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• The framework combines a cloud-edge-end structure to break the information barriers of multi-source measured data. • The method executes different strategies according to voltage levels based on interaction of edge computing is proposed. • Harmonic source identification and evaluation are achieved through the multi-level interaction of edge computing. • TVE, CMHSE and HHSE method for cloud-edge-end collaborative computing strategy are developed into the system. With the increase of power electronic devices such as distributed renewable energies, energy storage, and flexible loads, the disturbance sources are rapidly raised and distributed in multiple voltage levels in the distributed network. The harmonics they produce are random and uncertain, and the massive amounts of data propose high demands on server computing capability, which restrict harmonic sources evaluation and significantly influence the judgments of the power quality in the distribution network. In order to improve the power quality and the harmonic source evaluation function of the distribution network, in this paper, a framework for multi-harmonic source identification and evaluation based on cloud-edge-end collaboration is proposed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the functional requirements harmonic sources evaluation in multiple voltage levels, a novel framework of cloud-edge-end collaboration is proposed. Secondly, the cloud-edge-end collaborative harmonic sources evaluation method which executes different service strategies according to voltage levels and grid operation based on the multi-level interaction of edge computing is proposed. Further, the working principle of the proposed novel framework with multiple evaluation methods including the dominant harmonic source identification, concentrated multiple harmonic sources evaluation (CMHSE) and hierarchical harmonic sources evaluation (HHSE) is described in detail in order to show the completed work processes of the proposed framework. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified based on the real data measured from different realistic urban power grids in China. The proposed method can effectively evaluate harmonic contributions in distribution systems and in turn provide a basis for harmonic mitigation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]