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The Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations (DCH-NG) study is a large population-based cohort study that was established as a resource for transgenerational research. The cohort is an extension of the Diet, Cancer and Health (DCH) cohort. The aim of this paper was to describe the study design and methods and to investigate the representativeness of participants by comparing participants with non-participants with emphasis on socioeconomic determinants. In 2015-2019, children (G1), their spouses (G1P) and grandchildren (G2) of DCH cohort members were invited to participate. Participants completed questionnaires, a physical examination and collection of biological material. Information on general and sociodemographic variables was obtained by linkage to administrative registries in Denmark. The cohort includes 39,554 adult participants with complete data collection. Participants are represented in different family structures including 2- and 3-generation relationships, offspring-parents trios and siblings. The odds ratio for participation was highest among G1, females, middle-aged and married individuals and individuals with the highest education, highest income, occupations requiring high-level skills and residency near a study centre. The different family structures allow a range of studies with cohort and transgenerational designs. The pattern of more likelihood of participation in higher socioeconomic groups was similar to the pattern of participation in the DCH cohort and the general patterns in population-based studies. Accordingly, the study population has some limitations as to being representative of the general population. Yet, the DCH-NG cohort will provide valuable insight on the association between risk factor-disease relationships and the role of heredity on these associations., (© 2022. Springer Nature B.V.)

Introduction: Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in lymphomagenesis and several dietary factors seem to be involved its regulation. The aim of the current study was to assess the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of lymphoma and its subtypes in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study., Methods: The analysis included 476,160 subjects with an average follow-up of 13.9 years, during which 3,136 lymphomas (135 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 2606 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 395 NOS) were identified. The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed by means of an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD), calculated using 28 dietary components and their corresponding inflammatory weights. The association between the ISD and lymphoma risk was estimated by hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated by multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders., Results: The ISD was not associated with overall lymphoma risk. Among lymphoma subtypes, a positive association between the ISD and mature B-cell NHL (HR for a 1-SD increase: 1.07 (95% CI 1.01; 1.14), p trend = 0.03) was observed. No statistically significant association was found among other subtypes. However, albeit with smaller number of cases, a suggestive association was observed for HL (HR for a 1-SD increase = 1.22 (95% CI 0.94; 1.57), p trend 0.13)., Conclusions: Our findings suggested that a high ISD score, reflecting a pro-inflammatory diet, was modestly positively associated with the risk of B-cell lymphoma subtypes. Further large prospective studies on low-grade inflammation induced by diet are warranted to confirm these findings.