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Following results of recent studies, Huperzia myriophyllifolia (Huperziaceae), Lycopodium subinundatum (Lycopodiaceae), and Polystichum pseudodeltodon, P. pseudostenophyllum, P. subapiciflorum, and P. subobliquum (Dryopteridaceae) are recognized/reinstated. A new combination, Pseudolycopodiella subinundata, is made based on L. subinundatum. Spinulum lioui (Lycopodiaceae) is reported as a new record for most part of China and other Asian countries.

Polystichum pseudostenophyllum Tagawa (1934: 92). Figure 4. Type:— Taiwan Island: Taityu: in monte Noko-goe, 1933, J . Ohwi 3228 (KYO). Polystichum pseudostenophyllum is often treated as a synonym of P. stenophyllum (Franchet 1887: 117) Christ (1905: 27) (e.g., Kung et al. 2001, Zhang & Barrington 2013) and rarely recognized (Knapp 2011, Hsu et al. 2019). The two species are morphologically distinguishable with P. pseudostenophyllum having firm coriaceous laminae 7–10 times longer than wide, pinna margins with obvious and spreading teeth, sori mostly on one side of the midrib, and indusia ca. 1 mm in diam.; and P. stenophyllum having coriaceous laminae 12–15 times longer than wide, pinna margins indistinctly serrate, sori on both sides of the midrib, and indusia P. pseudostenophyllum can have lobed pinnae and the pinnae are long aristate and with rounded auricles, while P. stenophyllum never has lobed pinnae and the pinnae are short aristate and with acute auricles. Polystichum pseudostenophyllum is currently known to be endemic to Taiwan, but it might as well occur in Mainland China. Polystichum stenophyllum occurs in both Mainland China and Taiwan (Knapp 2011, Hsu et al. 2019), the Himalaya (Bhutan, India, N Myanmar, and Nepal), and Japan (Zhang & Barrington 2013, Ebihara 2016)., Published as part of Wan, Xia, Knapp, Ralf, Chen, De-Kui, He, Hai & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2023, Taxonomic notes on some East Asian pteridophytes, pp. 128-140 in Phytotaxa 597 (2) on page 132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7929279, {"references":["Tagawa, M. (1934) Spicilegium Pteridographiae Asiae Orientalis 7. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 3: 88 - 96. https: // doi. org / 10.18942 / bunruichiri. KJ 00002594151","Franchet, M. A. (1887) Plantae Davidianae ex sinarum imperio deuxieme partie (suite), plantes du Thibet Oriental (Province de Moupine). Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, ser. 2, 10: 33 - 198.","Christ, H. (1905) Fougeres de la Chine au Museum. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 52 (Mem. 1): 27.","Kung, H. - S., Chu, W. - M., He, Z. - R. & Zhang, L. - B. (2001) Polystichum. In: Kung, H. - S. (Ed.) Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, vol. 5 (2). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 1 - 246.","Zhang, L. - B. & Barrington, D. S. (2013) Polystichum. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (eds.) Flora of China, vol. 2 - 3 (Lycopodiaceae- Polypodiaceae). Science Press and St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing, pp. 629 - 713.","Knapp, R. (2011) Ferns and fern allies of Taiwan. Taipei: KBCC Press & Yuan-Liou Publishing.","Hsu, T. - C., Chen, C. - W., Knapp, R. & Hung, H. - C. (2019) Illustrated Flora of Taiwan vol. 8: Ferns & Lycophytes (I & II). Maotouying Chuban, Taiwan.","Ebihara, A. (2016) The standard of ferns and lycophytes in Japan, vol. 1. Gakken Plus, Tokyo, 475 pp."]}

Polystichum subapiciflorum Hayata (1915: 335). Figure 5. Type:— Taiwan Island: Arishan, Hasegawa-kei, April 1914, T . Ito & B. Hayata s.n. (TAIF-1998!, TI). Polystichum subapiciflorum is often treated as a synonym of P. biaristatum (Blume 1828: 164) T. Moore (1858: 86) (e. g., Knapp 2011, Zhang & Barrington 2013, Hsu et al. 2019). However, P. subapiciflorum (Knapp 4182, P!) has rounded pinnule apex and medial sori, whereas P. biaristatum has acute pinnule apex and sori slightly closer to the midrib. Polystichum biaristatum occurs in SE and S Asia but neither in Taiwan nor Mainland China., Published as part of Wan, Xia, Knapp, Ralf, Chen, De-Kui, He, Hai & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2023, Taxonomic notes on some East Asian pteridophytes, pp. 128-140 in Phytotaxa 597 (2) on page 132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7929279, {"references":["Hayata, B. (1915) Icones plantarum formosanarum nec non et contributiones ad floram formosanam, vol. 5. Pub. by the Bureau of Productive Industry, Government of Formosa, Taihoku, 358 pp.","Blume, C. (1828) Enumeratio plantarum Javae et insularum adjacentium Fasc 2. J. W. van Leeuwen, Lugduni Batavorum, 274 pp.","Moore, T. (1858) Index Filicum. W. Pamplin, London, 204 pp.","Knapp, R. (2011) Ferns and fern allies of Taiwan. Taipei: KBCC Press & Yuan-Liou Publishing.","Zhang, L. - B. & Barrington, D. S. (2013) Polystichum. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (eds.) Flora of China, vol. 2 - 3 (Lycopodiaceae- Polypodiaceae). Science Press and St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing, pp. 629 - 713.","Hsu, T. - C., Chen, C. - W., Knapp, R. & Hung, H. - C. (2019) Illustrated Flora of Taiwan vol. 8: Ferns & Lycophytes (I & II). Maotouying Chuban, Taiwan."]}

Polystichum subobliquum Tagawa (1935: 138). Figure 6. Type:— Taiwan Island: Taito (Taitung): between Kiriyama et Tippon-zan, about 2000 m, 4 Oct. 1934, M . Tagawa 1092 (KYO). Polystichum subobliquum is often treated as a synonym of P. obliquum (D. Don 1825: 3) T. Moore (1858: 87) (e.g., Knapp 2011, Zhang & Barrington 2013, Hsu et al. 2019). However, P. subobliquum (Knapp 3625, 4178, P!) has lower pinnae that are not reflexed and sori close to pinna margins, but P. obliquum has lower pinnae often reflexed and sori closer to the midrib. Therefore, here we reinstate this species. It is endemic to Taiwan. Our unpublished molecular data supports the separation of the two species., Published as part of Wan, Xia, Knapp, Ralf, Chen, De-Kui, He, Hai & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2023, Taxonomic notes on some East Asian pteridophytes, pp. 128-140 in Phytotaxa 597 (2) on page 132, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7929279, {"references":["Tagawa, M. (1935) Spicilegium Pteridographiae Asiae Orientalis 8. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 4: 132 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.18942 / bunruichiri. KJ 00001078841","Don, D. (1825) Prodromus Florae Nepalensis. J. Gale, Londini, 256 pp.","Moore, T. (1858) Index Filicum. W. Pamplin, London, 204 pp.","Knapp, R. (2011) Ferns and fern allies of Taiwan. Taipei: KBCC Press & Yuan-Liou Publishing.","Zhang, L. - B. & Barrington, D. S. (2013) Polystichum. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (eds.) Flora of China, vol. 2 - 3 (Lycopodiaceae- Polypodiaceae). Science Press and St. Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing, pp. 629 - 713.","Hsu, T. - C., Chen, C. - W., Knapp, R. & Hung, H. - C. (2019) Illustrated Flora of Taiwan vol. 8: Ferns & Lycophytes (I & II). Maotouying Chuban, Taiwan."]}