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We discuss the existence of breathers and of energy thresholds for their formation in DNLS lattices with linear and nonlinear impurities. In the case of linear impurities, we present some new results concerning important differences between the attractive and repulsive impurity which is interplaying with a power nonlinearity. These differences concern the coexistence or the existence of staggered and unstaggered breather profile patterns. We also distinguish between the excitation threshold (the positive minimum of the power observed when the dimension of the lattice is greater or equal to some critical value) and explicit analytical lower bounds on the power (predicting the smallest value of the power a discrete breather one-parameter family), which are valid for any dimension. Extended numerical studies in one-, two- and three-dimensional lattices justify that the theoretical bounds can be considered as thresholds for the existence of the frequency parameterized families. The discussion reviews and extends the issue of the excitation threshold in lattices with nonlinear impurities while lower bounds, with respect to the kinetic energy, are also discussed for travelling waves in FPU periodic lattices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the interaction of moving localized oscillations with a local inhomogeneity in a discrete nonlinear Hamiltonian system. We conjecture that resonance with a static nonlinear localized oscillation centered at the local inhomogeneity is a necessary condition for observing the trapping phenomenon. Analytic calculations and numerical simulations agree well with our hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]