1. Selenium and the Course of Mild Graves' Orbitopathy
- Author
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Marcocci, Claudio, Kahaly, Gj, Krassas, Ge, Bartalena, L, Prummel, M, Stahl, M, Altea, Ma, Nardi, Marco, Pitz, S, Boboridis, K, Sivelli, P, von Arx, G, Mourits, Mp, Baldeschi, Lelio, Bencivelli, Valter, Wiersinga, W, European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Ophthalmology, Other departments, and Endocrinology
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Graves' disease ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Placebo ,Antioxidants ,law.invention ,Pentoxifylline ,Selenium ,Randomized controlled trial ,Quality of life ,Double-Blind Method ,law ,Internal medicine ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Adverse effect ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Micronutrient ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Graves Ophthalmopathy ,Disease Progression ,Quality of Life ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Oxygen free radicals and cytokines play a pathogenic role in Graves' orbitopathy. Methods We carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effect of selenium (an antioxidant agent) or pentoxifylline (an antiinflammatory agent) in 159 patients with mild Graves' orbitopathy. The patients were given selenium (100 mu g twice daily), pentoxifylline (600 mg twice daily), or placebo (twice daily) orally for 6 months and were then followed for 6 months after treatment was withdrawn. Primary outcomes at 6 months were evaluated by means of an overall ophthalmic assessment, conducted by an ophthalmologist who was unaware of the treatment assignments, and a Graves' orbitopathy-specific quality-of-life questionnaire, completed by the patient. Secondary outcomes were evaluated with the use of a Clinical Activity Score and a diplopia score. Results At the 6-month evaluation, treatment with selenium, but not with pentoxifylline, was associated with an improved quality of life (P
- Published
- 2011
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