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Development and other perspectives of drug offences Summary The subject of this thesis is the criminal law governing the manipulation of psychoactive substances or so-called drug offenses. For the purposes of the thesis the term psychoactive substances is equal to the term narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances as used in Act 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code. Special attention is then paid to the real impact of this regulation in the area of drug related issues. The first chapter maps the development of laws governing psychoactive substances from antiquity to present day while observing the repetitive trends in the historical legal approach. The attention is also paid to the modern development in this area in the international field, with particular focus the most important conventions signed during the twentieth century and the gradually increasing role of the European Union. The changes in the legal treatment of drug offenses on Czech territory are then described in more detail, the current Czech legislation being one of the main focuses of the thesis. The individual drug offenses contained in Sections 283 to 287 of Act No. 40/2009 Coll., Criminal Code, are discussed in further detail also taking into account the relevant case law and any problems encountered in their practical application. Due to the...

The thesis "Criminal Aspects of Drug Crime" presents selected aspects of the current global problem of drug abuse in the criminal law. The aim of the thesis is to point out the negatives of drug abuse and their image in the current wording of the facts of drug offences. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the frequently used term "drug", as well as the breakdown of drugs and the effects of selected drugs. The second part gives an overview of the development of domestic legislation, focusing in particular on the Criminal Law of 1950 and 1961. The third part is the core part and presents the current legislation, primarily the meanings of drug offences defined by Act No. 40/2009 Coll., the Criminal Code. The fourth and last part serves to present the Romanian legislation on drug offences, highlighting its most interesting aspects.

Crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances The abuse of addictive substances is an issue of the whole society, which in current globalized world, considering continuous development of drug scene, still remains topical. The abuse of addictive substances, as a significant criminogenic need, relates to all kinds of different criminal offences, both those committed by addicts and those committed against them. This includes for example property crimes, crimes against life, person and health, or endangerment. Because of such wide scope of crimes related to the abuse of addictive substances, the focus of my work is on substantive regulation of so-called drug offences, which is stated in the articles 283 - 287 of the Criminal Code. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse constituent elements of the particular drug offences, coherent case-law, as well as some questionable issues related with this kind of criminal offences. It is for instance, the issue of determining the term "greater than the small amount" and regulation of making cannabis accessible for medical use. Higher consideration is given to the questions of so called growshops and the issues of the distribution of drug addiction. The thesis is divided into general part and special part. In the general part, there is a definition of some...

58 Drug Offences - Comparison of the Czech and Spanish Legislation Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the current substantive law regulation of so-called drug offences in the criminal law environment of the Czech Republic and the Kingdom of Spain. Its key task is to provide its readers with a comprehensive picture of the current legal regulation in both countries by comparing their legal provisions, their case-law and opinions of the criminal law science. The thesis consists of four parts systematically divided into fifteen chapters. In the introductory part, it deals with international and European regulation. In its respective chapters, it briefly presents three fundamental international conventions of the United Nations and the current EU legislation in the framework of the primary and secondary law, forming a common basis for both national legislations. In the second part of the thesis, it presents a national Czech regulation of so-called drug offences, where the individual chapters successively analyse the drug offences term as such in the sense of criminal law science, the form and motives of the current legal definition of prohibited narcotic substances and their individual bodies of the crime according to their order in the Criminal Code of the Czech Republic. Analogically,...

Crimes related to substance abuse Criminal offences related to substance abuse are still a highly topical issue having serious social, health-related, financial and security impacts on the whole society. Since the subject is very broad, I decided to focus on substantive law of so-called drug-related crimes. The thesis is divided into eight sections. In the first one I define the basic terms that are frequently used in the thesis and whose definition is crucial for understanding the text as a whole. Second section contains historical background of the current legal form of drug- related crimes in the Czech Republic, while also some international legal rules are included as they influenced local legal development as well as many legal obligations result from them for the Czech Republic until the present. Third section covers current legislation; it contains a common introduction for individual elements of the drug-related offences as well as a broader context within the Penal Code, and it also mentions certain non-penal legislation that is closely connected to this topic. Substance of this thesis is in sections 4 - 8 describing individual elements of the drug offences. In each section there is also some part devoted to analyzing current issues. In the fourth section I deal with an act of cannabis...

Crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances Crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances is still a current legal issue. It is a very broad topic including many different questions, namely illegal alcohol production, crimes committed by drug users to get money to pay for their addiction or crimes committed on drug users. However, the purpose of my thesis is to analyse drug offences in the Czech Penal law. In the first chapter of this work, I briefly describe the division of drugs into specific groups based on common features and also provide some information concerning origin, usage and effects of the most known substances. Second chapter deals with the history of legal regulation of crimes relating to the abuse of non-alcoholic drugs, because existing legislation is in many ways based on it. In this legal area, our country is still bound by several international conventions and I have incorporated them in this chapter too. Finally, this chapter includes some basic information about our new penal code. The merit of this thesis is contained in chapters 3 - 7. There, substantive rules of drug offences according to articles 283 - 287 of the penal code are analyzed using the commentary on the penal law, articles of legal experts, and especially jurisprudence. In these chapters, I direct...

The purpose of my thesis is to analyse crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances. This is a very broad topic that affects many non-legal areas such as health care or economy. It is also associated with many criminological questions. However, in my thesis I focused on drug offences stated in the Czech Criminal Code. This topic was already processed several times, yet it still remains topical since the drug scene is constantly evolving, especially thanks to advanced technologies. The thesis is composed of seven chapters and the first chapter is aimed on defining the basic terms, which I consider crucial for the understanding of the issue. In this chapter I also define the basic terminology used in the thesis. The next chapter deals with the history of the legal regulation of the abuse of addictive non-alcoholic substances. I focused especially on the national legislation and to the limited extent also on international treaties. The first act I mentioned is "Břetislav decrees" from 1039 and gradually I'm getting to the current Criminal Code. One part of the chapter is devoted to the previous Criminal Code no. 140/1961 Coll. The merit of my thesis is contained in the chapters 3 - 7. Each chapter describes one of the drug offences, which are found in the articles 283 - 287 of the Criminal Code....

My thesis is focused on crime related to the abuse of addictive substances. It is a broad topic, because the abuse of addictive substances brings with it a whole range of social, health and economic problems and binds a wide range of criminal activities. The aim of my thesis is to analyze the body of each drug offence, related case law and current issues of the drug problem in the Czech Republic. The first chapter defines the basic terms associated with drug issues. The following chapter deals with the classification of drugs and their effects. It classifies drugs as legal and illegal, and lists their most harmful psychological, social and health risks. This chapter helps us to make a picture about the most commonly abused drugs in our country. The third and fourth chapters provide a general introduction to the topic of drug offences and describe the background of their current legislation. The merit of my thesis is contained in chapters 5 - 9. Each chapter focuses on a specific drug offence, as they are enshrined in sections 283 - 287 of the Criminal Code. All atributes of the facts of the crimes and qualified facts of the crimes are described in this chapters. The tenth chapter discusses the common provisions of the section 289 of the Criminal Code and the reasons for its recent partial annulment...