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1. Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

Author

Bruno Garcia Luize, Milton Tirado, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Toby Pennington, Juliana Schietti, Aurora Levesley, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Lourens Poorter, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Egleé L. Zent, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Everton José Almeida, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Aparecida Lopes, Diego Correa, William Milliken, Daniel Praia Portela de Aguiar, James A. Comiskey, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Italo Mesones, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Corine Vriesendorp, Doug Daly, Katia Regina Casula, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Erika Berenguer, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Rafael L. Assis, Jens Kattge, Juliana Stropp, Edwin Pos, Henrik Balslev, Paul J. M. Maas, Ophelia Wang, José Ferreira Ramos, Jon Lloyd, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes, Timothy R. Baker, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Jérôme Chave, Carolina V. Castilho, María Natalia Umaña, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Hans ter Steege, Hernán Castellanos, Nállarett Dávila, Lionel Hernández, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Julien Engel, Olaf Bánki, Ángela Cano, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Gerhard Boenisch, Priscila Souza, André Braga Junqueira, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Cid Ferreira, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Kenneth R. Young, Agustín Rudas, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Cláudia Baider, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Timothy J. Killeen, Daniel Villarroel, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Stanford Zent, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Georgia Pickavance, Daniela Pauletto, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Émile Fonty, Daniel Sabatier, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Maíra da Rocha, William E. Magnusson, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Renato R. Hilário, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Charles E. Zartman, Karina Melgaço, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Joseph E. Hawes, Janaina da Costa de Noronha, Maria Pires Martins, Larissa Cavalheiro, Miles R. Silman, Francisco Dallmeier, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Jos Barlow, Milena Holmgren, Carlos A. Peres, William F. Laurance, Casimiro Mendoza, Roderick Zagt, Percy Núñez Vargas, Juan Carlos Licona, Sasha Cárdenas, John Terborgh, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Susamar Pansini, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Ted R. Feldpausch, César I.A. Vela, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, José Julio de Toledo, Therany Gonzales, Kenneth J. Feeley, Ana Andrade, Patricio von Hildebrand, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Joice Ferreira, Jean-François Molino, Adriana Prieto, Christopher Baraloto, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Luzmila Arroyo, Alvaro Duque, Alfonso Alonso, Yadvinder Malhi, Carlos Cerón, Anthony Di Fiore, J. Sebastián Tello, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Carolina Levis, Rodrigo Sierra, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Iêda Leão do Amaral, William Farfan-Rios, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, C Gerardo Aymard, Natalino Silva, Hugo Mogollón, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Paul V. A. Fine, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Florian Wittmann, Vincent A. Vos, José Luís Camargo, Fernanda Carvalho, Tinde van Andel, Rogério Gribel, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Alberto Vicentini, Freddie Draper, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Dairon Cárdenas López, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Helder Lima de Queiroz, John Ethan Householder, Gabriel Damasco, Bernardo M. Flores, Kyle G. Dexter, Pablo R. Stevenson, Miguel Alexiades, Aline Lopes, Alexandre S. Oliveira, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Jose L. Pena, Marcelo F. Simon, Thaise Emilio, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Oliveira, Alexandre A [0000-0001-5526-8109], University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), ONF - Direction régionale de la Guyane [Cayenne], and Office national des forêts (ONF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Geography & travel, Bioinformatics, Ecology (disciplines), Entropy, Forests, Information theory, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Computational biology, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics, Econometrics, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Stabilizing selection, Relative abundance distribution, Ecosystem, ddc:910, Mathematics, MCC, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, GE, Ecology, Principle of maximum entropy, 3rd-DAS, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Plants, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Biosystematiek, Computational biology and bioinformatics, Complex dynamics, Quantitative analysis (finance), Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, FOS: Biological sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biosystematics, Probability distribution, Statistical physics, GE Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Funding: Floristic identification in plots in the RAINFOR forest monitoring network have been supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grants NE/B503384/1, NE/ D01025X/1, NE/I02982X/1, NE/F005806/1, NE/D005590/1 and NE/I028122/1) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics. Publisher PDF

Published
2023

2. Species Distribution Modelling: Contrasting presence-only models with plot abundance data

Author

Ophelia Wang, José Ferreira Ramos, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Bruno Garcia Luize, Ana Andrade, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Vincent A. Vos, Ángela Cano, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, James A. Comiskey, Kenneth J. Feeley, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Egleé L. Zent, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Stanford Zent, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Pascal Petronelli, Jean-François Molino, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Rogério Gribel, Christopher Baraloto, Luzmila Arroyo, William Milliken, Timothy R. Baker, Corine Vriesendorp, Henrik Balslev, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Juan Carlos Licona, Sasha Cárdenas, Percy Núñez Vargas, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Paul J. M. Maas, Daniel Sabatier, Stéphanie D. Ijff, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Charles E. Zartman, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Alberto Vicentini, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, John Terborgh, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Maria Pires Martins, José Luís Marcelo Peña, Toby Pennington, Juliana Schietti, Milton Tirado, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Lionel Hernández, Gabriel Damasco, Gerardo Aymard, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Aline Lopes, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Maíra da Rocha, Rafael L. Assis, Edwin Pos, Olaf Bánki, Cláudia Baider, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Cid Ferreira, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Jérôme Chave, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Susamar Pansini, Ted R. Feldpausch, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Agustín Rudas, Casimiro Mendoza, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Italo Mesones, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Marcelo F. Simon, Alvaro Duque, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carlos Cerón, Hans ter Steege, Yadvinder Malhi, Jean Louis Guillaumet, Miles R. Silman, Pablo R. Stevenson, Daniel Praia, E. M. Jimenez, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Paul V. A. Fine, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Mariana Victória Irume, Carolina V. Castilho, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Miguel Alexiades, Terry W. Henkel, William Farfan-Rios, Daniel Villarroel, Anthony Di Fiore, Dairon Cárdenas López, Roderick Zagt, Florian Wittmann, Niels Raes, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Julien Engel, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Peter M. Jørgensen, Diego Correa, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Kenneth R. Young, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Timothy J. Killeen, Nállarett Dávila, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo Mogollón, Thaise Emilio, Hernán Castellanos, Katia Regina Casula, Ben Hur Marimon, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Francisco Dallmeier, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, Therany Gonzales, Natalia Targhetta, Patricio von Hildebrand, Juliana Stropp, Boris Villa, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Daniela Pauletto, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Adriana Prieto, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Rodrigo Sierra, Priscila Souza, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, William F. Laurance, José Luís Camargo, Fernanda Carvalho, Tinde van Andel, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, César I.A. Vela, Kyle G. Dexter, William E. Magnusson, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Joana Ricardo, Alfonso Alonso, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Doug Daly, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Natalino Silva, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Carlos A. Peres, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), International Center for Tropical Botany, Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine and Coastal Management, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Instituto SINCHI, University of California, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, University of Leeds, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Amapá - IEPA, Université de Montpellier, Field Museum, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Nicholas School of the Environment, Santa Cruz, Universidade Do Estado de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, University of Exeter, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Agteca-Amazonica, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Santa Cruz, James Cook University, Fiocruz, IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva, Calle Chile, Universidad de Los Andes, University of Amsterdam, UNELLEZ-Guanare, Endangered Species Coalition, Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Wageningen University and Research, Kew, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, University of Miami Coral, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico Do Rio de Janeiro, Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Florida International University, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Federal University of Alagoas, Universidade Federal Do Acre, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Univ Guyane, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Humboldt State University, New York Botanical Garden, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Universitario UMSA, Missouri Botanical Garden, University of East Anglia, UMR 5174 EDB, Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, Wake Forest University, University of Texas at Austin, Madre de Dios, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ, Conservation University of Florida, Fundación Estación de Biología, Amazon Conservation Team, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), ACEER Foundation, Universidad Autónoma Del Beni José Ballivián, Centro de Investigación y Promoción Del Campesinado, Dyson Perrins Building, University of Queensland, University of Washington, University of Nottingham, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense, University of Maryland, GeoIS, Northern Arizona University, Manejo Forestal en Las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Mauritius Herbarium, Aarhus University, Conservation Biology Institute, Tropenbos International, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, University of Missouri, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, University of Kent, Universidad Técnica Del Norte, Utrecht University, Free University, Systems Ecology, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography & travel, Physiology, QH301 Biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Species distribution, Biodiversity, DIVERSITY, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, biodiversité, Trees, Abundance (ecology), Statistics, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, IUCN Red List, GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS, ECOLOGICAL NICHE MODELS, lcsh:Science, Conservation Of Natural Resources, ddc:910, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Statistical Model, Species Distribution, MAXENT, Fabaceae, 3rd-DAS, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Écologie des populations, Sensitivity Analysis, BIAS, FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, Brazil, Tree, Human, Conservation of Natural Resources, Occupancy, Conservation, Distribution des populations, 010603 evolutionary biology, Plot (graphics), Article, Chrysobalanaceae, QH301, Écologie forestière, Inverse distance weighting, Pipeline, Statistics And Numerical Data, Life Science, Humans, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Species, Models, Statistical, Plant Dispersal, Brasil, lcsh:R, Information Processing, PERFORMANCE, Polygonaceae, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Environmental niche modelling, THRESHOLDS, PATTERN, Modélisation, ABSENCE DATA, Environmental science, peuplement forestier, lcsh:Q, Prediction, Environmental Protection
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação Ministério da Educação Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDMs such as MaxEnt frequently use natural history collections (NHCs) as occurrence data, given their huge numbers and accessibility. NHCs are often spatially biased which may generate inaccuracies in SDMs. Here, we test how the distribution of NHCs and MaxEnt predictions relates to a spatial abundance model, based on a large plot dataset for Amazonian tree species, using inverse distance weighting (IDW). We also propose a new pipeline to deal with inconsistencies in NHCs and to limit the area of occupancy of the species. We found a significant but weak positive relationship between the distribution of NHCs and IDW for 66% of the species. The relationship between SDMs and IDW was also significant but weakly positive for 95% of the species, and sensitivity for both analyses was high. Furthermore, the pipeline removed half of the NHCs records. Presence-only SDM applications should consider this limitation, especially for large biodiversity assessments projects, when they are automatically generated without subsequent checking. Our pipeline provides a conservative estimate of a species' area of occupancy, within an area slightly larger than its extent of occurrence, compatible to e.g. IUCN red list assessments. Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata 376, C.P. 399 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Ambientais Universidade Federal Do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 Biodiversity Dynamics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Marine and Coastal Management, Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1 Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 EMBRAPA Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, BR 174 km 8, Distrito Industrial Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI, Calle 20 No 5-44 Department of Integrative Biology University of California Universidad San Francisco de Quito Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 School of Geography University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Department of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Josefstr 1 Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1 Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Amapá - IEPA Campus Do IEPA da Fazendinha, Rodovia JK Km 10 AMAP IRD Cirad CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier, TA A-51/PS2, Bd. de la Lironde Science and Education Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Jardín Botánico de Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Biociências - IB, Av. 24 A 1515 Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto - DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE, Av. dos Astronautas 1758 Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas - IGCe Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9.5 Center for Tropical Conservation Duke University Nicholas School of the Environment Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia - PPG-Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Campus Porto Velho, Km 9.5 Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Santa Cruz, Av. 6 agosto 28 Km 14,Doble via La Guardia Casilla, 6204 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Do Estado de Mato Grosso Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, Av. A. Quiñones km 2.5 Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65 Agteca-Amazonica Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Santa Cruz Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica, Av. W5 Norte Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz, Rua Terezina 476 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva, Térreo Av. Brasil 4365 Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Calle Chile, urbaniz Chilemex Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904 Programa de Ciencias Del Agro y El Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd MAUA Working Group Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane Center for Conservation Education Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW, Suite 3123 Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109 Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Rd Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, P.O. Box 47 Natural Capital and Plant Health Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral) Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Santa Cruz, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Postal 2489 Centro de Biociências Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte Campus Universitário Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral Instituto de Biociências Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321 Diretoria de Pesquisas Científicas Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico Do Rio de Janeiro Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177 International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 243 Grupo de Ecología de Ecosistemas Terrestres Tropicales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n Museu Universitário Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal Do Acre Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Km 7 via Muyuna Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech CNRS INRA Univ Guyane Campus Agronomique Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Jr. Independencia 405 Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Universitario UMSA, Casilla 10077 Correo Central Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299 School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB Department of Forestry Management Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, Avenido La Molina, Apdo. 456 School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King's Buildings Biology Department Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd Department of Anthropology University of Texas at Austin, SAC 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Madre de Dios Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ Department of Wildlife Ecology Conservation University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall Fundación Estación de Biología, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro S/no Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado, 7945 Amazon Conservation Team, Doekhieweg Oost #24 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Medio Ambiente Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Jirón San Martín 451 Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632 Departement EV Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 16 rue Buffon Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501 PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2 5 ACEER Foundation, Jirón Cusco No 370 Universidad Autónoma Del Beni José Ballivián Campus Universitario Final, Av. Ejercito Regional Norte Amazónico Centro de Investigación y Promoción Del Campesinado, C/Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra No 362 Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road School of Agriculture and Food Sciences ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED University of Queensland Instituto de Investigaciones para El Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de Los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101 School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington University of Nottingham, University Park Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, CLA building Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 Department of Biology University of Maryland GeoIS, El Día 369 y El Telégrafo, 3o Piso Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University FOMABO Manejo Forestal en Las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS) Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Mauritius Herbarium Department of Bioscience Aarhus University, Building 1540 Ny Munkegade Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability Smithsonian's National Zoo Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 3001 Connecticut Ave Tropenbos International, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232 Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará Campus Tapajós, Rua Vera Paz Department of Biology University of Missouri Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent, Marlowe Building Herbario Nacional Del Ecuador Universidad Técnica Del Norte Ecology and Biodiversity Group Utrecht University, Padualaan 8 Systems Ecology Free University, De Boelelaan 1087 Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Biociências - IB, Av. 24 A 1515 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas - IGCe CAPES: 407232/2013-3-PVE CNPq: 407232/2013-3-PVE Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação: 407232/2013-3-PVE Ministério da Educação: 407232/2013-3-PVE

Published
2018

3. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

Ted R. Feldpausch, Naara Ferreira da Silva, A C Gerardo Aymard, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Milton Tirado, Egleé L. Zent, Nállarett Dávila, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Therany Gonzales, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Francisco Dallmeier, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, William Milliken, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Rafael L. Assis, Natalia Targhetta, César I.A. Vela, Miguel Alexiades, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Henrik Balslev, Ophelia Wang, Patricio von Hildebrand, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, José Ferreira Ramos, Alfonso Alonso, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Bruce Hoffman, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Alberto Vincentini, Bruno Garcia Luize, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Corine Vriesendorp, José Luís Camargo, Cláudia Baider, Dairon Cárdenas López, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Adriana Prieto, Natalino Silva, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Christopher Baraloto, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Hans ter Steege, Deborah de Castro, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Carvalho, Ademir R. Ruschell, Tinde van Andel, Maria Pires Martins, Yadvinder Malhi, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Agustín Rudas, Marisol Toledo, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Peter M. Jørgensen, Ben-Hur Marimon, Juliana Stropp, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Daniel Sabatier, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, James A. Comiskey, Thaise Emilio, Roderick Zagt, Gabriel Damasco, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, William Farfan-Rios, Rodrigo Sierra, Florian Wittmann, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, William E. Magnusson, Miles R. Silman, Anthony Di Fiore, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Daniel Villarroel, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Italo Mesones, Priscila Souza, Carolina V. Castilho, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Katia Regina Casula, Jochen Schöngart, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Juan Fernando Phillips, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carlos Cerón, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Stanford Zent, Daniela Pauletto, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Ana Andrade, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Paul V. A. Fine, Timothy R. Baker, Carlos A. Peres, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Hernán Castellanos, M. P. Pansonato, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Marcelo F. Simon, Casimiro Mendoza, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, William F. Laurance, Jean-François Molino, Ángela Cano, Juliana Schietti, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Luzmila Arroyo, Doug Daly, Julien Engel, Natalia de Castro, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Cid Ferreira, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Kenneth R. Young, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Timothy J. Killeen, Susamar Pansini, Paul J. M. Maas, Charles E. Zartman, Vincent A. Vos, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Rogério Gribel, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Hugo Mogollón, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Duke University [Durham], Universidad de Las Américas [Ecuador] (UDLA), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Missouri Bot Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, James Cook University (JCU), School of Geography [Leeds], Department of Integrative Biology, Bot Grad Program, Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, University of Edinburgh, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Reprodutiva de Plantas, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Humboldt State University (HSU), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Chercheur indépendant, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford [Oxford], Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), School of Geography, University of Oxford, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Instituto de Manejo Forestal, University of Kent [Canterbury], Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Alberta Mennega Stichting, ALCOA Suriname, Amazon Conservation Association, Banco de la Republica, CELOS Suriname, CAPES (PNPG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvovimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil (CNPq), PELD [558069/2009-6, 403792/2012-6], PRONEX-FAPEAM [1600/2006], Areas Umidas, MAUA, PPBio, PVE [004/2012], Universal [479599/2008-4, 3078072009-6], FAPEAM [DCR/2006], Hidroveg, FAPESP, PRONEX, Colciencias, CONICIT, Duke University, Ecopetrol, FEPIM [044/2003], The Field Museum, Conservation International/DC, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Guyana Forestry Commission, Investissement d'Avenir grant of the French ANR [ANR-10-LABX-0025], IVIC, Margaret Mee Amazon Trust, Miquel fonds, MCTI-Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi-Proc [407232/2013-3-PVE-MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq], National Geographic Society [7754-04, 8047-06, 6679-99, 7435-03, 8481-08], NSF Dissertation Improvement, Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research WOTRO [WB85-335, W84-581], Primate Conservation Inc., Programme Ecosystemes Tropicaux (French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development), Shell Prospecting and Development Peru, Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program, Stichting het van Eeden-fonds, The Body Shop, The Ministry of the Environment of Ecuador, TROBIT, Tropenbos International, U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-0743457, NSF0101775, NSF-0918591], USAID, Variety Woods Guyana, Wenner-Gren Foundation, WWF-Brazil, WWF-Guianas, Xlleme Contrat de Plan Etat Region-Guyane (French Government and European Union), European Union, UK Natural Environment Research Council, Gordon and BettyMoore Foundation, European Research Council Advanced Grant, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, [NSF-0726797], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), ter Steege, Hans, Hans ter Steege, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, Nigel C. A. Pitman, The Field Museum / Duke University, Timothy J. Killeen, Agteca-Amazonica, William F. Laurance, James Cook University, Carlos A. Peres, University of East Anglia, Juan Ernesto Guevara, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Rafael P. Salomão, MPEG, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, Iêda Leão Amaral, INPA, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, INPA, Luiz de Souza Coelho, INPA, William E. Magnusson, INPA, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, INPA, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, IEPA, Mariana Victória Irume, INPA, Maria Pires Martins, INPA, Jean-François Molino, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Daniel Sabatier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Florian Wittmann, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Dairon Cárdenas López, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, IEPA, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Percy Núñez Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, UFRO, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, UFRO, John Terborgh, Duke University, Katia Regina Casula, UFRO, Juan Carlos Montero, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Alvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Charles Eugene Zartman, INPA, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Rodolfo Vasquez, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Rafael L. Assis, INPA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, CENARGEN, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, CENARGEN, Ana Andrade, INPA, José Luís Camargo, INPA, Susan G. W. Laurance, James Cook University, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, INPA, Beatriz S. Marimon, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Ben-Hur Marimon Jr., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Flávia Costa, INPA, Natalia Targhetta, INPA, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, MPEG, Roel Brienen, University of Leeds, Hernán Castellanos, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, University of Amsterdam, Hugo F. Mogollón, Endangered Species Coalition, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, INPA, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, James A. Comiskey, National Park Service, Gabriel Damasco, University of California, Nállarett Dávila, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Universidad de los Andes, Alberto Vincentini, INPA, Thaise Emilio, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, Carolina Levis, INPA / University of Wageningen, Juliana Schietti, INPA, Priscila Souza, INPA, Alfonso Alonso, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Francisco Dallmeier, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Leandro Valle Ferreira, MPEG, David Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Luzmila Arroyo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, INPA, Fernanda Coelho Souza, INPA, Dário Dantas do Amaral, MPEG, Rogerio Gribel, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Bruno Garcia Luize, INPA, Marcelo Petrati Pansonato, INPA, Eduardo Venticinque, UFRN, Paul Fine, University of California, Marisol Toledo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Chris Baraloto, INRA / Florida International University, Carlos Cerón, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, Julien Engel, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, Terry W. Henkel, Humboldt State University, Eliana M. Jimenez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Paul Maas, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Pascal Petronelli, INRA, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, INPA, Marcos Silveira, UFAC, Juliana Stropp, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Tim R. Baker, University of Leeds, Doug Daly, New York Botanical Garden, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Naara Ferreira da Silva, INPA, Alfredo Fuentes, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, Peter Møller Jørgensen, Missouri Botanical Garden, Jochen Schöngart, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Miles R. Silman, Wake Forest University, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, INPA, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas at Austin, Juan Fernando Phillips, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Tinde R. van Andel, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Patricio von Hildebrand, Fundación Estación de Biología, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, INPA, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, INPA, Deborah de Castro, INPA, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Therany Gonzales, ACEER Foundation, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, Bruce Hoffman, Amazon Conservation Team, Yadvinder Malhi, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, INPA, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Agustín Rudas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Natalino Silva, UFRA, César I. A. Vela, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Vincent A. Vos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, Eglée L. Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Stanford Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Angela Cano, Universidad de los Andes, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Alexandre A. Oliveira, USP, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, José Ferreira Ramos, INPA, Rodrigo Sierra, GeoIS, Milton Tirado, GeoIS, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, University of Maryland, Geertje van der Heijden, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Corine Vriesendorp, The Field Museum, Ophelia Wang, Northern Arizona University, Kenneth R. Young, University of Texas at Austin, Claudia Baider, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, Henrik Balslev, Aarhus University, Natalia de Castro, INPA, William Farfan-Rios, Wake Forest University, Cid Ferreira, INPA, Casimiro Mendoza, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, Italo Mesones, University of California, Armando Torres-Lezama, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Daniel Villarroel, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Roderick Zagt, Tropenbos International, Miguel N. Alexiades, University of Kent, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Wake Forest University, Lionel Hernandez, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, William Milliken, Royal Botanic Gardens, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Susamar Pansini, UFRO, Daniela Pauletto, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, UFRO, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri., HANS TER STEEGE, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, The Field Museum / Duke University, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, Agteca-Amazonica, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, James Cook University, CARLOS A. PERES, University of East Anglia, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, MPEG, IÊDA LEÃO AMARAL, INPA, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INPA, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INPA, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INPA, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, University of Leeds, DIOGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INPA, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, IEPA, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INPA, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INPA, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), DANIEL SABATIER, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), FLORIAN WITTMANN, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, IEPA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UFRO, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UFRO, JOHN TERBORGH, Duke University, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UFRO, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, ALVARO JAVIER DUQUE MONTOYA, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, CHARLES EUGENE ZARTMAN, INPA, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, INPA, ANA ANDRADE, INPA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INPA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, James Cook University, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INPA, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, BEN-HUR MARIMON JR., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, FLÁVIA COSTA, INPA, NATALIA TARGHETTA, INPA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MPEG, ROEL BRIENEN, University of Leeds, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, University of Amsterdam, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, Endangered Species Coalition, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INPA, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, JAMES A. COMISKEY, National Park Service, GABRIEL DAMASCO, University of California, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, PABLO ROBERTO STEVENSON DIAZ, Universidad de los Andes, ALBERTO VINCENTINI, INPA, THAISE EMILIO, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, CAROLINA LEVIS, INPA / University of Wageningen, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INPA, PRISCILA SOUZA, INPA, ALFONSO ALONSO, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MPEG, DAVID NEILL, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, LUZMILA ARROYO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, FERNANDA ANTUNES CARVALHO, INPA, FERNANDA COELHO SOUZA, INPA, DÁRIO DANTAS DO AMARAL, MPEG, ROGERIO GRIBEL, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, INPA, MARCELO PETRATI PANSONATO, INPA, EDUARDO VENTICINQUE, UFRN, PAUL FINE, University of California, MARISOL TOLEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, CHRIS BARALOTO, INRA / Florida International University, CARLOS CERÓN, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, JULIEN ENGEL, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, TERRY W. HENKEL, Humboldt State University, ELIANA M. JIMENEZ, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, PAUL MAAS, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, PASCAL PETRONELLI, INRA, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INPA, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UFAC, JULIANA STROPP, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, RAQUEL THOMAS-CAESAR, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, TIM R. BAKER, University of Leeds, DOUG DALY, New York Botanical Garden, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, NAARA FERREIRA DA SILVA, INPA, ALFREDO FUENTES, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, PETER MØLLER JØRGENSEN, Missouri Botanical Garden, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, MILES R. SILMAN, Wake Forest University, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, INPA, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, ANTHONY DI FIORE, University of Texas at Austin, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, Fundación Estación de Biología, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INPA, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INPA, DEBORAH DE CASTRO, INPA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER Foundation, JEAN-LOUIS GUILLAUMET, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, BRUCE HOFFMAN, Amazon Conservation Team, YADVINDER MALHI, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INPA, ADRIANA PRIETO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, NATALINO SILVA, UFRA, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, VINCENT A. VOS, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, EGLÉE L. ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, STANFORD ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, ANGELA CANO, Universidad de los Andes, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, USP, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INPA, RODRIGO SIERRA, GeoIS, MILTON TIRADO, GeoIS, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA MEDINA, University of Maryland, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, CORINE VRIESENDORP, The Field Museum, OPHELIA WANG, Northern Arizona University, KENNETH R. YOUNG, University of Texas at Austin, CLAUDIA BAIDER, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, HENRIK BALSLEV, Aarhus University, NATALIA DE CASTRO, INPA, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, Wake Forest University, CID FERREIRA, INPA, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, ITALO MESONES, University of California, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, DANIEL VILLARROEL, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, RODERICK ZAGT, Tropenbos International, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, University of Kent, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, Wake Forest University, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, Royal Botanic Gardens, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UFRO, DANIELA PAULETTO, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UFRO, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, and LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri.

Subjects
Conservation Status, Land Use Policy, Geography & travel, Amazonian, Threatened Species, Conservation-dependent species, Protected Areas, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Conservation Planning, Land Use, IUCN Red List, Deforestation, Research Articles, ddc:910, Multidisciplinary, Near-threatened species, Extinction Risks, Ecology, Conservação, Amazonia, Conservation, Protected areas, Indigenous areas, Tree species, SciAdv r-articles, Gap analysis (conservation), Forestry, Tropical Tree Species, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Geography, Research Article, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Indigenous People, Tropics, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Espécie, 13. Climate action, Threatened species, Conservation status, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Protection, Desmatamento
Abstract

Analyses of forest loss and protected areas suggest that 36 to 57% of Amazonian tree flora may qualify as “globally threatened.”, Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict that most of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

Published
2015

4. Crença, conhecimento e prática horticultural Jodï: cultivo incipiente ou integral?

Author

Egleé L. Zent and Stanford Zent

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Archeology, lcsh:Latin America. Spanish America, Plant management, Natural forest, Horticulture, Jodï, Language and Linguistics, Horticultura, lcsh:Social Sciences, Amazonia, Venezuelan Guayana, Agroecology, Agroforestry, Ecology, Cultivo incipiente, lcsh:F1201-3799, Myth and ritual, lcsh:H, Geography, Amazônia, Incipient cultivation, Anthropology, Agroecologia, Plant species, Guiana venezuelana
Abstract

This paper describes the Jodï horticultural system, including belief, knowledge and practice aspects. The horticultural practices of the Jodï were previously characterized as 'incipient cultivation' but such practices were poorly described and documented. The antiquity of cultivation among this group is suggested by the prominence and significance of horticultural products and techniques in myth and ritual. Our field observations uncovered a fairly sophisticated system of plant management in swiddens, house gardens, trail gardens and natural forest gaps. An inventory of 67 cultivated plant species was documented, of which 36 are utilized for food, 20 for magical or medicinal purposes, and 11 for technology. The Jodï prolong the productive phase of their gardens for five years or more through successive planting-harvesting-replanting operations. Jodï swiddens display an elaborate polycultivated appearance and they possess at least five principal crops: plantain/banana, maize, yams, sweet potato, and sweet manioc. Another distinctive feature is the extensive use of natural gaps in the forest canopy as cultivation zones. The results of this study suggest that while Jodï horticultural practice is well integrated with a nomadic, foraging-dependent lifestyle, nevertheless this system does not deserve to be labeled as 'incipient' and instead is more integral than was recognized previously. O artigo descreve o sistema hortícola Jodï, incluindo aspectos de conhecimento, crença e prática. As práticas hortícolas dos Jodï foram previamente caracterizadas como 'cultivo incipiente' por outros pesquisadores, mas essas práticas foram pouco descritas e documentadas. A antiguidade da agricultura nesse grupo é sugerida pela proeminência e significância de produtos e técnicas hortícolas em mitos e rituais. Nossas observações de campo mostram um sistema bastante sofisticado de manejo de plantas em roças, pomares, trilhas e clareiras naturais de floresta. Foi registrado um total de 67 espécies de plantas cultivadas, das quais 36 são utilizadas para a alimentação, 20 para fins mágicos ou medicinais e 11 para tecnologia. Os Jodï prolongam a fase produtiva de suas roças e jardins por cinco anos ou mais, por meio de sucessivos plantios-colheitas-replantios. As roças Jodï parecem ser policultivadas e possuem pelo menos cinco principais culturas: platano/banana, milho, inhame, batata doce e mandioca doce. Outra característica distintiva é o uso extensivo de clareiras naturais de floresta como zonas de cultivo. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que, embora a prática hortícola Jodï seja bem integrada com um estilo de vida nômade e dependente da coleta, este sistema não merece ser rotulado como 'incipiente', pelo contrário, é mais integral do que foi reconhecido anteriormente.

Published
2012

5. Floristic composition, structure, and diversity of four forest plots in the Sierra Maigualida, Venezuelan Guayana

Author

Egleé L. Zent and Stanford Zent

Subjects
Ecology, Phytosociology, biology, Biodiversity, biology.organism_classification, Sapotaceae, Floristics, Basal area, Dominance (ecology), Species richness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Global biodiversity
Abstract

A phytosociological study was carried out in four 1-ha forest plots in the Sierra Maigualida region, Venezuelan Guayana. Density, dominance, and frequency values were calculated as well as the species and family importance values (FIVs) in each plot. A total of 65 families, 232 genera and 533 species were represented in the 4 ha of forest. The number of stems ≥10 cm dbh varied from 355 to 563, the number of species from 133 to 191, the genera from 76 to 120, the families from 38 to 51, and the basal area from 20.56 to 40.83 m2 per hectare. Overall the most species rich family was Fabaceae (38 species), the most numerous in total stems was Burseraceae (165 individuals), and the most dominant in terms of basal area was Sapotaceae (1367.13 cm2). The most conspicuous families, as represented among the top five FIV, include Burseraceae in all four plots, Moraceae in three of the plots, and Sapotaceae in two plots. Less than 20% of the total inventory of species are represented in two or more plots. The percentages of species which are unique to a single plot range from 56 to 67%. The within-plot diversities recorded in the present study indicate that the Sierra Maiguailida harbors the richest forests thus far documented in Venezuelan Guayana. Meanwhile, the low between-plot similarity indices reinforce the notion that the species richness of this region is unusually high and suggest the need to extend collections and inventory studies.

Published
2004

6. Hyperdominance in the Amazonian Tree Flora

Author

César I.A. Vela, Nállarett Dávila, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Dairon Cárdenas López, A C Gerardo Aymard, Alfonso Alonso, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Milton Tirado, Miguel Alexiades, Adriana Prieto, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Egleé L. Zent, Natalino Silva, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Paul V. A. Fine, Stanford Zent, Jérôme Chave, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Carolina V. Castilho, William Milliken, Gonzalo Rivas, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Timothy R. Baker, Corine Vriesendorp, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Percy Núñez Vargas, Rodrigo Sierra, Hernán Castellanos, Rafael L. Assis, Daniel Sabatier, John Terborgh, Miles R. Silman, Juliana Schietti, Ophelia Wang, William E. Magnusson, Angela Cano Schutz, Cid Ferreira, Kenneth J. Feeley, Lionel Hernández, Ademir R. Ruschell, Juliana Stropp, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Oliver L. Phillips, Ben Hur Marimon, Thaise Emilio, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Francisco Dallmeier, Hugo Mogollón, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Christopher Baraloto, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, Henrik Balslev, Peter M. Jørgensen, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Kyle G. Dexter, Julien Engel, Pascal Petronelli, Kenneth R. Young, Priscila Souza, Hans ter Steege, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Timothy J. Killeen, Therany Gonzales, Agustín Rudas, Flávia R. C. Costa, Patricio von Hildebrand, Yadvinder Malhi, Carlos Cerón, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Terry W. Henkel, Ana Andrade, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Italo Mesones, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Abel Monteagudo, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Daniela Pauletto, Charles E. Zartman, Jean-François Molino, William F. Laurance, Tinde van Andel, Luzmila Arroyo, Roderick Zagt, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Marisol Toledo, Ted R. Feldpausch, Cláudia Baider, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Paul J. M. Maas, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Anthony Di Fiore, Carlos A. Peres, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Doug Daly, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Florian Wittmann, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Vincent A. Vos, Rogério Gribel, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Duke University [Durham], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Bolivia Sustainable Forest Management Project, Partenaires INRAE, University of Exeter, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), World Wide Fund for Nature, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, James Cook University (JCU), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Instituto Amazonico de Investigaciones Cientificas, Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Endangered Species Coalition, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Universidad de Los Andes, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado [Bolivie], Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Universidad Nacional Experimental de Los Llanos Occidentales, Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Humboldt State University (HSU), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Fundacion Puerto Rastrojo, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Amazon Center for Environmental Education and Research Foundation, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), Staff publications, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, and VU University Amsterdam

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, go extinct, tropical forest, rain-forest, diversification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, distributions, Biodiversity, Rainforest, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species abundance, diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, tree species, Rivers, Amazonia, Dominance (ecology), rarity, patterns, hyperdominance, education, Amazon Basin, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Agroforestry, Amazon rainforest, plants, Plant community, trees, commonness, South America, 15. Life on land, ECOLOGIA, Guiana Shield, Geography, Habitat, Species richness, richness
Abstract

Introduction Recent decades have seen a major international effort to inventory tree communities in the Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), but the vast extent and record diversity of these forests have hampered an understanding of basinwide patterns. To overcome this obstacle, we compiled and standardized species-level data on more than half a million trees in 1170 plots sampling all major lowland forest types to explore patterns of commonness, rarity, and richness. Methods The ~6-million-km 2 Amazonian lowlands were divided into 1° cells, and mean tree density was estimated for each cell by using a loess regression model that included no environmental data but had its basis exclusively in the geographic location of tree plots. A similar model, allied with a bootstrapping exercise to quantify sampling error, was used to generate estimated Amazon-wide abundances of the 4962 valid species in the data set. We estimated the total number of tree species in the Amazon by fitting the mean rank-abundance data to Fisher’s log-series distribution. Results Our analyses suggest that lowland Amazonia harbors 3.9 × 10 11 trees and ~16,000 tree species. We found 227 “hyperdominant” species (1.4% of the total) to be so common that together they account for half of all trees in Amazonia, whereas the rarest 11,000 species account for just 0.12% of trees. Most hyperdominants are habitat specialists that have large geographic ranges but are only dominant in one or two regions of the basin, and a median of 41% of trees in individual plots belong to hyperdominants. A disproportionate number of hyperdominants are palms, Myristicaceae, and Lecythidaceae. Discussion The finding that Amazonia is dominated by just 227 tree species implies that most biogeochemical cycling in the world’s largest tropical forest is performed by a tiny sliver of its diversity. The causes underlying hyperdominance in these species remain unknown. Both competitive superiority and widespread pre-1492 cultivation by humans are compelling hypotheses that deserve testing. Although the data suggest that spatial models can effectively forecast tree community composition and structure of unstudied sites in Amazonia, incorporating environmental data may yield substantial improvements. An appreciation of how thoroughly common species dominate the basin has the potential to simplify research in Amazonian biogeochemistry, ecology, and vegetation mapping. Such advances are urgently needed in light of the >10,000 rare, poorly known, and potentially threatened tree species in the Amazon.

Published
2013

7. Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Author

Correa, Diego F., Stevenson, Pablo R., Umaña, Maria Natalia, Coelho, Luiz de Souza, Lima Filho, Diógenes de Andrade, Salomão, Rafael P., do Amaral, Iêda Leão, Wittmann, Florian, Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida, Castilho, Carolina V., Phillips, Oliver L., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Magnusson, William E., Sabatier, Daniel, Molino, Jean-François, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Guimarães, José Renan da Silva, Bánki, Olaf S., Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Ramos, José Ferreira, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão, Núñez Vargas, Percy, Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John W., Casula, Katia Regina, Honorio Coronado, Euridice N., Montero, Juan Carlos, Schöngart, Jochen, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Costa, Flávia R. C., Quaresma, Adriano Costa, Zartman, Charles Eugene, Killeen, Timothy J., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Demarchi, Layon O., Feldpausch, Ted R., Assis, Rafael L., Baraloto, Christopher, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Castellanos, Hernán, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José Luís, Laurance, Susan G. W., Laurance, William F., Maniguaje Rincón, Lorena, Schietti, Juliana, Sousa, Thaiane R., Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa, Lopes, Maria Aparecida, Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima, Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça, de Queiroz, Helder Lima, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Brienen, Roel, Cardenas Revilla, Juan David, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira, Duivenvoorden, Joost F., Mogollón, Hugo F., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Lozada, José Rafael, Comiskey, James A., de Toledo, José Julio, Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, García-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Lopes, Aline, Vicentini, Alberto, Draper, Freddie C., Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás, Cornejo Valverde, F., Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Gomes, Vitor H. F., Neill, David, de Aguiar, Daniel P. P., Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, do Amaral, Dário Dantas, Feeley, Kenneth J., Gribel, Rogerio, Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Barlow, Jos, Berenguer, Erika, Ferreira, Joice, Fine, Paul V. A., Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Jimenez, Eliana M., Licona, Juan Carlos, Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina, Villa Zegarra, Boris Eduardo, Cerón, Carlos, Fonty, Émile, Henkel, Terry W., Householder, John Ethan, Maas, Paul, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas, Raquel, Durgante, Flávia Machado, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Pennington, Toby, Ríos Paredes, Marcos, Molina, Pardo, Fuentes, Alfredo, Klitgaard, Bente, Marcelo Peña, José Luis, Peres, Carlos A., Silman, Miles R., Tello, J. Sebastián, Campelo, Wegliane, Chave, Jerome, Di Fiore, Anthony, Hilário, Renato Richard, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, Patricio, Pereira, Luciana de Oliveira, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, Bonates, Luiz Carlos de Matos, Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá, Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette, Zárate Gómez, Ricardo, Gonzales, Therany, Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe, Hoffman, Bruce, Junqueira, André Braga, Malhi, Yadvinder, Miranda, Ires Paula de Andrade, Mozombite Pinto, Linder Felipe, Prieto, Adriana, Jesus Rodrigues, Domingos de, Rudas, Agustín, Ruschel, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, César I. A., Vos, Vincent Antoine, Zent, Stanford, Zent, Egleé L., Noronha, Janaína Costa, Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss, Cano, Angela, Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina, Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Flores, Bernardo Monteiro, Galbraith, David, Holmgren, Milena, Kalamandeen, Michelle, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rocha, Maira, Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, van der Heijden, Geertje, Vilanova Torre, Emilio, Vriesendorp, Corine, Pombo, Maihyra Marina, Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto, Baider, Cláudia, Balslev, Henrik, Cárdenas, Sasha, Casas, Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Urrego Giraldo, Ligia Estela, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick, Parada, Germaine Alexander, Alexiades, Miguel N., de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Palacios Cuenca, Walter, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, ter Steege, Hans, DIEGO F. CORREA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, PABLO R. STEVENSON, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, DIÓGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, IÊDA LEÃO DO AMARAL, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, FLORIAN WITTMANN, KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS AMÉRICAS, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS DO AMAPÁ, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, DANIEL SABATIER, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, AMCEL AMAPÁ FLORESTAL E CELULOSE, OLAF S. BÁNKI, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, THE FIELD MUSEUM, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, EVLYN MÁRCIA MORAES DE LEÃO NOVO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, THIAGO SANNA FREIRE SILVA, UNIVERSITY OF STIRLING, EDUARDO MARTINS VENTICINQUE, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, JOHN W. TERBORGH, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES DE LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, INSTITUTO SINCHI, FLÁVIA R. C. COSTA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, ADRIANO COSTA QUARESMA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, CHARLES EUGENE ZARTMAN, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, AGTECA-AMAZONICA, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BEN HUR MARIMON-JUNIOR, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENÉ MORENO, LAYON O. DEMARCHI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, CHRISTOPHER BARALOTO, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, JULIEN ENGEL, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, PASCAL PETRONELLI, CENTRE DE COOPÉRATION INTERNATIONALE EN RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE POUR LE DÉVELOPPEMENT, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, Cenargen, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, Cenargen, ANA ANDRADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, LORENA MANIGUAJE RINCÓN, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, THAIANE R. SOUSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, INSTITUTO LEÔNIDAS E MARIA DEANE, MARIA APARECIDA LOPES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, JOSÉ LEONARDO LIMA MAGALHÃES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, HELDER LIMA DE QUEIROZ, INSTITUTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL MAMIRAUÁ, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE LOS LLANOS OCCIDENTALES 'EZEQUIEL ZAMORA', ROEL BRIENEN, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, YURI OLIVEIRA FEITOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, ENDANGERED SPECIES COALITION, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, JOSÉ RAFAEL LOZADA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, JAMES A. COMISKEY, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, JOSÉ JULIO DE TOLEDO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, GABRIEL DAMASCO, UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, CENTRO DE INNOVACIÓN CIENTÍFICA AMAZÓNICA, ALINE LOPES, UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASILIA, ALBERTO VICENTINI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, FREDDIE C. DRAPER, UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, INSTITUTO SINCHI, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, ANDES TO AMAZON BIODIVERSITY PROGRAM, ALFONSO ALONSO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, VITOR H. F. GOMES, CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO DO PARÁ, DAVID NEILL, UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL AMAZÓNICA, DANIEL P. P. DE AGUIAR, MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO DO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS, LUZMILA ARROYO, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, FERNANDA ANTUNES CARVALHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, FERNANDA COELHO DE SOUZA, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, DÁRIO DANTAS DO AMARAL, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, KENNETH J. FEELEY, UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, ROGERIO GRIBEL, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, MARCELO PETRATTI PANSONATO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, JOS BARLOW, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, ERIKA BERENGUER, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, PAUL V. A. FINE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, CPAF-AP, ELIANA M. JIMENEZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, JUAN CARLOS LICONA, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACION FORESTAL, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, UNIVERSIDAD REGIONAL AMAZÓNICA IKIAM, BORIS EDUARDO VILLA ZEGARRA, DIRECCÍON DE EVALUACIÓN FORESTAL Y DE FAUNA SILVESTRE, CARLOS CERÓN, UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DO EQUADOR, ÉMILE FONTY, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, TERRY W. HENKEL, HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY, JOHN ETHAN HOUSEHOLDER, KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PAUL MAAS, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ACRE, JULIANA STROPP, MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES, RAQUEL THOMAS, IWOKRAMA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR RAIN FOREST CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT, FLÁVIA MACHADO DURGANTE, KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, TIM R. BAKER, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, DOUG DALY, NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AMAZÓNICA DE MADRE DE DIOS, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, TOBY PENNINGTON, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PARDO MOLINA, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL BENI JOSÉ BALLIVIÁN, ALFREDO FUENTES, UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRÉS, BENTE KLITGAARD, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, JOSÉ LUIS MARCELO PEÑA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE JAÉN, CARLOS A. PERES, UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA, MILES R. SILMAN, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, J. SEBASTIÁN TELLO, MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, WEGLIANE CAMPELO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, JEROME CHAVE, UNIVERSITÉ PAUL SABATIER, ANTHONY DI FIORE, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, RENATO RICHARD HILÁRIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, FUNDACIÓN PUERTO RASTROJO, GONZALO RIVAS-TORRES, UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, FUNDACIÓN ESTACIÓN DE BIOLOGÍA, LUCIANA DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES BARBOSA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MATO GROSSO, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, RAINIELLEN DE SÁ CARPANEDO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MATO GROSSO, HILDA PAULETTE DÁVILA DOZA, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, RICARDO ZÁRATE GÓMEZ, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES DE LA AMAZONÍA PERUANA, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER FOUNDATION, GEORGE PEPE GALLARDO GONZALES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, BRUCE HOFFMAN, AMAZON CONSERVATION TEAM, ANDRÉ BRAGA JUNQUEIRA, UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA, YADVINDER MALHI, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, LINDER FELIPE MOZOMBITE PINTO, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, ADRIANA PRIETO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, DOMINGOS DE JESUS RODRIGUES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MATO GROSSO, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, NATALINO SILVA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, VINCENT ANTOINE VOS, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL BENI JOSÉ BALLIVIÁN, STANFORD ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, EGLEÉ L. ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, JANAÍNA COSTA NORONHA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MATO GROSSO, BIANCA WEISS ALBUQUERQUE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, ANGELA CANO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, YRMA ANDREINA CARRERO MÁRQUEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, JANAINA BARBOSA PEDROSA COSTA, BERNARDO MONTEIRO FLORES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA, DAVID GALBRAITH, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, MILENA HOLMGREN, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY & RESEARCH, MICHELLE KALAMANDEEN, MCMASTER UNIVERSITY, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, MAIRA ROCHA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, VERIDIANA VIZONI SCUDELLER, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS, RODRIGO SIERRA, GEOIS, MILTON TIRADO, GEOIS, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, CORINE VRIESENDORP, THE FIELD MUSEUM, MAIHYRA MARINA POMBO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, MANUEL AUGUSTO AHUITE REATEGUI, PLUSPRETOL, CLÁUDIA BAIDER, UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO, HENRIK BALSLEV, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, SASHA CÁRDENAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, LUISA FERNANDA CASAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, CID FERREIRA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA, REYNALDO LINARES-PALOMINO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN SIMON, ITALO MESONES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, DANIEL VILLARROEL, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, RODERICK ZAGT, TROPENBOS INTERNATIONAL, GERMAINE ALEXANDER PARADA, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, UNIVERSITY OF KENT, EDMAR ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DEL NORTE, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, DANIELA PAULETTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DO PARÁ, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA, LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, HANS TER STEEGE, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER., University of St Andrews. Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Missouri Botanical Garden, and Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]

Subjects
Geography & travel, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Florestas inundadas, flooded forests, terra-firme forests, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ddc:910, Disperser‐availability hypothesis, Global and Planetary Change, Resource‐availability hypothesis, Ecology, anemochory, Terra‐firme forests, resource-availability hypothesis, DAS, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, dispersal agents, Biosystematiek, endozoochory, Floresta de terra firme, MCP, Floresta Pluvial Tropical, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, synzoochory, Biosystematics, hydrochory, ARBORIZAÇÃO, Rain forests, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, disperser-availability hypothesis, Amazonian rain forests
Abstract

DFC acknowledges financial support from the Colombian institution Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación COLCIENCIAS (Convocatoria 529 para estudios de doctorado en el exterior). PRS acknowledges the Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, for financial support (INV-2021-128-2268). Aim : To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser‐availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource‐availability hypothesis). Time period : Tree‐inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied : Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location : Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods : We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree‐inventory plots across terra‐firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance‐weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results : Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra‐firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions : The disperser‐availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types. Publisher PDF

Published
2023

8. Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Henkel, Terry, Helal, Nora, Marimon, Beatriz, Hur Marimon-Junior, Ben, Huth, Andreas, Groeneveld, Jürgen, Sabatier, Daniel, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, De, Diogenes, Lima Filho, Andrade, Salomão, Rafael, Amaral, Leão, Dionízia, Francisca, Matos, Almeida, Castilho, Carolina, Phillips 12, Oliver, Guevara, Juan, De, Marcelo, Veiga, Jesus, 15, Carim, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Magnusson, William, Wittmann, Florian, Victória Irume, Mariana, Pires Martins, Maria, da Silva Guimarães, José Renan, Guimarães, Silva, Molino, Jean-François, Banki, Olaf, Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Maria, Pitman, Nigel, Mendoza, Abel, Ferreira Ramos, José, Luize, Bruno, Márcia, Evlyn, de Leão Novo, Moraes, Sanna, Thiago, Silva, Freire, Martins Venticinque, Eduardo, Manzatto, Angelo, Farias, Neidiane, Reis, Costa, Terborgh, John, Regina Casula, Katia, Honorio Coronado, Euridice, Montero, Juan, Feldpausch, Ted, Duque, Alvaro, Costa, Flávia, Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás, Schöngart, Jochen, Killeen, Timothy, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Demarchi, Layon, Assis, Rafael, Baraloto, Chris, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Castellanos 42, Hernán, Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo, Quaresma, Adriano, Fragomeni Simon, Marcelo, Andrade, Ana, 44, Camargo, Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William, Rincón, Lorena, Schietti, Juliana, Sousa, Thaiane, De, Emanuelle, Farias, Sousa, Lopes, Maria, Leonardo, José, Magalhães, Lima, Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique, Lima de Queiroz, Helder, Aymard, Gerardo, 51, C, Brienen, Roel, David, Juan, Revilla, Cardenas, Célia, Ima, Vieira, Guimarães, Barçante, Bruno, Cintra, Ladvocat, Stevenson, Pablo, Oliveira Feitosa 53, Yuri, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollón, Hugo, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Valle Ferreira 10, Leandro, Lozada, José, Comiskey, James, Julio de Toledo, José, Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nallarett, Draper, Freddie, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Lopes, Aline, Vicentini, Alberto, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Gomes, Vitor, Lloyd, Jon, Neill, David, Praia, Daniel, de Aguiar, Portela, Arroyo, Luzmila, Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda, Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dantas Do Amaral, Dário, Feeley, Kenneth, Gribel, Rogério, Petratti Pansonato, Marcelo, Barlow, Jos, Berenguer, Erika, Ferreira, Joice, Fine 61, Paul, Guedes, Marcelino, Jimenez, Eliana, Licona, Juan, Cristina, Maria, Mora, Peñuela, Villa, Boris, Cerón, Carlos, Maas, Paul, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas 84, Raquel, Baker, Tim, Daly, Doug, Dexter, Kyle, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Pennington, Toby, Paredes, Marcos, Fuentes, Alfredo, Klitgaard, Bente, Pena, Marcelo, Peres 93, Carlos, Silman, Miles, Sebastián Tello 90, J, Chave, Jérôme, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Di Fiore 97, Anthony, Hilário, Renato, Fernando Phillips 98, Juan, Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, van Andel, Tinde, von Hildebrand, Patricio, Noronha, Janaína, Marques Barbosa, Edelcilio, Rodrigues Barbosa, Flávia, Carlos de Matos Bonates, Luiz, de Sá Carpanedo 102, Rainiellen, Paulette, Hilda, Doza, Dávila, Fonty, Emile, Gómezárate Z 104, Ricardo, Gonzales, Therany, Pepe, George, Gonzales, Gallardo, Hoffman, Bruce, Junqueira, André, Malhi, Yadvinder, Paula de Andrade Miranda, Ires, Linder, Felipe, Mozombite Pinto 88, Adriana, De, Domingos, Rodrigues, Jesus, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschel, Ademir, Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Coelho, Luiz de Souza, Filho, Diogenes de Andrade Lima, Amaral, Iêda Leão, Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida, Phillips, Oliver, Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Guimarães, José Renan da Silva, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Ramos, José Ferreira, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Moraes de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia, Nunez Vargas, Percy, Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Casula, Katia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Castellanos, Hernán, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Camargo, José Luís, de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle, Lopes, Maria Aparecida, Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima, Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo, Aymard C., Gerardo, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira, Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Lozada, José Rafael, de Toledo, José Julio, de Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Do Amaral, Dário Dantas, Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Fine, Paul, Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Licona, Juan Carlos, Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina, Thomas, Raquel, Ríos Paredes, Marcos, Pena, José Luis Marcelo, Peres, Carlos, Tello, J. Sebastián, Di Fiore, Anthony, Hilário, Renato Richard, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Noronha, Janaína Costa, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá, Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette, Gómezárate Z, Ricardo, Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe, Junqueira, André Braga, Miranda, Ires Paula de Andrade, Pinto, Linder Felipe Mozombite, Prieto, Adriana, Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus, Silva, Natalino, Vela, César, Vos, Vincent Antoine, Zent, Egleé, Zent, Stanford, Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca, Cano, Angela, Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina, Correa, Diego, Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Flores, Bernardo Monteiro, Galbraith, David, Holmgren, Milena, Kalamandeen, Michelle, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rocha, Maira, Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Umaña Medina, Maria Natalia, van Der Heijden, Geertje, Vilanova Torre, Emilio, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth, Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto, Baider, Cláudia, Balslev, Henrik, Cárdenas, Sasha, Casas, Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick, Alexiades, Miguel, de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Palacios Cuenca, Walter, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Sandoval, Elvis, Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Levesley, Aurora, Pickavance, Georgia, Melgaço, Karina, Systems Ecology, HANS TER STEEGE, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BIANCA WEISS ALBUQUERQUE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, MAIRA ROCHA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, VERIDIANA VIZONI SCUDELLER, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS, BRAZIL, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, UNIVERSIDAD REGIONAL AMAZÓNICA, ECUADOR, KARINA MELGAÇO, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK., FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, TERRY W. HENKEL, HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, NORA HELAL, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, BEN HUR MARIMON-JUNIOR, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, ANDREAS HUTH, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH - UFZ, GERMANY, JÜRGEN GROENEVELD, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH - UFZ, GERMANY, DANIEL SABATIER, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, DIOGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, BRAZIL, IÊDA LEÃO AMARAL, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, CAROLINA V. CASTILHO, EMBRAPA, CPA DE RORAIMA, BRAZIL, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS AMÉRICAS, ECUADOR, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS DO AMAPÁ - IEPA, BRAZIL, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, INSTITUTO SINCHI, COLOMBIA, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, FLORIAN WITTMANN, KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY - KIT, GERMANY, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS DO AMAPÁ - IEPA, BRAZIL, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, OLAF S. BÁNKI, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, NETHERLANDS, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, THE FIELD MUSEUM, USA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, UNESP, BRAZIL, ALFONSO ALONSO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS-INPE, BRAZIL, THIAGO SANNA FREIRE SILVA, UNESP, BRAZIL, EDUARDO MARTINS VENTICINQUE, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, JOHN TERBORGH, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, IIAP, PERU, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACION FORESTAL, BOLIVIA, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK, ALVARO DUQUE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, FLÁVIA R. C. COSTA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, INSTITUTO SINCHI, COLOMBIA, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, AGTECA-AMAZONICA, BOLIVIA, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENÉ MORENO, BOLIVIA, LAYON O. DEMARCHI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, NORWAY, CHRIS BARALOTO, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, JULIEN ENGEL, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, PASCAL PETRONELLI, INRA, FRANCE, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, VENEZUELA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, Cenargen, ADRIANO QUARESMA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, Cenargen, ANA ANDRADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, LORENA M. RINCÓN, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, THAIANE R. SOUSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, INSTITUTO LEÔNIDAS E MARIA DEANE, MARIA APARECIDA LOPES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, JOSÉ LEONARDO LIMA MAGALHÃES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, HELDER LIMA DE QUEIROZ, INSTITUTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL MAMIRAUÁ, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., HERBARIO UNIVERSITARIO (PORT), VENEZUELA, ROEL BRIENEN, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, PABLO R. STEVENSON, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, YURI OLIVEIRA FEITOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, ENDANGERED SPECIES COALITION, USA, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, BOLIVIA, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, JOSÉ RAFAEL LOZADA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, JAMES A. COMISKEY, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USA, JOSÉ JULIO DE TOLEDO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, GABRIEL DAMASCO, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, FREDDIE DRAPER, CARNEGIE INSTITUTION FOR SCIENCE, USA, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, UK, ALINE LOPES, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, ALBERTO VICENTINI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, VITOR H. F. 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JIMENEZ, INSTITUCIÓN UNIVERSITARIA, COLOMBIA, JUAN CARLOS LICONA, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACION FORESTAL, BOLIVIA, BORIS VILLA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, CARLOS CERÓN, UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL, ECUADOR, PAUL MAAS, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ACRE, JULIANA STROPP, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF ALAGOAS, RAQUEL THOMAS, IWOKRAMA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR RAINFOREST CONSERVATION, GUYANA, TIM R. BAKER, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, DOUG DALY, NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, USA, KYLE G. DEXTER, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, UK, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, PERU, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, TOBY PENNINGTON, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ALFREDO FUENTES, UNIVERSITARIO UMSA, BOLIVIA, BENTE KLITGAARD, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, JOSÉ LUIS MARCELO PENA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AGRARIA LA MOLINA, PERU, MILES R. SILMAN, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, J. SEBASTIÁN TELLO, MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, USA, JEROME CHAVE, CNRS AND UNIVERSITÉ PAUL SABATIER, FRANCE, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, ANDES TO AMAZON BIODIVERSITY PROGRAM, PERU, ANTHONY DI FIORE, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, USA, RENATO RICHARD HILÁRIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, FUNDACIÓN PUERTO RASTROJO, COLOMBIA, GONZALO RIVAS-TORRES, UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO-USFQ, ECUADOR, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, FUNDACIÓN ESTACIÓN DE BIOLOGÍA, COLOMBIA, JANAÍNA COSTA NORONHA, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES BARBOSA, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, RAINIELLEN DE SÁ CARPANEDO, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, HILDA PAULETTE DÁVILA DOZA, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ÉMILE FONTY, DIRECTION RÉGIONALE DE LA GUYANE, FRENCH GUIANA, RICARDO GÓME ZÁRATEZ, PROTERRA - IIAP, PERU, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER FOUNDATION, PERU, GEORGE PEPE GALLARDO GONZALES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, BRUCE HOFFMAN, AMAZON CONSERVATION TEAM, SURINAME, ANDRÉ BRAGA JUNQUEIRA, UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA, SPAIN, YADVINDER MALHI, OXFORD UNIVERSITY CENTRE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, UK, LINDER FELIPE MOZOMBITE PINTO, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ADRIANA PRIETO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, DOMINGOS DE JESUS RODRIGUES, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, NATALINO SILVA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, BRAZIL, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, PERU, VINCENT ANTOINE VOS, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL BENI JOSÉ BALLIVIÁN, BOLIVIA, EGLEÉ L. ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, VENEZUELA, STANFORD ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, VENEZUELA, ANGELA CANO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, YRMA ANDREINA CARRERO MÁRQUEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, DIEGO F. CORREA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, JANAINA BARBOSA PEDROSA COSTA, BERNARDO MONTEIRO FLORES, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS, BRAZIL, DAVID GALBRAITH, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, MILENA HOLMGREN, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY & RESEARCH, THE NETHERLANDS, MICHELLE KALAMANDEEN, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE, BRAZIL, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, USP, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, RODRIGO SIERRA, GEOIS, ECUADOR, MILTON TIRADO, GEOIS, ECUADOR, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA MEDINA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM, UK, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, CORINE VRIESENDORP, THE FIELD MUSEUM, USA, OPHELIA WANG, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA, KENNETH R. YOUNG, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, USA, MANUEL AUGUSTO AHUITE REATEGUI, LORETO, PERU, CLÁUDIA BAIDER, MINISTRY OF AGRO-INDUSTRY AND FOOD SECURITY, MAURITIUS, HENRIK BALSLEV, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, SASHA CÁRDENAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, LUISA FERNANDA CASAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, CID FERREIRA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, REYNALDO LINARES-PALOMINO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, FOMABO, BOLIVIA, ITALO MESONES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, DANIEL VILLARROEL, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, BOLIVIA, RODERICK ZAGT, TROPENBOS INTERNATIONAL, THE NETHERLANDS, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, UNIVERSITY OF KENT, UK, EDMAR ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, VENEZUELA, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DEL NORTE, ECUADOR, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, DANIELA PAULETTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DO PARÁ, BRAZIL, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA, PERU, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, USA, LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, AURORA LEVESLEY, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, GEORGIA PICKAVANCE, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, CARLOS A. PERES, UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA, UK, EVLYN MÁRCIA MORAES DE LEÃO NOVO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS - INPE, BRAZIL, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Humboldt State University (HSU), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Ecological Modelling [UFZ Leipzig], Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Department of Biochemistry [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Missouri Botanical Garden, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), James Cook University (JCU), Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama (RWCMD), Herbario Universitario PORT, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Laboratorio de Botánica & Sistemática, Universidad de Los Andes [Venezuela] (ULA), Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Département Intelligence Ambiante et Systèmes Interactifs (DIASI), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Integrative Biology, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, University of Edinburgh, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Imperial College London, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Chercheur indépendant, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Reprodutiva de Plantas, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Embrapa Amapa, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), CREPAL - Centre de recherches sur les pays lusophones - EA 3421 (CREPAL), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Museu Univ, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios], Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EQUATEUR), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Universidad de Las Américas [Ecuador] (UDLA), Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Dpt of Anthropology [Austin], University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), School of Geography, University of Oxford, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Instituto de Manejo Forestal, Department of integrative biology, University of California, University of Kent [Canterbury], Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad de Los Andes [Mérida, Venezuela] (ULA), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University of Oxford, University of California (UC), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Ecological Modelling, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Missouri Bot Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad de los Andes, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Free University, Humboldt State University, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Université de Montpellier, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Universidad de las Américas, The Field Museum, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Instituto SINCHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, University of Florida, James Cook University, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, University of Exeter, Agteca-Amazonica, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, University of Oslo, Florida International University, Univ Guyane, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Fiocruz, Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, UNELLEZ-Guanare, University of Amsterdam, Endangered Species Coalition, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Inventory and Monitoring Program, Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Carnegie Institution for Science, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, University of Brasilia, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), University of Miami, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto Tecnológico de Antioquia - Institución Universitaria, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Universidad Central, Universidade Federal do Acre, Federal University of Alagoas, Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation, New York Botanical Garden, Kew, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Universitario UMSA, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, University of East Anglia, Wake Forest University, UMR 5174 EDB, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ, Fundación Estación de Biología, Federal University of Mato Grosso, ONF, ACEER Foundation, Amazon Conservation Team, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Dyson Perrins Building, Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, 1 Brookside., The University of Queensland, Wageningen University & Research, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Conjunto Forestal, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1, 3° Piso, University of Maryland, University Park, University of Washington, Northern Arizona University, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Aarhus University, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Tropenbos International, University of Kent, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, University of Missouri, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ter Steege, Hans [0000-0002-8738-2659], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Geography & travel, QH301 Biology, Biodiversity, lcsh:Medicine, forêt tropicale, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Coppicing, Tropical forest, Bosques amazónicos, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Seed Weight, lcsh:Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, ddc:910, Multidisciplinary, Amazon rainforest, Ecology, Inventaire forestier, 3103 Ecology, 3007 Forestry Sciences, Edaphic, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Soil Biology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Biosystematiek, Amazonian forests, Monodominance, Sprout, Rhizobium, F40 - Écologie végétale, 30 Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Life History Trait, Nodulation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Mining, Life history theory, QH301, Écologie forestière, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Amazonia, Forest ecology, Life Science, Forest, Bodembiologie, 13 Climate Action, lcsh:R, Tropics, DAS, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, Nonhuman, biodiversité forestière, Espèce dominante, Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN), Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Biosystematics, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Population végétale, 31 Biological Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors. Biodiversity Dynamics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Systems Ecology Free University, De Boelelaan 1087 Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15 Institute of Forest Growth and Computer Sciences Technische Universitaet Dresden, Postfach 1117 AMAP IRD CIRAD CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier, TA A-51/PS2, Bd. de la Lironde, A comprehensive Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior na Amazônia - CAPES Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Perimetral, s/n Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata 376, C.P. 399 EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, BR 174, km 8 – Distrito Industrial School of Geography University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud-BIOMAS Universidad de las Américas, Campus Queri Keller Science Action Center The Field Museum, 1400S. Lake Shore Drive Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Rodovia JK, Km 10, Campus do IEPA da Fazendinha Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI, Calle 20 No 5-44 Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Dep. of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Josefstr.1 Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Science and Education The Field Museum, 1400S. Lake Shore Drive Jardín Botánico de Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto – DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, Jardim da Granja Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista -UNESP – Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas – IGCE Bela Vista Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000 Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG- Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus Porto Velho Km 9,5 bairro Rural Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Av. 6 de agosto #28, Km. 14, Doble via La Guardia, Casilla 6204 Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Rennes Drive Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65 Agteca-Amazonica Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Natural History Museum University of Oslo, Postboks 1172 International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 243 Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech CNRS INRA Univ Guyane, Campus agronomique Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Calle Chile, urbaniz Chilemex Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica, Av. W5 Norte Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo, Av. Brasil, 4365 – Manguinhos Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/no. Diretoria Técnico-Científica Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Estrada do Bexiga, 2584 Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904 Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd. Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Universidad de los Andes, Via Chorros de Milla Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW, Suite 3123 Universidade Federal do Amapá Ciências Ambientais, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km2 Department of Integrative Biology University of California Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109 Department of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama St. Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Rd Tropical Diversity Section Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row Department of Ecology University of Brasilia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Ambientais Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London, Silwood Park, South Kensington Campus Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha Department of Biology University of Miami Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Diretoria de Pesquisas Científicas Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321, Cidade Universitária Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Embrapa Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km 5 Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de la Información y Medio Ambiente Instituto Tecnológico de Antioquia - Institución Universitaria, Calle 78B No. 72A-220 Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Km 7 via Muyuna Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177 Taxonomy and Systematics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Museu Universitário/Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza/Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal do Acre Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King’s Buildings Natural Capital and Plant Health Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Jr. Independencia 405 Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Universitario UMSA, Casilla 10077 Correo Central Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299 Department for Identification & Naming Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Department of Forestry Management Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Avenido La Molina, Apdo. 456, La Molina School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Biology Department and Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Department of Anthropology University of Texas at Austin, SAC 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA & Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall Fundación Estación de Biología, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso, Av. Alexandre Ferronato 1200, Setor Industrial Direction régionale de la Guyane ONF PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 ACEER Foundation, Jirón Cusco No. 370 Amazon Conservation Team, Doekhieweg Oost #24 Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7945 Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501 Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Forestal Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Jirón San Martín 451 Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Campus Universitario Final, Av. Ejercito Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632 Cambridge University Botanic Garden 1 Brookside. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences - ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED The University of Queensland University of Campinas Plant Biology Department, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, Lumen, building number 100 Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de los Andes Conjunto Forestal Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1, Av General Rodrigo Octavio 6200 GeoIS El Día 369y El Telégrafo 3° Piso Department of Biology University of Maryland University of Nottingham University Park School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, CLA building Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL The Mauritius Herbarium Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Department of Bioscience Aarhus University, Building 1540 Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C FOMABO Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS) Tropenbos International, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232 School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent, Marlowe Building Herbario Nacional del Ecuador Universidad Técnica del Norte Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, Campus Tapajós Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra Department of Biology University of Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista -UNESP – Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas – IGCE Bela Vista

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2019

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