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Your search keyword '"De Fazio, L."' showing total 4 results
Start Over Author "De Fazio, L." Topic dysbiosis
4 results on '"De Fazio, L."'

1. Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Overview on In Vitro Models.

Author

De Fazio L, Beghetti I, Bertuccio SN, Marsico C, Martini S, Masetti R, Pession A, Corvaglia L, and Aceti A

Subjects
Animals, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing etiology, Humans, Disease Models, Animal, Dysbiosis complications, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing physiopathology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gut inflammatory disorder which constitutes one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for preterm infants. The pathophysiology of NEC is yet to be fully understood; several observational studies have led to the identification of multiple factors involved in the pathophysiology of the disease, including gut immaturity and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome. Given the complex interactions between microbiota, enterocytes, and immune cells, and the limited access to fetal human tissues for experimental studies, animal models have long been essential to describe NEC mechanisms. However, at present there is no animal model perfectly mimicking human NEC; furthermore, the disease mechanisms appear too complex to be studied in single-cell cultures. Thus, researchers have developed new approaches in which intestinal epithelial cells are exposed to a combination of environmental and microbial factors which can potentially trigger NEC. In addition, organoids have gained increasing attention as promising models for studying NEC development. Currently, several in vitro models have been proposed and have contributed to describe the disease in deeper detail. In this paper, we will provide an updated review of available in vitro models of NEC and an overview of current knowledge regarding its molecular underpinnings.

Published
2021
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2. Dietary geraniol ameliorates intestinal dysbiosis and relieves symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a pilot study.

Author

Rizzello F, Ricci C, Scandella M, Cavazza E, Giovanardi E, Valerii MC, Campieri M, Comparone A, De Fazio L, Candela M, Turroni S, and Spisni E

Subjects
Acyclic Monoterpenes, Adult, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria isolation & purification, Dietary Supplements analysis, Dysbiosis microbiology, Female, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Humans, Intestines drug effects, Intestines microbiology, Irritable Bowel Syndrome microbiology, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Dysbiosis drug therapy, Irritable Bowel Syndrome drug therapy, Terpenes administration & dosage
Abstract

Background: (Trans)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, commonly called geraniol (Ge-OH), is an acyclic monoterpene alcohol with well-known anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Ge-OH is a non-toxic compound classified as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Food Security Agency., Methods: Ge-OH was orally administered at a maximum daily dose of 8 mg kg (- 1) body weight for four weeks in a delayed release formulation capable of reaching the colon. Fecal microbiota and blood cytokines were analyzed before and after Ge-OH treatment, as well as IBS symptomatology by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-IBS)., Results: The results show that orally administered Ge-OH is a powerful modulator of the intestinal microbial ecosystem, capable of leading to increased relative abundances of Collinsella and especially Faecalibacterium, a well-known health-promoting butyrate producer consistently found to be decreased in IBS patients. Moreover, Ge-OH strongly improved the clinical symptoms of colitis by significantly reducing the score recorded by the VAS-IBS questionnaire. Clinical improvement was associated with a significant reduction in the circulating MIP-1β, a chemokine found to be increased in several IBS patients., Conclusion: Ge-OH could be a powerful component for food supplement targeted to the treatment of IBS patients., Trial Registration: ISRCTN47041881 , retrospectively registered on 19th July 2018.

Published
2018
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3. Dietary geraniol ameliorates intestinal dysbiosis and relieves symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients: a pilot study

Author

Michela Scandella, Elisabetta Giovanardi, Chiara Ricci, Fernando Rizzello, Silvia Turroni, Maria Chiara Valerii, Antonietta Comparone, Elena Cavazza, Enzo Spisni, Marco Candela, Massimo Campieri, Luigia De Fazio, and Rizzello F, Ricci C, Scandella M, Cavazza E, Giovanardi E, Valerii MC, Campieri M, Comparone A, De Fazio L, Candela M, Turroni S, Spisni E

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Geraniol, Visual analogue scale, Acyclic Monoterpenes, Pilot Projects, Butyrate, Gastroenterology, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Generally recognized as safe, medicine, Humans, Young adult, Colitis, Irritable bowel syndrome, Dysbiosis, Inflammation, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Microbiota, Bacteria, Dietary Supplements, Female, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intestines, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Terpenes, business.industry, lcsh:Other systems of medicine, General Medicine, lcsh:RZ201-999, medicine.disease, Antimicrobial, Dysbiosi, 030104 developmental biology, Complementary and alternative medicine, business, Research Article
Abstract

Background (Trans)-3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, commonly called geraniol (Ge-OH), is an acyclic monoterpene alcohol with well-known anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Ge-OH is a non-toxic compound classified as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Food Security Agency. Methods Ge-OH was orally administered at a maximum daily dose of 8 mg kg(− 1) body weight for four weeks in a delayed release formulation capable of reaching the colon. Fecal microbiota and blood cytokines were analyzed before and after Ge-OH treatment, as well as IBS symptomatology by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-IBS). Results The results show that orally administered Ge-OH is a powerful modulator of the intestinal microbial ecosystem, capable of leading to increased relative abundances of Collinsella and especially Faecalibacterium, a well-known health-promoting butyrate producer consistently found to be decreased in IBS patients. Moreover, Ge-OH strongly improved the clinical symptoms of colitis by significantly reducing the score recorded by the VAS-IBS questionnaire. Clinical improvement was associated with a significant reduction in the circulating MIP-1β, a chemokine found to be increased in several IBS patients. Conclusion Ge-OH could be a powerful component for food supplement targeted to the treatment of IBS patients. Trial registration ISRCTN47041881, retrospectively registered on 19th July 2018.

Published
2018

4. Longitudinal analysis of inflammation and microbiota dynamics in a model of mild chronic dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Author

Massimo Campieri, Chiara Ricci, Maria Chiara Valerii, Luigia De Fazio, Enzo Spisni, Manuela Centanni, Elena Cavazza, Antonio Strillacci, Marco Candela, Chiara Praticò, De Fazio L, Cavazza E, Spisni E, Strillacci A, Centanni M, Candela M, Praticò C, Campieri M, Ricci C, Valerii MC., DIPARTIMENTO DI FARMACIA E BIOTECNOLOGIE, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIOLOGICHE, GEOLOGICHE E AMBIENTALI, DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE MEDICHE E CHIRURGICHE, and Facolta' di MEDICINA e CHIRURGIA

Subjects
Male, Colon, Interleukin-1beta, Inflammation, Gut microbiota, Gut flora, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, digestive system, Microbiology, Mice, INFLAMMATION, medicine, Animals, Homeostasis, Longitudinal Studies, Colitis, Colitis, Dysbiosis, Cyclooxygenase 2, Dextran sulfate sodium, Dextran Sulfate Sodium, biology, Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Microbiota, Dextran Sulfate, Interleukin-17, Gastroenterology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, digestive system diseases, Interleukin-10, Mice, Inbred C57BL, stomatognathic diseases, Dextran sulfate, Immunology, Cytokines, RNA, Dysbiosis, Original Article, medicine.symptom
Abstract

none 10 no AIM: To characterize longitudinally the inflammation and the gut microbiota dynamics in a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. METHODS: In animal models, the most common method used to trigger colitis is based on the oral administration of the sulfated polysaccharides DSS. The murine DSS colitis model has been widely adopted to induce severe acute, chronic or semi-chronic colitis, and has been validated as an important model for the translation of mice data to human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it is now clear that models characterized by mild intestinal damage are more accurate for studying the effects of therapeutic agents. For this reason, we have developed a murine model of mild colitis to study longitudinally the inflammation and microbiota dynamics during the intestinal repair processes, and to obtain data suitable to support the recovery of gut microbiota-host homeostasis. RESULTS: All plasma cytokines evaluated, except IL-17, began to increase (P < 0.05), after 7 d of DSS administration. IL-17 only began to increase 4 d after DSS withdrawal. IL-1β and IL-17 continue to increase during the recovery phase, even when clinical signs of colitis had disappeared. IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ reached their maxima 4 d after DSS withdrawal and decreased during the late recovery phase. TNFα reached a peak (a three- fold increase, P < 0.05), after which it slightly decreased, only to increase again close to the end of the recovery phase. DSS administration induced profound and rapid changes in the mice gut microbiota. After 3 d of DSS administration, we observed a major reduction in Bacteroidetes/Prevotella and a corresponding increase in Bacillaceae, with respect to control mice. In particular, Bacteroidetes/Prevotella decreased from a relative abundance of 59.42%-33.05%, while Bacillaceae showed a concomitant increase from 2.77% to 10.52%. Gut microbiota rapidly shifted toward a healthy profile during the recovery phase and returned normal 4 d after DSS withdrawal. Cyclooxygenase 2 expression started to increase 4 d after DSS withdrawal (P < 0.05), when dysbiosis had recovered, and continued to increase during the recovery phase. Taken together, these data indicated that a chronic phase of intestinal inflammation, characterized by the absence of dysbiosis, could be obtained in mice using a single DSS cycle. CONCLUSION: Dysbiosis contributes to the local and systemic inflammation that occurs in the DSS model of colitis; however, chronic bowel inflammation is maintained even after recovery from dysbiosis. none De Fazio L; Cavazza E; Spisni E; Strillacci A; Centanni M; Candela M; Praticò C; Campieri M; Ricci C; Valerii MC. De Fazio L; Cavazza E; Spisni E; Strillacci A; Centanni M; Candela M; Praticò C; Campieri M; Ricci C; Valerii MC.

Published
2014

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