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3. Climatically controlled reproduction drives interannual growth variability in a temperate tree species

Author

Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Ascoli, Davide, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Biondi, Franco, Cavin, Liam, Conedera, Marco, Drobyshev, Igor, Liñán, Isabel Dorado, Friend, Andrew, Grabner, Michael, Hartl, Claudia, Kreyling, Juergen, Lebourgeois, François, Levanič, Tom, Menzel, Annette, Van Der Maaten, Ernst, Van Der Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke, Muffler, Lena, Motta, Renzo, Roibu, Catalin-Constantin, Popa, Ionel, Scharnweber, Tobias, Weigel, Robert, Wilmking, Martin, Zang, Christian, University of Liverpool, University of Naples Federico II, Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), University of Nevada [Reno], University of Stirling, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), INIA-CIFOR, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, SILVA (SILVA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-AgroParisTech, Slovenian Forestry Institute, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institute for Forest Growth, Dept Agr Forest & Food Sci DISAFA, University of Turin, University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund (REF161/025), European Union (EU) COST Action PROFOUND (FP1304), research training group RESPONSE - German Research Council (DFG Fi 846/8-1, DFG GRK2010), Office of Research and Innovation at the University of Nevada, Reno (USA), European Project: 282250,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101109,E3(2012), Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Avalanche Research WSL, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Johannes Gutenberg - University of Mainz (JGU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Friend, Andrew [0000-0002-9029-1045], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), and Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO)

Subjects
Letter, structural equation modelling, Dendrochronology, Fagus sylvatica, Climate Change, Reproduction, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Trade-off, drought, Forests, masting, Trees, European beech, structural equationmodelling, Structural equation modelling, SEM, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Fagus, forest growth, path analysis, Letters, trade‐off, trade-off
Abstract

International audience; Climatically controlled allocation to reproduction is a key mechanism by which climate influences tree growth and may explain lagged correlations between climate and growth. We used continent‐wide datasets of tree‐ring chronologies and annual reproductive effort in Fagus sylvatica from 1901 to 2015 to characterise relationships between climate, reproduction and growth. Results highlight that variable allocation to reproduction is a key factor for growth in this species, and that high reproductive effort (‘mast years’) is associated with stem growth reduction. Additionally, high reproductive effort is associated with previous summer temperature, creating lagged climate effects on growth. Consequently, understanding growth variability in forest ecosystems requires the incorporation of reproduction, which can be highly variable. Our results suggest that future response of growth dynamics to climate change in this species will be strongly influenced by the response of reproduction.

Published
2018

4. Geographical adaptation prevails over species‐specific determinism in trees' vulnerability to climate change at Mediterranean rear‐edge forests.

Author

Dorado‐Liñán, Isabel, Piovesan, Gianluca, Martínez‐Sancho, Elisabet, Gea‐Izquierdo, Guillermo, Zang, Christian, Cañellas, Isabel, Castagneri, Daniele, Di Filippo, Alfredo, Gutiérrez, Emilia, Ewald, Joerg, Fernández‐de‐Uña, Laura, Hornstein, Daniel, Jantsch, Matthias C., Levanič, Tom, Mellert, Karl H., Vacchiano, Giorgio, Zlatanov, Tzvetan, and Menzel, Annette

Subjects
TREES & the environment, CLIMATE change, FOREST mortality, FOREST declines, DROUGHTS, DROUGHT tolerance, TREE growth
Abstract

Climate change may reduce forest growth and increase forest mortality, which is connected to high carbon costs through reductions in gross primary production and net ecosystem exchange. Yet, the spatiotemporal patterns of vulnerability to both short‐term extreme events and gradual environmental changes are quite uncertain across the species' limits of tolerance to dryness. Such information is fundamental for defining ecologically relevant upper limits of species tolerance to drought and, hence, to predict the risk of increased forest mortality and shifts in species composition. We investigate here to what extent the impact of short‐ and long‐term environmental changes determines vulnerability to climate change of three evergreen conifers (Scots pine, silver fir, Norway spruce) and two deciduous hardwoods (European beech, sessile oak) tree species at their southernmost limits of distribution in the Mediterranean Basin. Finally, we simulated future forest growth under RCP 2.6 and 8.5 emission scenarios using a multispecies generalized linear mixed model. Our analysis provides four key insights into the patterns of species' vulnerability to climate change. First, site climatic marginality was significantly linked to the growth trends: increasing growth was related to less climatically limited sites. Second, estimated species‐specific vulnerability did not match their a priori rank in drought tolerance: Scots pine and beech seem to be the most vulnerable species among those studied despite their contrasting physiologies. Third, adaptation to site conditions prevails over species‐specific determinism in forest response to climate change. And fourth, regional differences in forests vulnerability to climate change across the Mediterranean Basin are linked to the influence of summer atmospheric circulation patterns, which are not correctly represented in global climate models. Thus, projections of forest performance should reconsider the traditional classification of tree species in functional types and critically evaluate the fine‐scale limitations of the climate data generated by global climate models. Current and forecasted trends in tree growth from temperate and boreal tree species growing at the southernmost limit of their natural distribution in Europe. The tree growth projections by 2100 revealed a generalized decrease in growth under the climatic conditions derived from the RCP 8.5 emission scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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5. Climatically controlled reproduction drives interannual growth variability in a temperate tree species

Author

Hacket-Pain, Andrew J, Ascoli, Davide, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Biondi, Franco, Cavin, Liam, Conedera, Marco, Drobyshev, Igor, Liñán, Isabel Dorado, Friend, Andrew D, Grabner, Michael, Hartl, Claudia, Kreyling, Juergen, Lebourgeois, François, Levanič, Tom, Menzel, Annette, Van Der Maaten, Ernst, Van Der Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke, Muffler, Lena, Motta, Renzo, Roibu, Catalin-Constantin, Popa, Ionel, Scharnweber, Tobias, Weigel, Robert, Wilmking, Martin, and Zang, Christian S

Subjects
Dendrochronology, Fagus sylvatica, Climate Change, Reproduction, drought, 15. Life on land, structural equation modelling, Forests, masting, European beech, Trees, 13. Climate action, SEM, forest growth, Fagus, path analysis, FOS: Medical biotechnology, trade-off
Abstract

Climatically controlled allocation to reproduction is a key mechanism by which climate influences tree growth and may explain lagged correlations between climate and growth. We used continent-wide datasets of tree-ring chronologies and annual reproductive effort in Fagus sylvatica from 1901 to 2015 to characterise relationships between climate, reproduction and growth. Results highlight that variable allocation to reproduction is a key factor for growth in this species, and that high reproductive effort ('mast years') is associated with stem growth reduction. Additionally, high reproductive effort is associated with previous summer temperature, creating lagged climate effects on growth. Consequently, understanding growth variability in forest ecosystems requires the incorporation of reproduction, which can be highly variable. Our results suggest that future response of growth dynamics to climate change in this species will be strongly influenced by the response of reproduction.

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