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This paper assesses the nexus between natural resource rent, hydropower energy consumption and ecological footprint for environmental sustainability incorporating with economic performance by using yearly data from 1970 to 2017. To this end, the long run steady-state relationship among investigated variables has been analyzed by using newly established Residual Least Squares (RALS) method and confirmed for Turkish economy. The directions and magnitudes of the effects of these variables on ecological footprint were tested by using Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) technique. The findings, except hydropower energy consumption, reveal statistically significant and positive effects of investigated variables on ecological footprint. Moreover, the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis was also affirmed between economic performance and ecological footprint. The causal relationship among these variables were also tested by using VECM Granger causality test The unidirectional Granger causality relationships were found that they are running from ecological footprint, and natural resource rent to economic performance, from natural resources to ecological footprint and from natural resource rent to economic performance in Turkish economy. Additionally, the bidirectional causal relationship has been detected among economic performance and ecological footprint in Turkey. The findings highlight the importance of investigated variables on ecological footprint in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has emerged as a crucial factor in reducing pollution and holds significant potential for facilitating the transition to a low-carbon economy. Nevertheless, the environmental impact of digitalization hinges on the strategies for collaboration with various economic actors and, as a result, their engagement with digitalization. In light of this, the present study seeks to examine the externality effect of digitalization on green innovation, renewable energy, and financial development in relation to environmental sustainability. The analysis employs the System Generalized Method of Moments (SYS-GMM) for 36 OECD countries over the period of 2000–2018. The empirical findings indicate that digitalization, green innovation, renewable energy, and financial development substantially promote environmental sustainability. Moreover, the interaction between digitalization, green innovation, renewable energy utilization, and financial development enhances the ecological footprint-mitigating effect of digitalization. In view of these results, merging digitalization and environmental policies may yield more robust outcomes and improved environmental quality compared to implementing a single policy in isolation. • Countries make commitments to achieve environmental sustainability, and digitalization holds great promise in this regard. • This study investigates the potential environmental impact of digitalization in collaborating with diverse factors. • Digitalization significantly contributes to environmental sustainability in OECD countries. • Digitalization and its interaction with other factors exhibit ecological footprint-mitigating effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]