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3 results on '"J.-M. Laugier"'

1. Unbalanced polyandry in wild-caught ladybirds Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Author

Oldřich Nedvěd, Guillaume J. M. Laugier, Anne Loiseau, Mona Awad, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Institute of Entomology, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Université du Caire, Partenaires INRAE, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and The study was supported by grant no. QH82047 from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic and by a grant from the Agropolis Fondation (RTRA—Montpellier, BIOFIS project).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Entomology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, Zoology, Paternity, Introduced species, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mating, Overwintering, media_common, biology, Ecology, Reproduction, biology.organism_classification, Mating system, Promiscuity, Propagule size, Harmonia axyridis, 010602 entomology, Fertilization, Insect Science, Coccinellidae
Abstract

International audience; We investigated the mating and fertilization patterns in one Czech local population of the invasive aphidophagous ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), sampling the same mixed generations before and after overwintering. Our study using eight microsatellite loci provides the first direct evidence that females of H. axyridis are highly polyandrous in the wild and that they not only mate multiple times but also use the sperm from multiple males to fertilize their eggs. Three types of values (minimum number of fathers, estimated number of fathers and effective number of fathers contributing to progeny of one mother) were about two times higher in the spring sample (2.9, 5.2, 3.1), in the peak of their reproduction period, than in the preceding autumn sample (1.6, 2.8, 1.6). The contribution of individual fathers to the number of progeny was highly unbalanced, with a few dominating fathers and many fathers with low number of progeny.

Published
2015
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2. Paternity following multiple mating in ladybird Harmonia axyridis

Author

Lubomír Piálek, Mona Awad, Alena Krejci, Guillaume J. M. Laugier, Oldřich Nedvěd, Cairo University, Inst. Entomol., Biology Centre ASCR, Fac. Sci., University of South Bohemia, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Entomology, animal structures, genetic structures, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mating, Microsatellites, Sperm competition, reproductive and urinary physiology, Larva, biology, Ecology, fungi, biology.organism_classification, Harmonia axyridis, 010602 entomology, Fertility, Animal ecology, Coccinellidae, Insect Science, Agronomy and Crop Science, Sperm precedence
Abstract

International audience; We investigated factors which may determine realised paternity following multiple mating in a promiscuous ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), namely the mating order and ability of males of different morphs to fertilize females. In experiments using males of two colour morphs, we found that the first male had a reproductive advantage over the second male (sperm precedence P2 = 0.38). Males of the melanic morph spectabilis had a reproductive advantage over males of the semi-melanic morph axyridis (P2 = 0.35). Analysis of paternity using microsatellites applied to young larvae, which avoids possible differential mortality of progeny, confirmed the precedence of the first male and higher paternity rate of colour morphs that are more frequent in the wild. Hatchability of eggs increased from 65% after the first mating to 85% after the second mating delayed by five days. Average duration of mating was 157 min and did not differ between the first and second mating and between the colour morphs of males.

Published
2017
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3. Reduced population size can induce quick evolution of inbreeding depression in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis

Author

Ashraf Tayeh, Arnaud Estoup, Gilles Le Moguédec, Bruno Serrate, Wang Su, Benoit Facon, Guillaume J. M. Laugier, Laurent Soldati, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Population fragmentation, Harmonia axyridis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Genetic purging, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Bottleneck, 03 medical and health sciences, Effective population size, Inbreeding depression, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Genetics, education.field_of_study, Ecology, biology, Population size, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Fixation, Fixation (population genetics), 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Purging
Abstract

Understanding biological invasion is currently one of the main scientific challenges for ecologists. The introduction process is crucial for the success of an invasion, especially when it involves a demographic bottleneck. A small introduced population is expected to face a higher risk of extinction before the first stage of invasion is complete if inbreeding depression, caused by the expression of deleterious alleles, is important. Changes in mating regimes or in population size can induce the evolution of deleterious allele frequencies, either by selection or by drift, possibly resulting in the purging or the fixation of such alleles within the population. The harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis became invasive on several continents following a scenario including at least one event of demographic bottleneck. Although native populations suffered from severe inbreeding depression, it was greatly reduced in invasive ones suggesting that deleterious alleles were purged during the invasion process. In this study, we performed an experiment designed to manipulate the effective population size of H. axyridis across successive generations to mimic contrasting introduction events. We used the measurement of two fitness-related phenotypic traits in order to test (1) if inbreeding depression can evolve at the time-scale of an invasion; and (2) if the changes in inbreeding depression following a bottleneck in laboratory conditions are compatible with the purging of deleterious alleles observed in this species. We found that two generations of very low population size are enough to induce a substantial change in inbreeding depression. Although the genetic changes mostly consisted in fixation of deleterious alleles, purging did also occur, sometimes simultaneously with fixation.

Published
2016
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