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Three Schiff base ligands, L1H = (2-((benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylimino)methyl)-6-nitrophenol), L2H = (2-((benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylimino)methyl)-4,6-diiodophenol), L3H = (2-((benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylimino)methyl)-4-bromo-6-methoxyphenol) and their binary metal complexes, 1 [Cu(L1)2], 2 [Co(L1)2], 3 [Cu(L2)2], 4 [Co(L2)2], 5 [Cu(L3)2] and 6 [Co(L3)2], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, ESI mass, FT-IR, ESR, UV–Visible, magnetic susceptibility and TGA studies. The analytical and various spectral data suggested a square-planar geometry around the metal for all complexes with N2O2-donor atoms from the Schiff base ligands. Antimicrobial study was investigated against two Gram-positive, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Staphylococcus aureus, and one Gram-negative, Escherichia coli, bacteria as well as against two fungal species, Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotium rolfsii, by using Streptomycin and Mancozeb as standard drugs, respectively. The results revealed that metal complexes show more potent activity than free ligands and moderate compared to standard drugs. The free-radical scavenging ability of the complexes was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assay methods using ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant, complexes 1 and 2 showed good scavenging activity. DNA-binding titrations were also performed and indicated that all complexes bind to calf-thymus DNA via an intercalation mode. Additionally, the complexes exhibited good cleavage ability against the pBR322 DNA even at low concentrations in the presence of activators, H2O2 as well as UV light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three isoxazole Schiff bases 2-((E)-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-ylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (L1), 2-((E)-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-ylimino)methyl)-4,6-diiodophenol (L2), 2-((E)-(3,5-dimethylisoxazol-4-ylimino)methyl)-6-bromo-4-chlorophenol (L3), and their Cu(II) complexes [Cu(L1)2] (1), [Cu(L2)2] (2) and [Cu(L3)2] (3) were synthesized. All the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ESI mass, UV-Visible, ESR, TGA, magnetic moments, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on analytical data, a square planar geometry is assigned to the Cu(II) complexes with N2O2donors from the Schiff base ligands. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements of1and2confirmed the square planar geometry. DNA binding studies from electronic absorption titrations, viscosity measurements, and fluorescence quenching studies indicated an intercalation mode of binding of Cu(II) complexes with CT-DNA. DNA cleavage experiments of Cu(II) complexes with supercoiled plasmid pBR322 DNA have also been investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis in the presence of H2O2(oxidative cleavage) and UV light (photolytic cleavage). The synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial (Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas putida,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Bacillus subtillisandStaphylococcus aureus) and antifungal (Candida albicansandAspergillus niger) activities by the paper disk method. The Cu(II) complexes showed better activity than corresponding Schiff bases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

• Ligand and its Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) metal complexes have been synthesized. • All the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. • The DNA binding and cleavage studies have been studied. • The compounds were screened for in-vitro antibacterial activity. • The in-vitro cytotoxicity of the compounds was also investigated by MTT assay. Novel Schiff base (L) derived from 6-aminobenzothiazole and 4-methoxy salicylaldehyde and its bivalent Cu(II) (1), Ni(II) (2) and Co(II) (3) metal complexes were synthesized and thoroughly characterized by various analytical and spectral techniques. From the data a square planar geometry is assigned for all complexes. The DNA interaction studies of complexes with CT-DNA were carried out by UV–Vis absorption, fluorescence and viscosity measurements. These studies revealed that the complexes bind to CT-DNA by intercalative mode. DNA cleavage capacity of all the metal complexes was studied by agarose gel electrophoresis method. Further, the antibacterial studies of metal complexes were evaluated and it is observed that all complexes showed grater activity than free ligand. In addition, in-vitro cytotoxicity of these complexes on tumor cell lines HeLa, A549 and MCF - 7 have been examined by MTT assay. The complexes showed greater cytotoxicity than the free Schiff base ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Three novel Cu(II) complexes 1 [Cu(L1) 2 ], 2 [Cu(L2) 2 ] and 3 [Cu(L3) 2 ], where L1H = 2-((3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-ylimino)methyl)-6-tert-butylphenol, L2H = 2-((3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-ylimino)methyl)-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol and L3H = 2-((3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-ylimino)methyl)-4,6-dibromophenol were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–Visible, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI mass, EPR and magnetic susceptibility studies. Based on spectroscopic and analytical data, a square planar geometry is assigned for all complexes. DNA binding and cleavage studies against calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and supercoiled pBR322 DNA respectively revealed an intercalative mode of binding and also cleave pBR322 DNA in an efficient manner. The ligands and their complexes were examined for antimicrobial activity against bacterial species E. coli, B. subtilis and fungal species S. rolfsii and M. phaseolina and found that all the Cu(II) complexes show more activity than the free Schiff base ligands. The antioxidant activity of metal complexes have also been determined using DPPH assay and found that the complexes are found to be good free radical scavengers. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Isoxazole Schiff bases and their Cu(II) complexes are prepared and characterized. • All the complexes have adopted square planar geometry. • The complexes have shown better inhibitory potential towards tested microorganisms. • DPPH assay proved that complexes are good free radical scavengers. • Complexes act as good DNA intercalating agents and also cleave DNA efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Herein, we have reported three novel mononuclear copper (II) complexes 1 [Cu(L1) 2 ], 2 [Cu(L2) 2 ] and 3 [Cu(L3) 2 ] where, L1H = (2-(4-methylbenzylimino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol, C 15 H 14 N 2 O 3)), L2H = (2-(4-methylbenzylimino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol, C 15 H 14 ClNO)) and L3H = (2-(4-methylbenzylimino)methyl)-4,6-dichlorophenol, C 15 H 13 Cl 2 NO)) have been characterized by several physicochemical techniques. Having a base of spectroscopic and analytical data, complexes 1 , 2 and 3 exhibited square planar geometry where Schiff bases act as bi-dentate NO donar ligands. DNA biding and nuclease activity studies against CT-DNA and supercoiled pBR322-DNA respectively revealed an intercalative mode of binding and also cleave efficient manner. Moreover, synthesized compounds were investigated for their in - vitro cytotoxic potential against human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) and oral cancer cell (KB3) using cis-platin as standard drug under MTT assay, results revealed that the biological potency of synthesized compounds as well as antibacterial activity. Graphical abstract Unlabelled Image Highlights • Synthesis, characterization of three novel p-tolylmethanamine Schiff bases and their copper complexes. • DNA binding ability with copper complexes. • Nuclease activity studies of compounds against pBR322 DNA. • In-vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity studies were performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel binary metal complexes; 1 [Cu(L) 2 ], 2 [Ni(L) 2 ] and 3 [Co(L) 3 ] where, L (2-(((furan-2-yl) methylimino)methyl)-6-ethoxyphenol, C 14 H 15 NO 3 ), were synthesized and characterized by various spectral techniques. Based on spectral studies square planar geometry is assigned for Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes, whereas Co(III) owned octahedral geometry. Ligand, [Cu(L) 2 ] and [Ni(L) 2 ] are crystallized and found to be monoclinic crystal systems. CT-DNA absorption binding studies revealed that the complexes show good binding propensity (K b  = 5.02 × 10 3  M −1 , 2.77 × 10 3  M −1 , 1.63 × 10 4  M −1 for 1 , 2 and 3 respectively). The role of these complexes in the oxidative and photolytic cleavage of supercoiled pBR322 DNA was studied and found that the complexes cleave the pBR322 DNA effectively. The catalytic ability of 1 , 2 and 3 follows the order: 3  >  1 > 2 . Antioxidant studies of the new complexes revealed that they exhibit significant antioxidant activity against DPPH radical. The Schiff base and its metal complexes have been screened for antibacterial studies by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration method. It is observed that all metal complexes showed more activity than free ligand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel Schiff bases, L 1 = (2-benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylimino)methyl)-4,6-dichlorophenol), L 2 = (1-benzo[d]thiazol-6-ylimino)methyl)-6-bromo-4-chlorophenol) and their bivalent transition metal complexes [M(L 1 ) 2 ] and [M(L 2 ) 2 ], where M = Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, IR, UV–visible, mass, magnetic moments, ESR, TGA, SEM, EDX and powder XRD. Based on the experimental data a square planar geometry around the metal ion is assigned to all the complexes ( 1a-2c ). The interaction of synthesized metal complexes with calf thymus DNA was explored using UV–visible absorption spectra, fluorescence and viscosity measurements. The experimental evidence indicated that all the metal complexes strongly bound to CT-DNA through an intercalation mode. DNA cleavage experiments of metal(II) complexes with supercoiled pBR322 DNA have also been explored by gel electrophoresis in the presence of H 2 O 2 as well as UV light, and it is found that the Cu(II) complexes cleaved DNA more effectively compared to Co(II), Ni(II) complexes. In addition, the ligands and their metal complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity and it is found that all the metal complexes were more potent than free ligands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four novel Schiff base ligands, L 1 (1-(( E )-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, C 19 H 11 F 3 N 2 O 2 S), L 2 (3-(( E )-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzene-1,2-diol, C 15 H 9 F 3 N 2 O 3 S), L 3 (2-(( E )-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)-5-methoxyphenol, C 16 H 11 F 3 N 2 O 3 S) and L 4 (2-(( E )-(6-(trifluoromethoxy)benzo[ d ]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)-4-bromophenol, C 15 H 8 BrF 3 N 2 O 2 S) and their binary copper(II) complexes 1 [Cu(L 1 ) 2 ], 2 [Cu(L 2 ) 2 ], 3 [Cu(L 3 ) 2 ] and 4 [Cu(L 4 ) 2 ] have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, ESI mass, FT-IR, ESR, UV–Visible, magnetic susceptibility, TGA, SEM and powder XRD studies. Based on spectral and analytical data, a square planar geometry is assigned for all Cu(II) complexes. The ligands and their Cu(II) complexes have been screened for antimicrobial activity against bacterial species E . coli , P . aeruginosa , B . amyloliquefaciens and S . aureus and fungal species S . rolfsii and M . phaseolina and it is observed that all Cu(II) complexes are more potent than corresponding ligands. DNA binding (UV absorption, fluorescence and viscosity titrations) and cleavage (oxidative and photo cleavage) studies of Cu(II) complexes have also been investigated against calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and supercoiled pBR322 DNA respectively. From the experimental results, it is found that the complexes bound effectively to CT-DNA through an intercalative mode and also cleaved pBR322 DNA in an efficient manner. The DNA binding and cleavage affinities of newly synthesized Cu(II) complexes are in the order of 2 > 1 > 3 > 4 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]