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The main purpose of the paper is to econometrically assess the impact of the Risky Energy Export Demand index on economic growth in Azerbaijan. The study calculates the dynamics of the demand for energy exports over the past 20 years as an indicator of energy security. The least squares method, the ADF test, and the cointegration test were used to determine the cause- and- effect relationship between the Risky Energy Export Demand and economic growth. The main conclusion of the study is that the impact of Azerbaijan's Risky Energy Export Demand index on economic growth is positive, but not strong. It is necessary to improve the diversification of energy export directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze the external sector on Cuban tobacco from the export demand perspective towards the euro area. A tobacco-specific exchange rate is built to better capture the distinctions of this sector when competing overseas. We apply cointegration in the Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares framework and complement an error correction mechanism. It is found that both long and short-run estimates of exchange rate elasticities are significantly inelastic but present, at the same time, a high degree of stability. This means that prices become a fundamental control variable for economic policy purposes. Moreover, there is statistical evidence that income elasticity plays a significant role in the determination of exports growth for Cuban tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates the U.S. role in world production and trade of pistachios and identifies major factors affecting export demand for U.S. pistachios. We incorporate 21 major markets accounting for 78 percent of total U.S. pistachio exports. The impacts of market conditions and the effects of food safety shocks are investigated. The results indicate U.S. pistachio producers should take advantage of their advanced technology and reputation for higher food safety standards to enhance international market share. Necessary ingredients for a successful marketing strategy include compliance with marketing order regulations, improved food safety, and product diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the authors estimate demand elasticities for East African fish exports to the European Union. Today, fish is one of the most important renewable resources in East Africa, and ranks as the region's highest nontraditional agricultural export earner. Furthermore, fish represents a vital contribution to the food and nutritional security of millions of people in the region and the sizeable export revenue it generates plays an important role in advancing the region's development strategy of increasing overall foreign exchange earning capability. In this respect, elasticity is one of the basic indicators when discussing policy impacts, but currently there are no elasticity estimates for East Africa's fish export demand to guide trade policy formulation. The results for the estimated export demand equation showed evidence of lower price and higher income elasticities, implying that, on one hand, the European Union's demand for East Africa fish is more sensitive to income changes than price changes and, on the other hand, the East African fishery industry can simultaneously reduce the rate of resource use while boosting fishery income through higher prices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we re-estimate the import and the export demand functions for Mauritius and South Africa using time series data. We use the bounds tests for cointegration and find evidence of a long-run relationship between import demand, income and prices for both countries. Our long run elasticities reveal that domestic income and relative prices have significant effects on the import demand for both countries, with income being the most important determinant. Furthermore, we find that while South Africa's export demand is not responsive to relative prices or income; for Mauritius income is statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper estimates the export demand equation for the Philippines using the Gregory and Hansen procedure. We allowed for structural breaks within the Gregory and Hansen framework and obtained a cointegrating relationship between real exports, real income and relative prices. Our preferred model is the level shift where all the coefficients are significant and plausible. The income elasticity of export demand is around unity and the relative price elasticity is around -1.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses a study on regional integration and elasticities of export demand for Barbados products. The study showed that aside from tourism export services, Barbados has opportunities to exploit the sensitivity to foreign incomes of its good exports. The findings of the study would allegedly help determine the amount of products to sell in other countries. Also discussed in detail are the export demand model and the associated price and income elasticity estimates.

This study estimates a supply model for apricots and an export demand model for dried apricots for Turkey to provide unit-free measure coefficients for better supply and marketing management. Using parameter estimates from the models and sample average data, elasticities of long-run supply, price-yield and export of dried apricots were computed as 0.72, 0.54 and -0.87 respectively. From the price dependent export demand model, the price flexibility of dried apricots was calculated as -0.71. In this study, the import demand elasticities of dried apricots for major destination countries were estimated and found to be inelastic. An evaluation of aggregated household consumption expenditure data indicates that the demand for fresh apricots will increase as per capita real income, population and urban population go up, but the growth in domestic demand for dried apricots and apricot jam will gradually increase as per capita income, population and urban population go up. According to the supply and export demand elasticities of dried apricots, without either supply control or demand expansion, apricot growers' income will not be stabilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]