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Start Over Author "Kraig Adler" Topic ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics
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2. Zdeněk V. Špinar – The professional life of a world-renowned Czech paleoherpetologist

Author

Kraig Adler and Zbyněk Roček

Subjects
Czech, Stratigraphy, Professional life, Political science, Economic history, language, Paleontology, Geology, Biodiversity, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, language.human_language, Taxonomy
Abstract

Roček, Zbyněk, Adler, Kraig (2016): Zdeněk V. Špinar - The Professional Life Of A World-Renowned Czech Paleoherpetologist. Fossil Imprint 72 (1-2): 5-8, DOI: 10.14446/FI.2016.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.14446/fi.2016.5

Published
2016
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3. Identity of Three New Sea Turtles Named by J. Friedrich Eschscholtz

Author

Kraig Adler, Thomas G. Eimermacher, and Oscar Flores-Villela

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Sea turtle, Taxon, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Zoology, Ethnology, Animal Science and Zoology, Lepidochelys olivacea, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz published two herpetological titles, the first in a journal named Quatember. Until now, this paper, which contains descriptions of three sea turtle taxa, including Chelonia olivacea, has been overlooked, and the nomenclatural implications have been ignored. The Quatember paper preceded, and has precedence over, Eschscholtz's better known Zoologischer Atlas, and therefore is the earliest description of C. olivacea. However, Plate III of the Atlas remains the earliest illustration for what is today called Lepidochelys olivacea.

Published
2016
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4. TheJournal of HerpetologyAfter 50 Years Plus: A Brief History (1958–2016)1

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Scope (project management), Ecology (disciplines), 010607 zoology, Library science, Animal Science and Zoology, Herpetology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Amateur, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

The Journal of Herpetology (JH), which reached its 50th volume in 2016, had an unusual start. Its predecessor publication was founded in 1958 by high school students as the Journal of The Ohio Herpetological Society (JOHS), which was sponsored by an amateur organization. The scope of the journal as well as that of the society soon became broader than Ohio or even North America. In 1967 OHS transformed into the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles (SSAR), which today is the largest professional herpetological society in the world. The journal was re-named Journal of Herpetology in 1968 and the volumes numbered again from 1. The journal, like SSAR, grew rapidly in size and professionalism. In 2009, JH was selected as one of the “100 most influential journals in biology and medicine worldwide over the last 100 years.” Originally, taxonomy–systematics (37%), ecology (20%), behavior (16%), physiology (8%), and genetics (4%) predominated as topics in JH; today, ecology (28%), conservation (...

Published
2016
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5. Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

Author

Fenton P.D. Cotterill, Fernanda P. Werneck, Stephen W. Chordas, Enrique González-Soriano, Pierangelo Luporini, Santiago Claramunt, Santosh Kumar, Adriano B. Kury, Marcelo José Sturaro, Atsushi Tominaga, Marcos Gonçalves Lhano, Giulio Cuccodoro, Bernardo F. Santos, Alejandro Oceguera-Figueroa, Klaus Henle, Giovanni B. Delmastro, Thibaut Delsinne, Jeremy A. Miller, Thomas Ziegler, Ishan Agarwal, Rodrigo M. Feitosa, Robert C. Glotzhober, Giuliano Doria, Adeline Soulier-Perkins, Diego Baldo, Valéria da Cunha Tavares, Danilo Pacheco Cordeiro, Eli Greenbaum, Carlos Alberto Santos de Lucena, Stuart V. Nielsen, Jörn Köhler, Fernando Pacheco Rodrigues, Justin C. Bagley, Shun Ichiro Naomi, Gustavo Hormiga, Geoffrey Odhiambo Ong'ondo, Aurélien Miralles, Alexandre Uarth Christoff, Florian M. Steiner, Matthias Glaubrecht, Victor Van Cakenberghe, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Jack W. Sites, Norma J. Salcedo, Mario Alberto Cozzuol, Ward C. Wheeler, Krister T. Smith, Brian Tilston Smith, Ignacio Jose De La Riva De La Viña, Leo J. Borkin, Ângelo Parise Pinto, Marivene R. Manuel-Santos, Ana Carolina Pavan, M. J. Alves, Dan Cogălniceanu, Luciana F. Santoferrara, James M. Carpenter, Thierry Deuve De Resbecq, Beat Schätti, Jean Pierre Vacher, John G. Day, Ray C. Schmidt, Otto M. P. Oliveira, Lázaro Guevara, Jean-Lou Justine, Karthikeyan Vasudevan, Donat Agosti, Cécile Mourer-Chauviré, Brett C. Ratcliffe, Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner, Sebastian Kvist, Nathan K. Lujan, Robert Alexander Pyron, Rosana M. Rocha, Roberto Poggi, José A. Langone, Larry Lee Grismer, Václav Gvoždík, Natsuhiko Yoshikawa, Thaís P. Miranda, Elizabeth Prendini, Abel Pérez-González, Katharina C. Wollenberg Valero, Jean-Yves Rasplus, Cristiano R. Moreira, Antonietta La Terza, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de Godoi, Michael W. Holmes, Thomas E. Lacher, Ronald H. Pine, Matthew P. Heinicke, Steven M. Goodman, John D. Lynch, Elöd Kondorosy, Anderson Feijó, Orfeo Picariello, Wolfgang Denzer, Stefano Valdesalici, Aléssio Datovo, Jean Pierre Hugot, Yuri L. R. Leite, Heinz Grillitsch, Hernán Ortega, Dimitri Forero, Jean Carlos Santos, Marie Claude Durette-Desset, Victor H. Gonzalez, Mrugank Prabhu, Walter E. Schargel, Beate Röll, Caleb D. McMahan, Mitsuru Kuramoto, Edson A. Adriano, Jérôme Constant, Richard Laval, María A. Mendoza-Becerril, Cédric d'Udekem d'Acoz, Alain Didier Missoup, Frank Tillack, Janet K. Braun, Lindsey Swierk, André L. Netto-Ferreira, Xiaofeng Lin, Karl Heinz Jungfer, Fabio Di Dario, Vanessa Kruth Verdade, Pavel Štys, Franco Andreone, Andrés A. Ojanguren-Affilastro, Manuel Ruedi, Didier Van den Spiegel, Rahul Khot, Lars Krogmann, Lance Grande, Robert C. Drewes, Luis M. P. Ceríaco, Jeffrey W. Streicher, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Josiah H. Townsend, Wolfgang Arthofer, Wiesław Bogdanowicz, Marcos A. Raposo, Omar Torres-Carvajal, Dirk Ahrens, Theo Blick, Carlos DoNascimiento, Eric Drouet, Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García, Gervásio Silva Carvalho, Zachary H. Falin, Gaetano Odierna, Michael Maia Mincarone, Sabine Agatha, Christian De Muizon, Célio F. B. Haddad, Pablo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Maarten P.M. Vanhove, Ronald Janssen, Ulrich Burkhardt, Bernard Landry, Paúl M. Velazco, Melanie L. J. Stiassny, Erna Aescht, Sarah Siqueira Oliveira, Koshiro Eto, Thomas van de Kamp, Fabio Cianferoni, Leonardo Ferreira Machado, Luiz Carlos Pinho, Dennis Rödder, Fábio Raposo do Amaral, Shan Gao, Paulo Passos, Nikolai L. Orlov, Emanuel Tschopp, Bert Van Bocxlaer, Roman Hołyński, Isabella Van De Velde, Indraneil Das, Luciano Damián Patitucci, Daniel J. Bennett, Annemarie Ohler, Rachunliu G. Kamei, Patrick Grootaert, Tony Robillard, Jun Gong, Massimo Delfino, Antonio C. Marques, Daizy Bharti, Ira Richling, José L. O. Birindelli, Thiago Borges Fernandes Semedo, Philippe Grandcolas, Eric J. Sargis, Andreas Taeger, Jesús Molinari, Link E. Olson, Christoph Kucharzewski, Luc Janssens de Bisthoven, José P. Pombal, Ryan C. McKellar, Serge Gofas, Mário C. C. de Pinna, Kristofer M. Helgen, Pablo Quintela-Alonso, Marcos Tavares, Wolfgang A. Nässig, Jodi J. L. Rowley, Jairo Arroyave, Fabio Maria Guarino, Djoko T. Iskandar, Martin Fikáček, Joel Cracraft, Robert M. Timm, Lassad Neifar, Marcelo C. Andrade, Moisés Escalona, Max Kieckbusch, George R. Zug, J. V. Remsen, Weibo Song, Paula Beatriz Araujo, Marco Brandalise de Andrade, Luiz Alexandre Campos, Eva V. Bärmann, Thomas Lehmann, Thorsten Stoeck, Jorge Salazar-Bravo, Charles Morphy D. Santos, Joël Minet, Mann Kyoon Shin, Gustavo A. Bravo, Felipe Franco Curcio, Antoine Pariselle, Hidetoshi Ota, David R. Luz, Abdulaziz S. Alqarni, Joseph A. Cook, Cameron D. Siler, Zilda Margarete Seixas de Lucena, Guarino R. Colli, Máriom A. Carvajal, Franziska Bauer, Yves Samyn, Luke Tornabene, Stefan Merker, Favízia Freitas de Oliveira, Murilo N. L. Pastana, Luís Fábio Silveira, Moira Jane FitzPatrick, Stephen D. Busack, Max R. Lambert, Julián Faivovich, Masafumi Matsui, Bernhard A. Huber, Alexandre Aleixo, Mariana P. Marques, Jean-François Trape, Marcello Guimarães Simões, Brian L. Fisher, Brandi S. Coyner, Michael F. Bates, Marcelo Salles Rocha, Silke Schweiger, Jean Raffaëlli, Vladimir Dinets, Paulo C. A. Garcia, Devanshu Gupta, Juan M. Guayasamin, W. Brian Simison, Rudy Jocqué, Aniruddha Datta-Roy, Marcelo R. Britto, Cristiane Bastos-Silveira, Celso O. Azevedo, Roger Bour, Aidin Niamir, Leandro M. Vieira, Mark Epstein, Neal Woodman, Marcelo R. de Carvalho, José Antonio González-Orej, Martin Kruger, Ulisses Caramaschi, Marcus Guidoti, Cibele Biondo, Scott Lyell Gardner, François Dusoulier, Francisco Langeani, John E. Lattke, Helen M. Barber-James, Jan Zima, Guilherme R. R. Brito, Ricardo Moratelli, Stylianos Chatzimanolis, Carlos José Einicker Lamas, John B. Iverson, Maria Hołyńska, Aaron M. Bauer, Luc Brendonck, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Angelica Crottini, Cristian Hernan Fulvio Perez, Tiago Georg Pikart, Eliécer E. Gutiérrez, Luis García-Prieto, Lawrence R. Heaney, Thomas A. Munroe, Thomas C. Giarla, Laurie J. Vitt, Enrico Borgo, Antonio J. C. Aguiar, Sven O. Kullander, Jean Sébastien Steyer, Marcial Quiroga-Carmona, Matthew J. Miller, Kraig Adler, Werner Conradie, Enrique La Marca, Thomas Schmitt, Dieter Uhl, Mario de Vivo, Rainer Hutterer, Silvio Shigueo Nihei, Perry L. Wood, Amira Chaabane, Tim Tokaryk, Octávio Mateus, Andrés Sebastián Quinteros, Daniel S. Fernandes, Alexandra Cartaxana, Pedro F. Victoriano, Ernest C.J. Seamark, William R. Branch, Mark-Oliver Rödel, Diego Astúa, Marcio R. Pie, Julien Pétillon, Henrard Arnaud, Hossein Rajaei, Sushil K. Dutta, Hussam Zaher, Hernández Díaz Yoalli Quetzalli, Martin Carr, Renan Carrenho, Estefanía Rodríguez, Robert Trusch, Patrick David, Rafaela Lopes Falaschi, Rafael O. de Sá, Miguel Ângelo Marini, Varad B. Giri, Jean-Claude Rage, Guilherme S. T. Garbino, Björn Berning, Thierry Frétey, Vítor de Q. Piacentini, Paulo A. Buckup, David C. Lees, Alfred L. Gardner, Marco Pavia, Pablo Ricardo Mulieri, Lorenzo Prendini, Eliana M. Cancello, Cinthia Chagas, Bruce B. Collette, Leigh R. Richards, Eduardo I. Faúndez, Timothy J. Colston, Thomas Keith Philips, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues, Renato Gregorin, Karin Meißner, Nathan S. Upham, A. Townsend Peterson, Tiago Kütter Krolow, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo Moreira, Olivier Montreuil, Leandro M. Sousa, Thomas Weisse, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Donald C. Taphorn, Renata Stopiglia, Marcelo Duarte, Benoit Guénard, Cyril Gallut, Giovanni Boano, David Modrý, Erik Verheyen, Jonas José Mendes Aguiar, Sven Mecke, Alexandre Hassanin, Robert M. Zink, Marcello Mezzasalma, André Silva Roza, Reginaldo Constantino, Alice Hirschmann, Ulisses Pinheiro, Edmundo González-Santillán, Carlos A. Mendoza-Palmero, Tom Artois, Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic, Kailas Chandra, Pablo Teta, Michael Karner, Esteban O. Lavilla, Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Alexandra Marçal Correia, Deepak Veerappan, Daniela M. Takiya, Bolívar R. Garcete-Barrett, Alexander Kupfer, Sérgio N. Stampar, Daniel Burckhardt, Michael S. Engel, Teresa Kearney, Silvia E. Pavan, Luiz Roberto Malabarba, Mark D. Scherz, Pedro L. V. Peloso, Christiane Denys, Matthias F. Geiger, Alexander Pelzer, Jose G. Tello, Fabio S. Nascimento, Juan D. Daza, Franger J. García, Cinthia A. Brasileiro, Martín J. Ramírez, Marcos Pérsio Dantas Santos, Twan A. A. M. Leenders, Alain Canard, Tomáš Mazuch, Axel Hausmann, Flávio Alicino Bockmann, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Jasmine Purushothaman, Ara Monadjem, David A. Donoso, Kaushik Deuti, Stephen Mahony, Duke S. Rogers, Don E. Wilson, Julian C. Kerbis Peterhans, Jader Marinho-Filho, Alain Dubois, Marcio Luiz de Oliveira, Jan Decher, John M. Midgley, Fernando C. Jerep, Bastian Bentlage, Ivan Löbl, Gregory J. Watkins-Colwell, Uwe Fritz, Annamaria Nistri, Lúcia H. Rapp Py-Daniel, Bruce D. Patterson, Peter J. Taylor, Burton K. Lim, James L. Patton, Colin S. Schoeman, Stéphane Grosjean, Ismael Franz, Cristian Simón Abdala, John S. Sparks, Marcos R. Bornschein, Leonora Pires Costa, Martín O. Pereyra, João Filipe Riva Tonini, Richard Schodde, Blanca Pérez-Luz, Cristiano Feldens Schwertner, Peter Jäger, Marcin Jan Kamiński, Philipp Wagner, Jakob Hallermann, Hendrik Freitag, Olavi Kurina, Laure Desutter-Grandcolas, Romain Garrouste, Pedro De Podestà Uchôa de Aquino, Guillermo D’Elía, Sharlene E. Santana, Roberto E. Reis, Wouter Dekoninck, Sushma Reddy, Alfred L. Rosenberger, James R. McCranie, Wolfgang Böhme, Ricardo C. Benine, Cyrille D'Haese, Paulo H. F. Lucinda, Jacques H. C. Delabie, Carr, Martin, Department of Biology, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Museu Nacional de Historia Natural e da Ciencia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), National Museum of Natural History, National Museum of Natural History - Leiden, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Universités, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), King Saud University, Cornell University, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Austrian Museum, Villanova University, Universität Salzburg, Plazi, University of São Paulo, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institute of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Hasselt University, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Albany Museum, National Museum, Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Stephen F. Austin State University, Smithsonian Institution, Tyrolean State Museum, Università di Camerino, Universidade Federal do ABC, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Senckenberg Research Institute, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Port Elizabeth Museum, Sam Noble Museum, Harvard University [Cambridge], North West University, Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Bâle, Senckenberg Museum [Frankfurt], North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Museu de Zoologia (MZ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), American Museum of Natural History, University of Huddersfield, North Dakota State University (NDSU), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Departamento de Polícia Técnico Científica (DPTC), Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University (LSU), Zoological Survey of India, University of Tennessee System, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Museu de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Museo di Storia Naturale, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Ovidius University of Constanta, The University of Mississippi [Oxford], Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), University of Stellenbosh, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Centro de Investigaçao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Sorbonne Université (SU), King Saud University [Riyadh] (KSU), Cornell University [New York], Villanova University [USA], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), the Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow, Russia] (RAS), Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Technical University of Berlin / Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Hasselt University (UHasselt), Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM), Harvard University, North-West University [Potchefstroom] (NWU), Université de Rennes (UR), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Stellenbosch University, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle [Genève] (MHN), Ceríaco, Luis M. P., Gutiérrez, Eliécer E., Dubois, Alain, Abdala, Cristian Simón, Alqarni, Abdulaziz S., Adler, Kraig, Adriano, Edson A., Aescht, Erna, Agarwal, Ishan, Agatha, Sabine, Agosti, Donat, Aguiar, Antonio J. C., Aguiar, Jonas José Mende, Ahrens, Dirk, Aleixo, Alexandre, Alves, Maria Judite, Do Amaral, Fabio Raposo, Ananjeva, Natalia, Andrade, Marcelo C., De Andrade, Marco Brandalise, Andreone, Franco, Aquino, Pedro P. U., Araujo, Paula Beatriz, Arnaud, Henrard, Arroyave, Jairo, Arthofer, Wolfgang, Artois, Tom J., Astúa, Diego, Azevedo, Celso, Bagley, Justin C., Baldo, Diego, Barber James, Helen Margaret, Bärmann, Eva V., Bastos Silveira, Cristiane, Bates, Michael F., Bauer, Aaron M., Bauer, Franziska, Benine, Ricardo C., Bennett, Daniel J., Bentlage, Bastian, Berning, Björn, Bharti, Daizy, Biondo, Cibele, Birindelli, José, Blick, Theo, Boano, Giovanni, Bockmann, Flávio A., Bogdanowicz, Wieslaw, Böhme, Wolfgang, Borgo, Enrico, Borkin, Leo, Bornschein, Marcos Ricardo, Bour, Roger, Branch, William R., Brasileiro, Cinthia A., Braun, Janet K., Bravo, Gustavo A., Brendonck, Luc, Brito, Guilherme R. R., Britto, Marcelo R., Buckup, Paulo A., Burckhardt, Daniel, Burkhardt, Ulrich, Busack, Stephen D., Campos, Luiz A., Canard, Alain, Cancello, Eliana M., Caramaschi, Ulisse, Carpenter, James M., Carrenho, Renan, Cartaxana, Alexandra, Carvajal, Mariom A., Carvalho, Gervásio Silva, De Carvalho, Marcelo Rodrigue, Chaabane, Amira, Chagas, Cinthia, Chakrabarty, Prosanta, Chandra, Kaila, Chatzimanolis, Styliano, Chordas, Stephen W., Christoff, Alexandre U., Cianferoni, Fabio, Claramunt, Santiago, Cogãlniceanu, Dan, Collette, Bruce B., Colli, Guarino R., Colston, Timothy J., Conradie, Werner, Constant, Jérôme, Constantino, Reginaldo, Cook, Joseph A., Cordeiro, Danilo, Correia, Alexandra Marçal, Cotterill, Fenton P. D., Coyner, Brandi, Cozzuol, Mario A., Cracraft, Joel, Crottini, Angelica, Cuccodoro, Giulio, Curcio, Felipe Franco, D'Udekem D'Acoz, Cédric, D'Elía, Guillermo, D'Haese, Cyrille, Das, Indraneil, Datovo, Aléssio, Datta Roy, Aniruddha, David, Patrick, Day, John G., Daza, Juan D., De Bisthoven, Luc Janssen, De La Riva De La Viña, Ignacio Jose, De Muizon, Christian, De Pinna, Mario, Piacentini, Vítor De Q., De Sá, Rafael O., De Vivo, Mario, Decher, Jan, Dekoninck, Wouter, Delabie, Jacques H. C., Delfino, Massimo, Delmastro, Giovanni B., Delsinne, Thibaut, Denys, Christiane, Denzer, Wolfgang, Desutter Grandcolas, Laure, Deuti, Kaushik, De Resbecq, Thierry Deuve, Di Dario, Fabio, Dinets, Vladimir, Donascimiento, Carlo, Donoso, David A., Doria, Giuliano, Drewes, Robert C., Drouet, Eric, Duarte, Marcelo, Durette Desset, Marie Claude, Dusoulier, Françoi, Dutta, Sushil Kumar, Engel, Michael S., Epstein, Mark, Escalona, Moisé, Esselstyn, Jacob A., Eto, Koshiro, Faivovich, Julián, Falaschi, Rafaela Lope, Falin, Zachary H., Faundez, Eduardo I., Feijó, Anderson, Feitosa, Rodrigo M., Fernandes, Daniel Silva, Fikáček, Martin, Fisher, Brian L., Fitzpatrick, Moira J., Forero, Dimitri, Franz, Ismael, Freitag, Hendrik, Frétey, Thierry, Fritz, Uwe, Gallut, Cyril, Gao, Shan, Garbino, Guilherme S. T., Garcete Barrett, Bolívar R., García Prieto, Lui, García, Franger J., Garcia, Paulo C. A., Gardner, Alfred L., Gardner, Scott Lyell, Garrouste, Romain, Geiger, Matthias F., Giarla, Thomas C., Giri, Varad, Glaubrecht, Matthia, Glotzhober, Robert C., Godoi, Fabio S. P., Gofas, Serge, Gonçalves, Pablo R., Gong, Jun, Gonzalez, Victor H., González Orej, José Antonio, González Santillán, Edmundo, González Soriano, Enrique, Goodman, Steven M., Grandcolas, Philippe, Grande, Lance, Greenbaum, Eli, Gregorin, Renato, Grillitsch, Heinz, Grismer, Larry Lee, Grootaert, Patrick, Grosjean, Stéphane, Guarino, FABIO MARIA, Guayasamin, Juan M., Guénard, Benoit, Guevara, Lázaro, Guidoti, Marcu, Gupta, Devanshu, Gvoždík, Václav, Haddad, Célio F. B., Hallermann, Jakob, Hassanin, Alexandre, Hausmann, Axel, Heaney, Lawrence R., Heinicke, Matthew P., Helgen, Kristofer M., Henle, Klau, Hirschmann, Alice, Holmes, Michael W., Hołyńska, Maria, Hołyński, Roman, Hormiga, Gustavo, Huber, Bernhard A., Hugot, Jean Pierre, Hutterer, Rainer, Iskandar, Djoko, Iverson, John B., Jäger, Peter, Janssen, Ronald, Jerep, Fernando, Jocqué, Rudy, Jungfer, Karl Heinz, Justine, Jean Lou, Kamei, Rachunliu G., Kamiński, Marcin Jan, Karner, Michael, Kearney, Teresa, Khot, Rahul, Kieckbusch, Max, Köhler, Jörn, Koepfli, Klaus Peter, Kondorosy, Elöd, Krogmann, Lar, Krolow, Tiago Kütter, Krüger, Martin, Kucharzewski, Christoph, Kullander, Sven O., Kumar, Santosh, Kupfer, Alexander, Kuramoto, Mitsuru, Kurina, Olavi, Kury, Adriano, Kvist, Sebastian, La Marca, Enrique, La Terza, Antonietta, Laval, Richard, Lacher, Thomas E., Lamas, Carlos J. E., Lambert, Max R., Landry, Bernard, Langeani, Francisco, Langone, José A., Lattke, John E., Lavilla, Esteban O., Leenders, Twan, Lees, David C., Leite, Yuri L. R., Lehmann, Thoma, Lhano, Marcos Gonçalve, Lim, Burton K., Lin, Xiaofeng, Löbl, Ivan, De Lucena, Carlos A. S., De Lucena, Zilda Margarete S., Lucinda, Paulo, Lujan, Nathan K., Luporini, Pierangelo, Luz, David R., Lynch, John D., Machado, Leonardo Ferreira, Mahony, Stephen, Malabarba, Luiz R., Manuel Santos, Marivene, Marinho Filho, Jader, Marini, Miguel Â., Marques, Antonio Carlo, Marques, Mariana P., Mateus, Octávio, Matsui, Masafumi, Mazuch, Tomáš, Mccranie, Jame, Mckellar, Ryan C., Mcmahan, Caleb D., Mecke, Sven, Meißner, Karin, Mendoza Becerril, María A., Mendoza Palmero, Carlos A., Merker, Stefan, Mezzasalma, Marcello, Midgley, John Mark, Miller, Jeremy, Miller, Matthew J., Mincarone, Michael Maia, Minet, Joël, Miralles, Aurélien, Miranda, Thaís P., Missoup, Alain Didier, Modrý, David, Molinari, Jesú, Monadjem, Ara, Montreuil, Olivier, Moratelli, Ricardo, Moreira, Cristiano Rangel, Moreira, Felipe F. F., Mourer Chauviré, Cécile, Mulieri, Pablo Ricardo, Munroe, Thomas A., Naomi, Shun Ichiro, Nascimento, Fabio, Nässig, Wolfgang A., Neifar, Lassad, Netto Ferreira, Andre L., Niamir, Aidin, Nielsen, Stuart V., Nihei, Silvio S., Nistri, Annamaria, Oceguera Figueroa, Alejandro, Odierna, Gaetano, Ohler, Annemarie, Ojanguren Affilastro, Andres A., De Oliveira, Favízia Freita, De Oliveira, Marcio Luiz, De Oliveira, Otto Müller Patrão, Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, Olson, Link E., Ong'Ondo, Geoffrey O., Orlov, Nikolai, Ornelas García, Claudia Patricia, Ortega, Hernan, Ortega Andrade, Mauricio, Ota, Hidetoshi, Pariselle, Antoine, Passos, Paulo, Pastana, Murilo N. L., Patterson, Bruce D., Patitucci, Luciano D., Patton, James L., Pavan, Ana C., Pavan, Silvia E., Pavia, Marco, Peloso, Pedro L. V., Pelzer, Alexander, Pereyra, Martín O., Perez Gonzalez, Abel, Pérez Luz, Blanca, Pérez, Cristian Hernan Fulvio, Peterhans, Julian Kerbi, Peterson, A. Townsend, Pétillon, Julien, Philips, Thomas Keith, Picariello, ORFEO LUCIO ANTONIO, Pie, Marcio R., Pikart, Tiago G., Pine, Ronald H., Pinheiro, Ulisse, Pinho, Luiz Carlo, Pinto, Ângelo P., Costa, Leonora Pire, Poggi, Roberto, Pombal, José P., Prabhu, Mrugank, Prendini, Elizabeth, Prendini, Lorenzo, Purushothaman, Jasmine, Pyron, Robert Alexander, Quintela Alonso, Pablo, Quinteros, Andres Sebastian, Quiroga Carmona, Marcial, Rabitsch, Wolfgang, Raffaëlli, Jean, Rage, Jean Claude, Rajaei, Hossein, Ramírez, Martín J., Raposo, Marcos A., Py Daniel, Lucia H. Rapp, Rasplus, Jean Yve, Ratcliffe, Brett C., Reddy, Sushma, Reis, Roberto E., Remsen, James V., Richards, Leigh R., Richling, Ira, Robillard, Tony, Rocha, Marcelo Salle, Rocha, Rosana Moreira, Rödder, Denni, Rödel, Mark Oliver, Rodrigues, Fernando P., Rodriguez, Estefania, Rogers, Duke S., Rojas Runjaic, Fernando J. M., Röll, Beate, Rosenberger, Alfred L., Rowley, Jodi, Roza, André Silva, Ruedi, Manuel, Salazar Bravo, Jorge, Salcedo, Norma J., Samyn, Yve, Santana, Sharlene E., Santoferrara, Luciana, Santos, Bernardo F., Santos, Charles Morphy D., Santos, Jean Carlo, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Danta, Sargis, Eric J., Schargel, Walter E., Schätti, Beat, Scherz, Mark D., Schlick Steiner, Birgit C., Schmidt, Ray C., Schmitt, Thoma, Schodde, Richard, Schoeman, Colin S., Schweiger, Silke, Schwertner, Cristiano F., Seamark, Ernest C. J., Semedo, Thiago B. F., Shin, Mann Kyoon, Siler, Cameron D., Silveira, Luís Fábio, Simison, W. Brian, Simões, Marcello, Sites, Jack W., Smith, Brian Tilston, Smith, Krister T., Song, Weibo, Soulier Perkins, Adeline, Sousa, Leandro M., Sparks, John S., Stampar, Sérgio N., Steiner, Florian M., Steyer, Jean Sébastien, Stiassny, Melanie L. J., Stoeck, Thorsten, Stopiglia, Renata, Streicher, Jeffrey W., Sturaro, Marcelo J., Stys, Pavel, Swierk, Lindsey, Taeger, Andrea, Takiya, Daniela M., Taphorn, Donald C., Tavares, Marco, Tavares, Valeria Da C., Taylor, Peter John, Tello, Jose G., Teta, Pablo, Tillack, Frank, Timm, Robert M., Tokaryk, Tim, Tominaga, Atsushi, Tonini, João Filipe Riva, Tornabene, Luke, Torres Carvajal, Omar, Townsend, Josiah, Trape, Jean Françoi, Rodrigues, Miguel Trefaut, Trusch, Robert, Tschopp, Emanuel, Uhl, Dieter, Upham, Nathan S., Vacher, Jean Pierre, Valdesalici, Stefano, Van Bocxlaer, Bert, Van Cakenberghe, Victor, Van De Kamp, Thoma, Van De Velde, Isabella, Van Den Spiegel, Didier, Vanhove, Maarten P. M., Vasudevan, Karthikeyan, Veerappan, Deepak, Velazco, Paúl M., Verdade, Vanessa K., Verheyen, Erik, Vieira, Leandro M., Victoriano, Pedro F., Vitt, Laurie J., Wagner, Philipp, Watkins Colwell, Gregory J., Weisse, Thoma, Werneck, Fernanda P., Wheeler, Ward C., Wilson, Don E., Valero, Katharina C. Wollenberg, Wood, Perry Lee, Woodman, Neal, Quetzalli, Hernández Díaz Yoalli, Yoshikawa, Natsuhiko, Zaher, Hussam, Ziegler, Thoma, Zima, Jan, Zink, Robert M., Zug, George, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Università degli Studi di Camerino (UNICAM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidade de Brasília, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité ( ISYEB ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes ( EPHE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Villanova University [Philadelphie], University of Salzburg, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Universidade Federal do Pará, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul ( PUCRS ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul ( UFRGS ), Royal Museum for Central Africa, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México ( UNAM ), Technical University of Berlin, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco ( UFPE ), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo ( UFES ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie] ), Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho ( UNESP ), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), Senckenberg Museum, Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ), Museu de Zoologia ( MZ ), Universidade de São Paulo ( USP ), North Dakota State University ( NDSU ), Departamento de Polícia Técnico Científica ( DPTC ), Louisiana State University ( LSU ), University of Tennessee, Ohio State University [Columbus] ( OSU ), Universidade Luterana do Brasil ( ULBRA ), University of Mississippi, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences ( RBINS ), University of New Mexico, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain, Ceríaco, Luis M., Gutiérrez, Eliécer, Dubois, Alan Alqarni, Abdulaziz, Buckup, Paulo, Simón Abdala, Cristian, Algarni, abdulaziz, A. Adriano, Edson, Erna, Aescht, Villanova Univ, Museu Nacl Hist Nat & Ciencia, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Smithsonian Inst, Sorbonne Univ, Univ Nacl Tucuman, King Saud Univ, Cornell Univ, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Upper Austrian Museum, Univ Salzburg, Zool Forsch Museum A Koenig, Russian Acad Sci, Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Museo Reg Sci Nat, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Royal Museum Cent Africa, Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Univ Innsbruck, Hasselt Univ, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Univ Nacl Misiones, Natl Museum, Senckenberg Nat Hist Sammlungen, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Landesmuseum, Univ Camerino, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Senckenberg Res Inst, Museo Civ Storia Nat, Polskiej Akad Nauk, Harvard Univ, North West Univ, Museu Nacl, Nat Hist Museum, Senckenberg Nat Kundemuseum, North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Univ Rennes 1, Amer Museum Nat Hist, Univ Huddersfield, North Dakota State Univ, Fac Sci Sfax, DPTC PC, Louisiana State Univ, Zool Survey India, Univ Tennessee, Ohio State Univ, Univ Luterana Brasil, Univ Firenze, Univ Ovidius Constanta, Univ Mississippi, Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, Univ New Mexico, Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Univ Stellenbosch, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), CIBIO Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Museum Hist Nat, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Univ Austral Chile, Univ Malaysia, Indian Inst Sci, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Sam Houston State Univ, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Drexel Univ, Univ Richmond, Ctr Pesquisas Cacau, Univ Torino, Soc Hist Nat Alcide dOrbigny, Wolfden Sci Consulting, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Inst Humboldt, Escuela Politec Nacl, Calif Acad Sci, Museum Dept Hist Nat Var, Nat Environm & Wildlife Soc, Univ Kansas, Kyoto Univ, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Univ Fed Paraiba, Univ Fed Parana, Nat Hist Museum Narodini Museum, Nat Hist Museum Zimbabwe, Ateneo Manila Univ, Pontificia Univ Javeriana, RACINE, Univ Paris 06, Ocean Univ China, Museo Nacl Hist Nat Paraguay, Univ Carabobo, Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Univ Nebraska, CENAK Ctr Nat Kunde, Ohio Hist Connect, Univ Fed Amazonas, Univ Malaga, Chinese Acad Sci, Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Natl Polytech Inst, Field Museum Nat Hist, Univ Texas El Paso, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), La Sierra Univ, Univ San Francisco Quito, Univ Hong Kong, CUNY, CAS, Zool Staatssammlung Munchen, Univ Michigan, Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Santa Rosa Jr Coll, George Washington Univ, Inst Teknol Bandung, Earlham Coll, Senckenberg Forschungsinst & Nat Museum, Univ Koblenz Landau, Ditsong Natl Museum Nat Hist, Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Philipps Univ Marburg, Hess Landesmuseum, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Univ Pannonia, Staatliches Museum Nat Kunde, UFT, Museum Nat Kunde, Nat Hist Riksmuseet, Hikarigaoka, Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Univ Los Andes, Bat Jungle, Texas A&M Univ, Yale Univ, Museo Nacl Hist Nat, Roger Tory Peterson Inst Nat Hist, Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, South China Normal Univ, Museu Ciencias Tecnol PUCRS, Univ Fed Tocantins, Univ Toronto, Univ Nacl Colombia, Natl Museum Philippines, NOVA Univ Lisbon, Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Deutsch Zentrum Marine Biodiversitatsforsch, Ctr Invest Biol Noroeste, Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Univ Douala, Vet & Farmaceut Univ Brno, Univ Swaziland, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Univ Claude Bernard, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Nat Hist Museum & Inst, Senckenberg Biodiversitat & Klima Forschunsgzentr, Marquette Univ, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Fed Univ ABC, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Univ Alaska Museum, Egerton Univ, Museo Hist Nat, IKIAM Univ Reg Amazon, Univ Hyogo, Inst Rech Dev, Niedersachs Landesbetrieb Wasserwirtschaft Kusten, Univ Complutense Madrid, Roosevelt Univ, Western Kentucky Univ, Univ Naples Federico II, Univ Fed Acre, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Inst Bio & Geociencias Noroeste Argentino, Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Umweltbundesamt, Penclen, CNRS MNHN UPMC, Staatl Museum Nat Kunde, Ctr Biol Gest Populat INRA, Loyola Univ Chicago, Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio do Sul, Durban Museum Nat Sci, Univ Estado Amazonas, Brigham Young Univ, Museo Hist Nat La Salle, Univ Vet Med Hannover, Australian Museum, Texas Tech Univ, Francis Marion Univ, Univ Washington, Univ Connecticut, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Fed Univ Para, Yale Peabody Museum, Univ Texas Arlington, Senckenberg Deutsch Entomol Inst, CSIRO, Univ Venda, Univ Ulsan, Senckenberg Forsch Inst & Nat Museum, Univ Fed Para, UPMC, Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Charles Univ Prague, Univ Nacl Expt los Llanos Occident Ezequiel Zamor, Long Isl Univ, Univ Ryukyus, Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Indiana Univ Penn, IRD, State Museum Nat Hist Karlsruhe, Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Univ Ghent, Univ Antwerp, Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Ctr Cellular & Mol Biol, Yale Peabody Museum Nat Hist, Bethune Cookman Univ, Natl Museum Nat & Sci, and Zool Garten Koln

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Rebuttal, 010607 zoology, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Q1, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biological Science Disciplines, FOTOGRAFIA, Photography, Animals, Animal species, Biological sciences, QH426, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Taxonomy, QL, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Biodiversity, Classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic, Taxonomy (biology), Animal Science and Zoology, Classics
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:17:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-11-23 Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA Museu Nacl Hist Nat & Ciencia, Lisbon, Portugal Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, Inst Ciencias Biol, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA Sorbonne Univ, Museum Natl Hist Nat, ISYEB, Paris, France Univ Nacl Tucuman, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Diadema, Brazil Upper Austrian Museum, Ctr Biol, Linz, Austria Villanova Univ, Villanova, PA 19085 USA Univ Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria Plazi, Bern, Switzerland Univ Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil Zool Forsch Museum A Koenig, Bonn, Germany Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil Russian Acad Sci, St Petersburg, Russia Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Museo Reg Sci Nat, Turin, Italy Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Royal Museum Cent Africa, Tervuren, Belgium Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Innsbruck, Austria Hasselt Univ, Hasselt, Belgium Univ Fed Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Univ Nacl Misiones, Felix De Azara, Argentina Albany Museum, Grahamstown, South Africa Natl Museum, Bloemfontein, South Africa Senckenberg Nat Hist Sammlungen, Dresden, Germany Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Stephen F Austin State Univ, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA Landesmuseum, Leonding, Austria Univ Camerino, Camerino, Italy Univ Fed ABC, Sao Bernardo, Brazil Univ Estadual Londrina, Museu Zool, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Senckenberg Res Inst, Frankfurt, Germany Museo Civ Storia Nat, Carmagnola, Italy Polskiej Akad Nauk, Muzeum & Inst Zool, Warsaw, Poland Museo Civ Storia Nat, Genoa, Italy Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg, Russia Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Vicente, Brazil Sorbonne Univ, ISYEB, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France Port Elizabeth Museum, Port Elizabeth, South Africa Sam Noble Museum, Norman, OK USA Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA North West Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa Museu Nacl, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Nat Hist Museum, Basel, Switzerland Senckenberg Nat Kundemuseum, Gorlitz, Germany North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC USA Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA Univ Huddersfield, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England North Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND USA Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Fac Sci Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia DPTC PC, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA Zool Survey India, Kolkata, India Univ Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN USA Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Univ Luterana Brasil, Museu Ciencias Nat, Canoas, Brazil Univ Firenze, Florence, Italy Univ Ovidius Constanta, Constanta, Romania Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, Brussels, Belgium Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Univ Stellenbosch, Matieland, South Africa Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil CIBIO Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Vairao, Portugal Museum Hist Nat, Geneva, Switzerland Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Brazil Univ Austral Chile, Valdivia, Chile Univ Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia Indian Inst Sci, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban, Argyll, Scotland Sam Houston State Univ, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Madrid, Spain Sorbonne Univ, CR2P, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France Drexel Univ, Acad Nat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Univ Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173 USA Ctr Pesquisas Cacau, Itabuna, Brazil Univ Torino, Turin, Italy Soc Hist Nat Alcide dOrbigny, Aubiere, France Wolfden Sci Consulting, Murcia, Spain Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Macae, Brazil Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA Inst Humboldt, Villa De Leyva, Colombia Escuela Politec Nacl, Quito, Ecuador Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA Museum Dept Hist Nat Var, Toulon, France Nat Environm & Wildlife Soc, Angul, India Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Univ Fed Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Nat Hist Museum Narodini Museum, Prague, Czech Republic Nat Hist Museum Zimbabwe, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe Ateneo Manila Univ, Quezon City, Philippines Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia RACINE, St Maugan, France Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ Paris, ISYEB, Paris, France Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Peoples R China Museo Nacl Hist Nat Paraguay, San Lorenzo, Paraguay Univ Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela Natl Ctr Biol Sci, Bengaluru, India Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA CENAK Ctr Nat Kunde, Hamburg, Germany Ohio Hist Connect, Columbus, OH USA Univ Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Univ Malaga, Malaga, Spain Chinese Acad Sci, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico Natl Polytech Inst, Ctr Res & Adv Studies, Irapuato, Mexico Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA Univ Fed Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Nat Hist Museum, Vienna, Austria La Sierra Univ, Riverside, CA USA Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China CUNY, New York, NY 10021 USA CAS, Inst Vertebrate Biol, Brno, Czech Republic Sorbonne Univ, MECADEV, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil Zool Staatssammlung Munchen, Munich, Germany Univ Michigan, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Leipzig, Germany Santa Rosa Jr Coll, Santa Rosa, CA USA George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20037 USA Inst Teknol Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia Earlham Coll, Richmond, IN USA Senckenberg Forschungsinst & Nat Museum, Frankfurt, Germany Univ Estadual Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil Univ Koblenz Landau, Koblenz, Germany Nat Hist Museum, London, England Ditsong Natl Museum Nat Hist, Pretoria, South Africa Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Bombay, Maharashtra, India Philipps Univ Marburg, Marburg, Germany Hess Landesmuseum, Darmstadt, Germany Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA Univ Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary Staatliches Museum Nat Kunde, Stuttgart, Germany UFT, Tocantins, Portugal Museum Nat Kunde, Berlin, Germany Nat Hist Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden Hikarigaoka, Munakata, Japan Inst Agr & Environm Sci, Tartu, Estonia Univ Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela Bat Jungle, Monteverde, Costa Rica Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Museo Nacl Hist Nat, Montevideo, Uruguay Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Fdn Miguel Lillo, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina Roger Tory Peterson Inst Nat Hist, Jamestown, VA USA Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Cruz Das Almas, Brazil South China Normal Univ, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, Peoples R China Museu Ciencias Tecnol PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Tocantins, Porto Nacl, Brazil Univ Toronto, Scarborough, ON, Canada Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia Natl Museum Philippines, Manila, Philippines NOVA Univ Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Regina, SK, Canada Deutsch Zentrum Marine Biodiversitatsforsch, Hamburg, Germany Ctr Invest Biol Noroeste, La Paz, Mexico Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands Univ Douala, Douala, Cameroon Vet & Farmaceut Univ Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Univ Swaziland, Kwaluseni, Eswatini Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Claude Bernard, Lyon, France Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA USA Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA Nat Hist Museum & Inst, Chiba, Japan Senckenberg Biodiversitat & Klima Forschunsgzentr, Frankfurt, Germany Marquette Univ, Milwaukee, WI 53233 USA Univ Firenze, Museo Storia Nat, Florence, Italy Univ Fed Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil Fed Univ ABC, Sao Bernardo, Brazil Univ Fed Goias, Goiania, Go, Brazil Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK USA Egerton Univ, Egerton, Kenya Museo Hist Nat, Lima, Peru IKIAM Univ Reg Amazon, Tena, Ecuador Univ Hyogo, Sanda, Japan Inst Rech Dev, Paris, France Univ Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil Niedersachs Landesbetrieb Wasserwirtschaft Kusten, Hannover, Germany Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Nacl Patagon, Puerto Madryn, Argentina Roosevelt Univ, Coll Profess Studies, Chicago, IL 60605 USA Western Kentucky Univ, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy Univ Fed Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Inst Bio & Geociencias Noroeste Argentino, Salta, Argentina Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Caracas, Venezuela Umweltbundesamt, Vienna, Austria Penclen, Plumelec, France CNRS MNHN UPMC, Ctr Rech Paleobiodivers & Paleoenvironm, Paris, France Staatl Museum Nat Kunde, Stuttgart, Germany Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivada, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Ctr Biol Gest Populat INRA, Montferrier Sur Lez, France Loyola Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL USA Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Durban Museum Nat Sci, Durban, South Africa Univ Estado Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA Museo Hist Nat La Salle, Caracas, Venezuela Univ Vet Med Hannover, Hannover, Germany Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA Francis Marion Univ, Florence, SC USA Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA Univ Connecticut, Groton, CT USA Fed Univ ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil Fed Univ Para, Belem, Para, Brazil Yale Peabody Museum, New Haven, CT USA Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA Senckenberg Deutsch Entomol Inst, Muncheberg, Germany CSIRO, Natl Res Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia Univ Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa Univ Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea Univ Estadual Sao Paulo, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Senckenberg Forsch Inst & Nat Museum, Frankfurt, Germany Ocean Univ China, Inst Marine Biodivers & Evolut, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China Univ Fed Para, Altamira, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Assis, Brazil UPMC, Ctr Rech Paleobiodiversite & Paleoenvironm, CNRS, MNHN, Paris, France Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Prague, Czech Republic Univ Nacl Expt los Llanos Occident Ezequiel Zamor, Guanare, Venezuela Long Isl Univ, Brooklyn, NY USA Univ Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Museo Zool, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Quito, Ecuador Indiana Univ Penn, Indiana, PA USA IRD, Dakar, Senegal State Museum Nat Hist Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany Univ Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Univ Ghent, Ghent, Belgium Univ Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany Ctr Cellular & Mol Biol, Hyderabad, India Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil Yale Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT USA Univ Innsbruck, Mondsee, Austria Bethune Cookman Univ, Daytona Beach, FL USA Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Tokyo, Japan Zool Garten Koln, Cologne, Germany Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Vicente, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Assis, Brazil

Published
2016
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6. [Untitled]

Author

Kraig Adler, Scott R. Smedley, Michael Knight, Andrés González, Richard E. Glor, and Thomas Eisner

Subjects
aviation, Pogona, biology, Ecology, Zoology, General Medicine, Chamaeleo, Agamidae, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, aviation.aircraft_model, biology.animal, Lacerta, Lacertidae, Lampyridae, Chamaeleonidae, Photinus, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Ingestion of fireflies of the genus Photinus (Lampyridae) can be lethal to Australian lizards of the genus Pogona (Agamidae), probably because of the poisonous steroidal pyrones (lucibufagins) that these fireflies contain. One Photinus may suffice to kill a Pogona. Captive Pogona kept as pets need to be shielded from firefly ingestion. African chameleons (Chamaeleo; Chamaeleonidae) appear also to be vulnerable to Photinus toxicosis.

Published
1999
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7. True navigation by an amphibian

Author

John B. Phillips, Kraig Adler, and S.C. Borland

Subjects
Amphibian, biology, Homing (biology), Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Geodesy, Geography, biology.animal, Compass, Notophthalmus viridescens, Taricha, Animal Science and Zoology, FAMILY SALAMANDRIDAE, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

True navigation, also referred to as map-based homing, is the ability of an organism to return to the origin of a displacement (‘home’) without access to familiar landmarks or goal-emanating cues, and without knowledge of the displacement route. True navigation requires both a ‘map’ or geographical position sense and a compass, and has been demonstrated only in vertebrates (e.g. Walcott & Schmidt-Koenig 1973; Rodda 1984a, b, 1985). In the present study, eastern red-spotted newts, Notophthalmus viridescens, deprived of directional information during long distance displacement from their home pond were able to orient in the homeward direction, indicating that they are capable of true navigation. Homing ability appears to be well developed in the family Salamandridae. Western newts, Taricha rivularis, return to breeding sites along relatively straight paths after displacements of up to 12 km (Twitty et al. 1966). Eastern red-spotted newts exhibit homeward-directed orientation in an enclosed indoor arena after displacements of lo-50 km (Phillips 1986a, 1987; Phillips & Borland 1994). In our earlier homing studies (Phillips 1986a, 1987; Phillips & Borland 1994), male eastern newts were displaced from their home ponds to the testing facility in partially covered plastic buckets which provided access to directional cues en route that could potentially have been used to determine the direction of displacement (Phillips 1987). In the experiments reported here, male newts were deprived of visual, magnetic, olfactory and inertial directional cues during displacement from their

Published
1995
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8. The Development of Systematic Reviews of the Turtles of the World

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Turtles are one of nature’s most immediately recognizable life forms. They are an ancient group of vertebrateswith a rich fossil history whose natural limits have long been recognized by naturalists. Indeed, the monophylyof this order has never been seriously questioned. The use of turtles and their eggs as food and for medicinaland ceremonial purposes has made them of importance to mankind since prehistoric times. As such, cheloniansfigured prominently in the earliest museum collections, all of them privately owned, including that of the Ital-ian physician and encyclopedist of nature, Ulisse Aldrovandi of Bologna, in the late 16th century and the collec-tions amassed in Amsterdam by the wealthy pharmacist and amateur naturalist, Albertus Seba, early in the 18thcentury. The first books devoted exclusively to turtles were on their anatomy. Giovanni Caldesi, physician tothe last grand duke of Tuscany, and Christoph Gottwald, a physician and collector of natural history curiositiesin Danzig, published their treatises on chelonian morphology in 1687 and 1781, respectively, the latter beingissued eight decades after Gottwald’s death. Neither author, however, provided a comprehensive review of theworld’s turtles.

Published
2007

9. The nomenclatural status of some generic nomina of Megophryidae (Amphibia, Anura)

Author

Er-mi Zhao, Stéphane Grosjean, Alain Dubois, Kraig Adler, and Annemarie Ohler

Subjects
Paleontology, biology, Megophryidae, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Scientific literature, medicine.symptom, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Linguistics, Confusion
Abstract

The use of scientific names or nomina (Dubois 2000) in the scientific literature requires attention to the international nomenclatural rules of the Code (Anonymous 1999). Articles 7 to 20 of this Code put precise conditions for the availability of nomina, which must be respected if these are to be used as valid in taxonomy. Similarly, Articles 52 to 60 concern the situation of homonynous nomina. Lack of attention to these rules may create nomenclatural instability and confusion and should be avoided, or corrected when discovered.

Published
2010
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11. Melatonin and thyroxine: Influence on compass orientation in salamanders

Author

Douglas H. Taylor and Kraig Adler

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Developmental stage, Larva, animal structures, Physiology, media_common.quotation_subject, fungi, Exogenous melatonin, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Compass Orientation, Melatonin, Behavioral Neuroscience, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Serotonin, Metamorphosis, Tiger salamander, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, medicine.drug
Abstract

Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) trained as larvae to orient in a particular compass direction reverse their direction of movement approximately at metamorphosis, but the timing of reversal is not closely related to developmental stage. Although exogenous thyroxine facilitates metamorphosis, it does not simultaneously trigger reversal of movement (Fig. 1). The reversal occurs even if the animals are deprived of a continuous view of the sky. Administration of pulses of exogenous melatonin at noon, but not serotonin or thyroxine, caused the larvae to shift their directional response about 90° clockwise (Figs. 2, 3). This result is consistent with the view that melatonin pulses mimic “lights-on” and act to phase-delay the animal's endogenous timekeeping mechanism.

Published
1980
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12. Individuality in the use of orientation cues by green frogs

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
Task learning, Communication, Orientation (mental), business.industry, Homogeneous, Animal Science and Zoology, business, Psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Task (project management)
Abstract

The common assumption that test groups are motivationally homogeneous and utilize the same orientation reference cues may not be correct. Green frogs ( Rana clamitans ) were trained in a circular arena to seek a goalbox located 90° counterclockwise from a lamp. Most frogs learned the task, but an analysis of the training and testing records showed marked individuality in task learning. Some frogs found the goalbox only with the lamp as a cue; others used the goalbox, the goalbox and lamp, or the goalbox and the lamp separately as cues. One individual learned to orient non-randomly to some still-unknown but geographically fixed cue. These observations show that even though frogs can learn a common task, under supposedly identical training conditions they may utilize a diversity of cues. Larger (thus, older) frogs were significantly more consistent in their patterns of movement. Paths of movement that succeeded in reaching the goal tended to be repeated in later tests. Frogs trained to move around a partition to a goal continued that path even when the obstruction was later removed, suggesting the use of a motor memory or kinaesthesia. Standard orientation tests, in which the group was significantly oriented in the expected direction, were shown on closer inspection to consist of frogs moving according to several individually stereotyped factors. Thus, the heterogeneity of individual experimental animals should be more fully taken into consideration in orientation research.

Published
1980
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13. The pineal body: Site of extraocular perception of celestial cues for orientation in the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum)

Author

Kraig Adler and Douglas H. Taylor

Subjects
Behavioral Neuroscience, biology, Physiology, Orientation (mental), Animal Science and Zoology, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Tiger salamander, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Compass Orientation
Abstract

Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) trained to orient in a particular compass direction under the sun fail to orient in the trained direction if they are (i) eyeless and simultaneously have the brain covered with opaque plastic or are (ii) eyeless and pinealectomized (Fig. 1–2, Table 1). Salamanders with either the eyes or the pineal intact and unobstructed continue to orient in the trained direction. These data strongly support the hypothesis that the pineal body is an effective extraocular photoreceptor (EOP) for compass orientation in tiger salamanders.

Published
1978
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14. Orientation in a desert lizard (Uma notata): time-compensated compass movement and polarotaxis

Author

John B. Phillips and Kraig Adler

Subjects
biology, Physiology, Lizard, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, Escape response, Polarization (waves), Behavioral Neuroscience, Optics, Desert environment, Sky, Compass, biology.animal, Light filter, Animal Science and Zoology, business, Uma notata, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, media_common
Abstract

The diurnal escape response of fringetoed lizards (Uma notata) startled by predators demonstrates clear directional orientation not likely to depend on local landmarks in the shifting sands of their desert environment. Evidence that celestial orientation is involved in this behavior has been sought in the present experiments by testing the effects of (1) phase shifting the animal's internal clock by 6 h and (2) by training the lizards to seek shelter while exposed to natural polarization patterns. In the first case, 90° shifts in escape direction were demonstrated in outdoor tests, as expected if a time-compensated sun or sky polarized light compass is involved. In the second instance, significant bimodale-vector dependent orientation was found under an overhead polarizing light filter but this was only evident when the response data were transposed to match the zenithe-vector rotation dependent on the sun's apparent movement through the sky. This extends to reptiles the capacity to utilize overheade-vector directions as a time-compensated sky compass. The sensory site of this discrimination and the relative roles of sun and sky polarization in nature remain to be discovered.

Published
1985
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15. Toad orientation: Variability of response and its relationship to individuality and environmental parameters

Author

Douglas H. Taylor and Kraig Adler

Subjects
Physiology, Ecology, Zoology, Toad, Biology, Compass Orientation, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Corticosterone, Orientation (mental), biology.animal, Animal Science and Zoology, Test sample, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Results of compass orientation studies with amphibians and other organisms typically are characterized by large variability. This study considered the extent to which variability in individual responses may account for group variance and also assessed the role of environmental factors in influencing orientation. Statistical tests showed that even though all animals were trained similarly, the orientation of some individuals reversed (10% of our test sample). A physiological basis for this directional reversal is suggested, dependent upon stress-induced corticosterone levels.

Published
1981
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16. Extraocular perception of polarized light by orienting salamanders

Author

Kraig Adler and Douglas H. Taylor

Subjects
Physics, Opacity, Physiology, business.industry, Linearly polarized light, media_common.quotation_subject, Anatomy, Behavioral Neuroscience, Optics, Perception, Animal Science and Zoology, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common
Abstract

Spatial orientation corresponding to the bearing of thee-vector of linearly polarized light can be demonstrated in sighted and eyeless salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) trained under linearly polarized light. However, if opaque polyethylene plastic is inserted over the skull of these animals, whether they are sighted or eyeless, orientation is uniform within the test arena. Bidirectional oriented movement is restored in both groups, however, when transparent plastic is substituted in the same animals. A discussion of the possible mechanism for perception of polarized light by extraocular photoreceptors (EOPs) is given.

Published
1973
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17. Two methods for using period length to study rhythmic phenomena

Author

S. Binkley, D. H. Taylor, and Kraig Adler

Subjects
Communication, Biological data, Rhythm analysis, Series (mathematics), Physiology, business.industry, Speech recognition, Autocorrelation, Biology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Rhythm, Periodogram, Animal Science and Zoology, Circadian rhythm, business, Period length, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

We have developed two distinct methods of biological rhythm analysis. The procedures are based on existing techniques for analysis of time series, Enright's periodogram and autocorrelation, and both of the new methods use the parameter, period length (τ), for defining oscillatory phenomena. We empirically evaluated the two types of analyses using real biological data from circadian rhythm studies in salamanders and sparrows.

Published
1973
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19. Publication history of the Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amérique Centrale, reptiles and amphibians xx

Author

Roger Bour, Oscar Flores-Villela, and Kraig Adler

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, History, 010607 zoology, Library science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Nomenclature, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

We give detailed information about the publication dates of the livraisons (deliveries) for the Reptiles and Amphibians of the Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amerique Centrale. We correct some of the previously published information regarding the publication dates and authorship of the livraisons. By providing this information we hope to help researchers interested in the herpetofauna of Mexico and Central America to avoid mistakes related to authorship and publication dates when citing species that were described in this important study of the region. In the appendix we give, to the extent our research allows, information about the artists who painted the plates in this work.

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20. Salamanders of the Genus Bolitoglossa from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Southern Mexico

Author

Kraig Adler, David B. Wake, and Theodore J. Papenfuss

Subjects
Bolitoglossa, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Range (biology), Tropics, Tropic of Cancer, Biology, Tribe (biology), biology.organism_classification, Bolitoglossa macrinii, Genus, Animal Science and Zoology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Mountain range
Abstract

The Sierra Madre del Sur of Oaxaca and Guerrero, along the west coast of Mexico, marks the northwestern limits of the genus Bolitoglossa. The three species known from these mountains comprise the macrinii group, which differs from all other Bolitoglossa beta by lacking mental gland clusters in adult males, and in having extremely weak premaxillary bones that fre- quently have incomplete frontal processes. Bolitoglossa macrinii and B. riletti occur in Oaxaca, and B. hermosa, here described, has recently been found in Guerrero. These species can be distinguished by differences in color pattern and amount of foot webbing. The three species are also well differ- entiated on the basis of morphometric and electrophoretic differences. Over half of the world's known species of salamanders are tropical plethodontids in the tribe Bolitoglossi- ni. As recently as fifty years ago, only 30 tropical species were recognized. To- day over 160 have been described. The largest genus in the Bolitoglossini is Bolitoglossa with about 75 species. Its members span the New World tropics from near the Tropic of Cancer in the north to the Tropic of Capricorn in the south. The Sierra Madre del Sur, locat- ed in the states of Oaxaca and Guerrero, Mexico, apparently represent the northwestern limits of the genus along the west coast of Mexico. The drainage of this mountain range is west of the Continental Divide and the range ex- tends from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in the east-southeast to the mouth of the Rio Balsas in the west-northwest.

Published
1983
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22. The Role of Extraoptic Photoreceptors in Amphibian Rhythms and Orientation: A Review

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
Amphibian, endocrine system, biology, Epiphysis cerebri, Anatomy, Neurophysiology, Compass Orientation, Rhythm, biology.animal, Animal Science and Zoology, Circadian rhythm, Entrainment (chronobiology), Neuroscience, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Amphibians possess extraoptic photoreceptors (EOPs) which can be used to perceive light for certain physiological and behavioral activities including pigmentary adaptation, entrainment and phase-shifting of circadian locomotor rhythms, and compass orientation. Several parts of the pineal system seem to be involved in perceiving light: the extracranial pineal end organ (also called frontal organ or stirnorgan) found only in frogs and toads, and the intracranial pineal body (or epiphysis cerebri) found in all Amphibia; both structures possess a retina-like fine structure and have been demonstrated to be functional photoreceptors from neurophysiological studies. Evidence for the use of EOPs and location of specific sites is reviewed drawing upon behavioral, ultrastructural and neurophysiological sources. The existence of non-pineal EOPs in Amphibia and the role of EOPs in other vertebrates are briefly discussed.

Published
1970
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23. Synonymy of the Pliocene Turtles Pseudemys hilli Cope and Chrysemys limnodytes Galbreath

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
Spine (zoology), biology, Pseudemys, Holotype, Animal Science and Zoology, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Comparison of the holotypes of Pseudemys hilli (Cope, 1878) of the Kansas Lower Pliocene and Chrysemys limnodytes (Galbreath, 1948) of the Oklahoma Lower Pliocene indicates the they are synonymous. The holotype of C. limnodytes possesses only one character (the shape of the haemal spine of the last cervical vertebra) in nine studied that indicates a closer affinity to Chrysemys than to Pseudemys. A difference in the rela- tive lengths of the second, third, and fourth ribs of Chrysemys and Pseudemys is noted and recommends c o m p a r a t i v e study of the muscles which these bones encase. As a consequence of studies on some fossil emydines, it has been necessary for me to identify some of the numerous names that have been applied to these

Published
1968
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24. Pseudemys scripta in West Virginia: Archeological and Modern Records

Author

Kraig Adler

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Range (biology), Population, West virginia, Disjunct, Biology, Archaeology, law.invention, Prehistory, law, Biological dispersal, Animal Science and Zoology, Glacial period, Turtle (robot), education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

A population of Pseudemys scripta is reported in west- central West Virginia and materialfrom an archeological site at Mount Carbon (dating about 820-1070 AD) corroborates this first record for the state; all of these localities are in the Kanawha River Valley. Aqua- tic prehistoric dispersal routes in the Midwest are discussed and it is suggested that this species used the Mahomet-Teays River, formed dur- ing the Nebraskan glacial advance, to reach southern Ohio and West Virginia from the Mississippi Valley. Other animals having similar distributional patterns are mentioned. The pond slider, Pseudemys scripta, has a wide distribution, from eastern Virginia to northwestern South America. In the Midwest this turtle ranges up the Mississippi River, throughout Illinois and much of Indiana. There are several disjunct colonies in Ohio and Michigan (Conant, 1958), and archeological records from well beyond the present range of the species have recently been reported from Wisconsin and Michigan (Adler, 1968). Like certain other aquatic species of rep- tiles and amphibians to be mentioned below, isolated populations of the pond slider may yet be found in other places in the Midwest.

Published
1968
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