500 technology and health professionals from 29 countries. Objective We aimed to define the EpiHack process and summarize the impacts of the technology-based innovations that have been created through this approach. Methods The key components and timeline of an EpiHack were described in detail. The focus areas, outputs, and impacts of the twelve EpiHacks that were conducted between 2013 and 2021 were summarized. Results EpiHack solutions have served to improve surveillance for influenza, dengue, and mass gatherings, as well as laboratory sample tracking and One Health surveillance, in rural and urban communities. Several EpiHack tools were scaled during the COVID-19 pandemic to support local governments in conducting active surveillance. All tools were designed to be open source to allow for easy replication and adaptation by other governments or parties. Conclusions EpiHacks provide an efficient, flexible, and replicable new approach to generating relevant and timely innovations that are locally developed and owned, are scalable, and are sustainable.
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- 2021
48. A 3D Hologram With Mixed Reality Techniques to Improve Understanding of Pulmonary Lesions Caused by COVID-19: Randomized Controlled Trial
- Author
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Fan Yang, Zhang Zhicai, Lin Lu, Xinghuo Wu, Mao Xie, Zhewei Ye, Gao Fei, Jiayao Zhang, Yi Xie, and Liu Songxiang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Students, Medical ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,pulmonary ,diagnostic ,Health Informatics ,Computed tomography ,Medical provider ,law.invention ,lesion ,Young Adult ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,Trial registration ,Lung ,mixed reality ,Original Paper ,Augmented Reality ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,imaging ,Mean age ,United States ,Clinical trial ,Physical therapy ,business ,hologram - Abstract
Background The COVID-19 outbreak has now become a pandemic and has had a serious adverse impact on global public health. The effect of COVID-19 on the lungs can be determined through 2D computed tomography (CT) imaging, which requires a high level of spatial imagination on the part of the medical provider. Objective The purpose of this study is to determine whether viewing a 3D hologram with mixed reality techniques can improve medical professionals’ understanding of the pulmonary lesions caused by COVID-19. Methods The study involved 60 participants, including 20 radiologists, 20 surgeons, and 20 medical students. Each of the three groups was randomly divided into two groups, either the 2D CT group (n=30; mean age 29 years [range 19-38 years]; males=20) or the 3D holographic group (n=30; mean age 30 years [range 20=38 years]; males=20). The two groups completed the same task, which involved identifying lung lesions caused by COVID-19 for 6 cases using a 2D CT or 3D hologram. Finally, an independent radiology professor rated the participants' performance (out of 100). All participants in two groups completed a Likert scale questionnaire regarding the educational utility and efficiency of 3D holograms. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was completed by all participants. Results The mean task score of the 3D hologram group (mean 91.98, SD 2.45) was significantly higher than that of the 2D CT group (mean 74.09, SD 7.59; P Conclusions A 3D hologram with mixed reality techniques can be used to help medical professionals, especially medical students and newly hired doctors, better identify pulmonary lesions caused by COVID-19. It can be used in medical education to improve spatial awareness, increase interest, improve understandability, and lower the learning curve. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100045845; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=125761
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- 2021
49. Editorial: Advances in basic and applied research in photoplethysmography.
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Allen, John and Kyriacou, Panicos A.
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PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY ,CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks ,PULSE wave analysis ,INTRACRANIAL pressure ,MULTIPLE Signal Classification ,IMAGE recognition (Computer vision) - Abstract
This editorial introduces the concept of photoplethysmography (PPG), a technique used to detect blood volume changes in tissue with each heartbeat. PPG has gained popularity due to its applications in assessing the cardiovascular system, monitoring vital signs, and studying pain. The editorial highlights the growing body of literature on PPG's relation to various physiological factors and its potential for detecting heart arrhythmias. It also mentions the integration of PPG with wearable devices and artificial intelligence for health monitoring. The Research Topic in this journal showcases 16 original research papers covering diverse contributions in PPG measurement and analysis, including monitoring age-related changes in the cardiovascular system, classifying PPG waveforms, assessing temporal complexity in PPG and its influence on blood pressure, and using PPG for clinical monitoring in neonatal intensive care. The article discusses various studies related to non-invasive monitoring of physiological parameters using PPG technology, such as monitoring intracranial pressure, detecting heartbeats, classifying systemic sclerosis, estimating blood pressure, assessing pain, and evaluating small fiber neuropathy. The findings of these studies demonstrate the potential of PPG technology in various clinical applications, and the authors hope that this research will contribute to the advancement of PPG technology and its applications in healthcare and well-being. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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50. Advanced Detection of Failed LEDs in a Short Circuit for Automotive Lighting Applications.
- Author
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Martínez-Pérez, Jose R., Carvajal, Miguel A., Santaella, Juan J., López-Ruiz, Nuria, Escobedo, Pablo, and Martínez-Olmos, Antonio
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SHORT circuits ,ELECTRIC potential ,SIGNAL detection ,OPEN-circuit voltage ,PREDICTION models ,DAYLIGHT ,AUTOMOBILE industry ,MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of LED short-circuit fault detection in signaling and lighting systems in the automotive industry. The conventional diagnostic method commonly implemented in newer vehicles relies on measuring the voltage drop across different LED branches and comparing it with threshold values indicating faults caused by open circuits or LED short circuits. With this algorithm, detecting cases of a few LEDs short-circuited within a branch, particularly a single malfunctioning LED, is particularly challenging. In this work, two easily implementable algorithms are proposed to address this issue within the vehicle's control unit. One is based on a mathematical prediction model, while the other utilizes a neural network. The results obtained offer a 100% LED short-circuit fault detection rate in the majority of analyzed cases, representing a significant improvement over the conventional method, even in scenarios involving a single malfunctioning LED within a branch. Additionally, the neural network-based model can accurately predict the number of failed LEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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