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The most advanced vacuum cleaners are now using brushless drives, with operating speeds in excess of 100 000 r/min. The drives are very sophisticated, but must also be low in cost. Sensorless control is desirable, but most sensorless methods involve extensive computation, which is prohibitively expensive at such high speeds. This paper looks at a 100 000-r/min, 1600-W switched reluctance machine (SRM) and drive system using the current gradient sensorless (CGS) scheme and analyzes parameters that affect the stability of the system. Commercial products require very robust control schemes: effects such as motor magnetic saturation, speed variations, changes in advance angle, and changes in dc-link voltage are examined to determine the boundaries within which the CGS scheme is stable. Both simulation and measurements are used, demonstrating measures which ensure stable operation over the entire operating range. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The operation of a brushless permanent-magnet machine requires rotor-position information, which is used to control the frequency and phase angle of the machine's winding currents. Sensorless techniques for estimating rotor position from measurements of voltage and current have been the subject of intensive research. This paper reviews the state of the art in these sensorless techniques, which are broadly classified into three types: motional electromotive force, inductance, and flux linkage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]