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Dioctria harcyniae LOEW, 1844 NÖ, Hainburg, Spitzerberg, 26.5.01, 27.5.01. Nach Fauna Europaea neu für Österreich!, Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 767, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374

Genus Dioctria Meigen Dioctria Meigen, 1803: 270. Type species: Asilus oelandicus Linnaeus, 1758. Species of the genus Dioctria are characterized by their relatively small size (7���20 mm.), comparatively slen- der, sometimes clavate abdomen (Hull, 1962), and long antenna (longer than the height of the eye, situated high near the vertex of the head, with a ���spoon-shaped��� apical segment). The South Korean species are externally similar in appearance, and each species with a wide range of interspecific variation in characters (wing pigmentation, abdominal markings and hair color). The male���s epandria are undivided and our four South Korean species all share medially grooved hypandria (Fig. 12) and stout, truncated aedeagi with 2 slender endoaedeagi (Figs 15, 16). The gonopods with their 3 lobed processes are unique within species and are useful characters for determination. The female genitalia lack spines on the short terminal segment, and are externally generalized and indistinct between species. Hence, they are not illustrated in this study. The following key covers the South Korean species of Dioctria only, and does not apply to other areas., Published as part of Young, Charles L. & Hradsk��, Milan M., 2008, Robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of South Korea. Parts VI ��� VIII. South Korean species of the Subfamilies Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae and Trigonomiminae, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1876 on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184102, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1803) Versuch einer neuen Gattungseintheilung der europaischen zweiflugligen Insekten. VII. Magazin fur Insektenkunde, 2, 259 - 281.","Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, Vol. 1 Stockholm, 824 pp.","Hull, F. M. (1962) Robber flies of the world. Bulletin of the United States National Museum Washington, 224, 1 - 907."]}

Dioctria keremza Richter (Figs 6���10) Dioctria keremza Richter, 1970: 467. Small sized, dark, robust flies, 7.0���8.5 mm. Dioctria keremza is the most easily distinguished species of the genus Dioctria from South Korea by the overall jet black color, other species showing pale yellow markings on the thorax or abdomen. Adult. Male. Head. Bilaterally lobed antenna base descending to upper face; mid and lower portions with black and yellow tomentum. Mystax semicircular, with very sparse, long, yellow hair. Relative lengths of antennal segments: 3 + 4, Published as part of Young, Charles L. & Hradsk��, Milan M., 2008, Robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of South Korea. Parts VI ��� VIII. South Korean species of the Subfamilies Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae and Trigonomiminae, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1876 on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184102, {"references":["Richter, V. A. (1970) A new species of robber fly (Diptera Asilidae) from Mongolia. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 49 (3), 468 - 470."]}

Dioctria vainsteini Lehr (Figs 11���16) Dioctria vainsteini Lehr, 1999: 626. Small sized dark, slender delicate flies, 7 ���8.5 mm. Dioctria vainsteini is distinguished from the other species of the genus Dioctria from South Korea by the 1 st antennal segment which less than 2 times as long as segment 2, and by the distinct basally dark tinged wings. Adult. Male. Head. Upper face shining black, extending medially to mystax; laterally with bright gold tomentum. Mystax semicircular in shape, with sparse long yellow hair. Relative lengths of antennal segments: 3 + 4, Published as part of Young, Charles L. & Hradsk��, Milan M., 2008, Robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of South Korea. Parts VI ��� VIII. South Korean species of the Subfamilies Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae and Trigonomiminae, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1876 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184102, {"references":["Lehr, P. A. (1999) Family Asilidae. In: Lehr, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. VI. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt. 1. Dal'nauka Vladivostok, pp. 591 - 640."]}

Dioctria aestivis Esipenko (Figs 1���5) Dioctria aestivis Esipenko 1970: 42. Dioctria stackelbergi Esipenko, 1971: 194 (Lehr, 1999: 627). Medium sized dark, slender delicate flies, 11���12 mm. Dioctria aestivis is distinguished from the other species of the genus Dioctria from South Korea by the distinct black bands on the hind femur and tibia, the other species with less distinct markings. As noted by Lehr (2001), ���Wide variability in external characters is typical of the species.��� This particularly holds true for the wing pigmentation and coloring on the abdomen in our South Korean specimens (see ���Variation��� below). Adult. Male. Head. Upper face shining black, sparse yellow tomentum ventrally and fine silver tomentum laterally. Mystax semicircular in shape, with sparse long yellow/white hairs. Relative length of antennal segments: 3 + 4 Dioctria humeralis eoa Lehr, 1965: 194. Medium sized dark, slender delicate flies, 7.0���10.1 mm. Dioctria humeralis eoa is distinguished from South Korean congeners by the 1 st antennal segment which is 2 times as long as segment 2, and the medially spotted wings. Adult. Female. Head. Upper face shining black, below and laterally micropubescent. Mystax a semicircle of sparse yellow hairs. Relative lengths of antennal segments: 3 + 4, Published as part of Young, Charles L. & Hradsk��, Milan M., 2008, Robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) of South Korea. Parts VI ��� VIII. South Korean species of the Subfamilies Dasypogoninae, Dioctriinae and Trigonomiminae, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1876 on pages 5-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184102, {"references":["Esipenko, P. A. (1970) Robber flies (Diptera, Asilidae) of East Part of Middle Priamurya. [Proceedings of Khabarovsk State Pedological Institute], 25, 41 - 52.","Esipenko, P. A. (1971) New species of robber flies of genus Dioctria Meig. (Diptera, Asilidae) of fauna of Far East. Sbornik Trudov Dal'nevostochnyi Nauchno-Issleledovatel'skii Instytut Lesnogo Khoziaistva 11, 192 - 202.","Lehr, P. A. (1999) Family Asilidae. In: Lehr, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Vol. VI. Diptera and Siphonaptera. Pt. 1. Dal'nauka Vladivostok, pp. 591 - 640.","Lehr, P. A. (2001) Robber flies of the subfamily Dioctriinae stat. n. (Diptera Asilidae) from Asia: 1. Taxonomy ecology and phylogeny. Entomologiceskoe Obozreniye, 80 (1), 194 - 208.","Lehr, P. A. (1965) Robber flies of the tribe Dioctrini of Kazakhstan and Middle Asia. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva, 9, 184 - 199."]}

The literature on robber fly pupae published primarily since 1972 is reviewed. Terminology used in morphological descriptions of pupal cases is compared and standardized, and some new terminology is used. A general description of asilid pupal cases is presented. Diagnostically useful characters are identified, and a consistent format for descriptions is presented. Pupal cases of 24 species are described for the first time, those of 13 species are redescribed, and additional comments are made on the pupal cases of 12 other species. Keys to species, genera, and higher categories are presented. Asilus lecythus Walker is transferred to the genus Machimus (new combination).