Search

Objective: Prior studies on linoleic acid, the predominant n-6 fatty acid, and breast cancer risk have generated inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship of dietary and serum linoleic acid with breast cancer risk., Design: Pertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed and EMBASE. The fixed- or random-effect pooled measure was selected based on between-study heterogeneity., Results: Eight prospective cohort studies and four prospective nested case-control studies, involving 10 410 breast cancer events from 358 955 adult females across different countries, were included in present study. Compared with the lowest level of linoleic acid, the pooled relative risk (RR; 95 % CI) of breast cancer was 0·98 (0·93, 1·04) for the highest level of linoleic acid. The pooled RR (95 % CI) for dietary and serum linoleic acid were 0·99 (0·92, 1·06) and 0·98 (0·88, 1·08), respectively. The RR (95 % CI) of breast cancer was 0·97 (0·91, 1·04), 0·95 (0·85, 1·07), 0·96 (0·86, 1·07), 0·98 (0·87, 1·10) and 0·99 (0·85, 1·14) for linoleic acid intake of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g/d, respectively. The risk of breast cancer decreased by 1 % (RR=0·99; 95 % CI 0·93, 1·05) for every 10 g/d increment in linoleic acid intake., Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that both dietary linoleic acid intake and serum linoleic acid level were associated with decreased risk of breast cancer, although none of the associations were statistically significant. Further investigations are warranted.

Objective: Prior studies on linoleic acid, the predominant n-6 fatty acid, and breast cancer risk have generated inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship of dietary and serum linoleic acid with breast cancer risk.Design: Pertinent studies were identified by a search of PubMed and EMBASE. The fixed- or random-effect pooled measure was selected based on between-study heterogeneity.Results: Eight prospective cohort studies and four prospective nested case-control studies, involving 10 410 breast cancer events from 358 955 adult females across different countries, were included in present study. Compared with the lowest level of linoleic acid, the pooled relative risk (RR; 95 % CI) of breast cancer was 0·98 (0·93, 1·04) for the highest level of linoleic acid. The pooled RR (95 % CI) for dietary and serum linoleic acid were 0·99 (0·92, 1·06) and 0·98 (0·88, 1·08), respectively. The RR (95 % CI) of breast cancer was 0·97 (0·91, 1·04), 0·95 (0·85, 1·07), 0·96 (0·86, 1·07), 0·98 (0·87, 1·10) and 0·99 (0·85, 1·14) for linoleic acid intake of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g/d, respectively. The risk of breast cancer decreased by 1 % (RR=0·99; 95 % CI 0·93, 1·05) for every 10 g/d increment in linoleic acid intake.Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that both dietary linoleic acid intake and serum linoleic acid level were associated with decreased risk of breast cancer, although none of the associations were statistically significant. Further investigations are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Background & aims Prior studies on carotenoids and gastric cancer risk have generated inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to summarize the evidence regarding the relation of carotenoids and gastric cancer risk. Methods A comprehensive search was performed to identify all observational studies providing quantitative estimates between gastric cancer risk and carotenoids. The fixed or random effect model was selected based on the homogeneity test among studies in the highest vs. lowest categorical analyses. Results 13 published case–control studies with 14 results including 3919 cases and 7400 controls, and 8 cohort studies involving 1972 cases of gastric cancer and 96,691participants, met the inclusion criteria. For case–control studies, only intake of β-carotene and α-carotene were significantly associated with a reduced gastric cancer risk. The summary OR(95%CI) for β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene and lutein were 0.52(0.46–0.59), 0.59(0.37–0.92), 0.88(0.55–1.41) and 0.85(0.56–1.30) respectively. In contrast, the summary RR(95%CI) for β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene and lutein were 0.72(0.50–1.03), 0.79(0.58–1.07), 0.80(0.60–1.07) and 0.95(0.77–1.18), respectively. Conclusion Although data from case–control studies suggested that β-carotene, α-carotene were inversely associated with risk of gastric cancer, there was no conclusive evidence on this association because of inconsistencies between case–control and cohort studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]