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This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of gabapentin as an adjuvant for postoperative pain management in dogs. Twenty dogs undergoing mastectomy were randomized to receive perioperative oral placebo or gabapentin (10 mg/kg). All dogs were premedicated with intramuscular acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg) and morphine (0.3 mg/ kg). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg) intravenously and maintained with isoflurane. Intravenous meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) was administered preoperatively. Postoperative analgesia was evaluated for 72 hr. Rescue analgesia was provided with intramuscular morphine (0.5 mg/kg). Dogs in the Placebo group received significantly more morphine doses than the Gabapentin group (P=0.021), despite no significant differences in pain scores. Perioperative gabapentin reduced the postoperative morphine requirements in dogs after mastectomy.

The aim of this study was compare the cardiopulmonary, analgesic and sedative effects of different doses of tramadol in bitches undergoing to ovariohysterectomy. Twenty four adult crossbreed bitches were randomly assigned to three treatments of 8 animals and received intravenously (IV) tramadol 1, 2 or 4mg kg-1 (T1, T2 and T4, respectively). Pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.05mg kg-1 IV). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4mg kg-1 IV) and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen. Tramadol was administered 5 minutes before surgical incision in all groups. Heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, systolic blood pressure, degree of analgesia and sedation, serum cortisol concentration and adverse effects were measured. Mild changes were observed in cardiopulmonary variables in all treatments. The pain score was lower in T4 in the 3rd hour after surgery in relation to other treatments. Sedation degree was not different among the treatments. The serum cortisol did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, different doses of tramadol promoted similar analgesic effects, with mild sedative and cardiopulmonary effects. However, high incidence of vomiting was observed with tramadol at 4mg kg-1 in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this blind study was to investigate the cardiopulmonary and analgesic effects of different doses of fentanyl combined with lidocaine by epidural route in dogs. Twenty-eight dogs were distributed in four treatments: 5mg kg-1 of lidocaine with vasoconstrictor alone (L) and in combination with 2.5, 5 e 7mg kg-1 of fentanyl (F2.5, F5 e F7). The preanaesthetic medication was intravenous acepromazine (0.05mg kg-1). An intravenous bolus of fentanyl (2.5mg kg-1) was administered immediately before epidural injection. Heart and respiratory rates, electrocardiography, systolic arterial blood pressure, rectal temperature, arterial blood gases, onset time, duration of anesthesia and sensitive block level were investigated. There was decrease of heart rate after epidural injection when compared with the baseline values in F2.5, F5 and F7 treatments. Heart rate was higher in L when compared with F5 and F7 at 30 and 60 minutes after epidural anesthesia. Onset time was not statically different among the treatments. Duration of anesthesia was longer in F5 when compared with the other treatments. Sensitive block until the sixth lumbar vertebra occurred in four dogs in L. Sensitive block until the first lumbar vertebra occurred in five dogs in F2.5 and F7 and in six dogs in F5. In conclusion, the addition of fentanyl to lidocaine in epidural anesthesia allowed cranial sensory block in relation to the isolated use of lidocaine. The addition of fentanyl (5mg kg-1) to lidocaine prolonged the anesthetic blockade when compared with others treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]