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The current work applies L9 (33) Orthogonal Array (OA) of Taguchi design to obtain an optimum combination of nature of fuel, speed of engine, and load for DI- CI diesel engine that is alternatively fueled with waste cooking oil (WCO) based pure biodiesel (B100) & 20% blend of biodiesel with neat diesel (B20) with an objective to achieve maximum reduction in smoke and NOx emissions and to enhance the output parameters like engine's heat release, cylinder pressure and brake power with the conceivable dwindling of brake specific fuel consumption of the engine at various load conditions. The optimal input parameters (nature of fuel as B100, speed as 2300 rpm and load as 100%) were specified by the grey relational analysis in such a way that the preferred output results are successfully accomplished. Furthermore, analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique showed that the nature of fuel is the major leading factor with 44.28% impact on the output parameters. The experimental and ANN simulated results at the predicted optimal combination ensured the significant improvements of output response factors, thus validating the use of Grey-Taguchi method in reducing emissions and improving combustion and performance simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The characteristics of carbonyl compounds emissions were investigated on a direct injection, turbocharged diesel engine fueled with pure biodiesel derived from soybean oil. The gas-phase carbonyls were collected by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-coated silica cartridges from diluted exhaust and analyzed by HPLC with UV detector. A commercial standard mixture including 14 carbonyl compounds was used for quantitative analysis. The experimental results indicate that biodiesel-fueled engine almost has triple carbonyls emissions of diesel-fueled engine. The weighted carbonyls emission of 8-mode test cycle of biodiesel is 90.8mg(kWh)−1 and that of diesel is 30.7mg(kWh)−1. The formaldehyde is the most abundant compound of carbonyls for both biodiesel and diesel, taking part for 46.2% and 62.7% respectively. The next most significant compounds are acetaldehyde, acrolein and acetone for both fuels. The engine fueled with biodiesel emits a comparatively high content of propionaldehyde and methacrolein. Biodiesel, as an alternative fuel, has lower specific reactivity (SR) caused by carbonyls compared with diesel. When fueled with biodiesel, carbonyl compounds make more contribution to total hydrocarbon emission. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]